Cell Physiological Phenomena ; Humans ; Vocal Cords ; cytology ; physiology

Neurodegenerative disease is characterized by progressive loss of neurons in specific brain regions that results in neuronal dysfunction of the central nervous system. Although the pathological mechanism is not fully established, the activation of glial cells mediated neuroinflammation appears to be involved. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is originally described as intracellular chaperone, which plays an important role in protein quality control in cells. However, recent study showed that up-regulation of HSP70 had anti-inflammatory effects in the brain. HSP70 protected neurons from damage and improved neurological function by decreasing inflammatory response as indicated by inactivation of glial cells and inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine release. So it is of great significance to find new compounds targeting at HSP70 as neuroprotective agents to delay the progress of neurodegenerative disease. This review will focus on the role of HSP70 in neuroinflammation and the recent advances in using HSP70 as a target for the treatment of neurodegenerative disease.
Brain ; physiopathology ; Cytokines ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; physiology ; Humans ; Inflammation ; pathology ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; physiopathology ; Neurons ; pathology ; Neuroprotection ; Up-Regulation

Hand Disinfection ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal

According to the existing Provisions for Drug Registration (SFDA Order No. 28), applications for new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine are divided into two parts: the applications for drug clinical trial and for drug production (including new drug certificate). It will last for about 10 years from the application for drug clinical trial to get approving, and it also remains many problems and the low probability to succeed. From the sight of pharmaceutical review, there are mainly two aspects of regulatory compliance and technical issues, mainly for changes without approval of the competent authorities of the country. For example, sample preparation and approval of clinical trial process are significant changes. Technical problems are reporting incomplete data or information submitted does not comply with the technical requirements for review, such as: production process validation does not provide information, the preparation of samples for clinical trials and field inspection, production information, or the information provided does not meet the technical requirements. This paper summarizes the frequently asked questions and to make recommendations to advise applicants concerned, timely detection of problems, avoid risk, improving the quality and efficiency of the application for registration.
China ; Drug Approval ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Drug Evaluation ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Humans ; Legislation, Drug ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Biomedical Research ; China ; Preventive Medicine ; Research Support as Topic

Biomedical Research ; China ; Preventive Medicine ; Research Support as Topic

The volatile oils of endophyte isolates R1 (Acremonium sp.) and R2 (Acremonium sp.) from Aqui-laria sinensis were extracted by solvent method. Twenty and sixteen ingredients were identified from the volatile oils of R1 and R2 by GC-MS, respectively. Fatty acids, such as oleic acid, linoleic acid, hexa-decanoic acid etc., were the main components, whereas terpenoids like 1,8-cineole, zingiberene, ar-curcumene were also found in both oils. It’s the first report about the volatile oil constituents of endophyte isolates from A. sinensis.

AIM: To study the effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza injection on rat atherosclerosis (AS), and elucidate the possible mechanism. METHODS: Wistar rats were fed with fat-rich diet and high dose of vitamin D_3 to induce AS, then treated with Salvia miltiorrhiza injection. Concentrations of triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) in serum were measured by automatic serum biochemical assay. The level of ICAM-1 protein and mRNA were determined by Western blot and RT-PCR. RESULTS: Compared with the AS model group, the levels of TG and TC in serum were significantly lower in Salvia miltiorrhiza injection group (P

Background Posterior capsular opacification (PCO)affects the pseudoaccommodation of 1CU accommodative intraocular lens (1CU AIOL).At present,few studies on the effect of PCO and Nd∶ YAG laser capsulotomy on intraocular shifting of 1CU AIOL are published.Objective The present study was to evaluate the effect of PCO and Nd∶YAG laser capsulotomy on the shifting of 1CU AIOL.Methods A respective serial caseobservational study was designed.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to this study.Twentyfour eyes of 20 patients with PCO after phacoemulsification and implantation of 1CU AIOL were included in this study.Ocular examination was performed 3 months after IOL implantation,1 day before Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy and 3 months after Nd∶YAG laser capsulotomy to evaluate the distance corrected near visual acuity(DCNVA).The difference in the anterior chamber depths before and after administering 1％ pilocarpine topical eye drops was measured with the IOLMaster to determine the intraocular shifts of the IOL.The extent of IOL shifting was compared among 3 time points to assess the factors influencing IOL accommodation after 1CU AIOL implantation.Results The shifting amplitude of 1CU AIOL was(0.44±0.21)mm 3 months after implantation of 1CU AIOL,(0.27±0.11)mm 1 day before Nd ∶ YAG laser capsulotomy,and (0.34±0.10) mm 3 months after Nd ∶ YAG laser capsulotomy,showing a significant difference among them(F=7.180,P=0.001).The shifting amplitude of 1CU AIOL significantly declined 1 day before Nd∶YAG laser capsulotomy in comparison with 3 months after implantation of 1 CU AIOL(P =0.006).The shifting amplitude 3 months after Nd∶YAG laser capsulotomy increased slightly in comparison with 1 day before Nd∶YAG laser capsulotomy(P=0.059).DCNVA was(3.1±0.9)J 3 months after implantation of 1CU AIOL,(6.2±0.8) J 1 day before Nd ∶ YAG laser capsulotomy and(3.4±0.7) J 3 months after Nd ∶ YAG laser capsulotomy,with a significant difference among them (F =110.270,P =0.000).DCNVA was lower 1 day before Nd∶ YAG laser capsulotomy than 3 months after implantation of 1CU AIOL(P＜0.05).However,DCNVA was higher 3 months after Nd∶YAG laser capsulotomy than that of 1 day before Nd∶YAG laser capsulotomy (P＜0.05).There was no significant correlations between DCNVA and IOL movement 3 months after IOL implantation,1 day before Nd∶ YAG laser capsulotomy and 3 months after Nd ∶ YAG laser capsulotomy (r1 =-0.150,P1 =0.486,r2 =-0.320,P2 =0.122,r3 =-0.100,P3 =0.633).Conclusions The shifting amplitude of 1CU AIOL markedly declines due to PCO.No clinically significant influence of Nd ∶ YAG laser capsulotomy on the shifting amplitude of 1 CU AIOL is found.DCNVA can improve after Nd∶YAG laser capsulotomy.Multiple inter-related factors concerning pseudophakic accommodation may influence DCNVA.

Aged ; CDX2 Transcription Factor ; Cysts ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Homeodomain Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Keratin-20 ; metabolism ; Mucous Membrane ; pathology ; Peritoneal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Pseudomyxoma Peritonei ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Rupture ; Splenic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery