Infection and inflammatory response can induce the brain damage in neonate,but the mechanism involved in it has not been elucidated completely.Proposed mechanisms include inflammatory response,cytokine and free radical-mediated injury,and excitatory amino acids-induced injury.The activation of microglia and selective vulnerability of immature oligodendrocyte play an important role in the whole process.Recent researches show that the fetal inflammatory response and complex gene regulation are also involved in the infection-induced brain damage.

Ascoviruses, iridoviruses, asfarviruses and poxviruses are all cytoplasmic DNA viruses. The evolutionary origins of cytoplasmic DNA viruses have never been fully addressed. Morphological, genetic and molecular data were used to test if all four cytoplasmic virus families (Ascoviridae, Iridoviridae, Asfarviridae, and Poxvirirdae) evolved from nuclear replicating baculoviruses and how the four virus groups are related. Molecular phylogenetic analyses using DNA polymerase predicted that cytoplasmic DNA viruses might have evolved from nuclear replicating baculoviruses, and that poxviruses and asfarviruses share a common ancestor with iridoviruses. These three cytoplasmic viruses again shared a common ancestor with ascoviruses. Morphological and genetic data predicted the same evolutionary trend as molecular data predicted. A genome sequence comparison showed that ascoviruses have more baculovirus protein homologues than do iridoviruses, which suggested that ascoviruses have evolved from baculoviruses and iridoviruses evolved from ascoviruses. Poxviruses showed genetic and morphological similarity to other cytoplamic viruses, such as ascoviruses, suggesting it has undergone reticulate evolution via hybridization, recombination and lateral gene transfer with other viruses. Within the ascovirus family, we tested if molecular phylogenetic analyses agree with biological inference; that is, ascovirus had an evolutionary trend of increasing genome size, expanding host range and widening tissue tropism for these viruses. Both molecular and biological data predicted this evolutionary trend. The phylogenetic relationship among the four species of ascovirus was predicted to be that TnAV-2 and HvAV-3 shared a common ancestor with SfAV-1 and the three virus species again shared a common ancestor with DpAV-4.

Objective To evaluate the neuroprotective effect and safety of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE)treated with recombinant human erythropoietin(rhEPO).Methods Fifty-three neonates with HIE were randomly divided into rhEPO treated group(n=29) with the dosage of 300 U/(kg?time),three times a week for 2 weeks and control group(n=24)without rhEPO.All supportive measures were same between 2 groups.Neurological scoring was evaluated at d3,d5 and d7 Neonatal behavioral neurological assessment(NBNA) was evaluated at d7,d14 and d28.The neurodevelopment quote was evaluated at age of 3 and 6 months.Blood pressure,liver and renal function,blood electrolytes and blood hemoglobin,platelet and reticular red blood cell count were monitored before and after treatment in all infants.Results The neurological scoring between two groups had no difference at d3.The significant difference was found at d7(P0.05).Conclusions Teraphy with rhEPO on neonatal HIE infants can promote neurological recovery,and there is no serious side effect with rhEPO treatment.

The stromal interaction molecule (STIM)?calcium release?activated calcium channel protein (ORAI) and inositol 1,4,5?trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) play pivotal roles in the modulation of Ca2+?regulated pathways from gene transcription to cell apoptosis by driving calcium?dependent signaling processes. Increasing evidence has implicated the dysregulation of STIM–ORAI and IP3Rs in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. By controlling the activities, struc?ture, and/or expression levels of these Ca2+?transporting proteins, malignant cancer cells can hijack them to drive essential biological functions for tumor development. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the participa?tion of STIM–ORAI and IP3Rs in the biological behavior of cancer remain elusive. In this review, we summarize recent advances regarding STIM–ORAI and IP3Rs and discuss how they promote cell proliferation, apoptosis evasion, and cell migration through temporal and spatial rearrangements in certain types of malignant cells. An understanding of the essential roles of STIM–ORAI and IP3Rs may provide new pharmacologic targets that achieve a better therapeutic effect by inhibiting their actions in key intracellular signaling pathways.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical features of neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM).

METHODThirteen cases with NDM were seen in our department between Jul. 2004 and Sept. 2009. Their clinical features were reviewed retrospectively.

RESULTSThe average birth weight of the 13 cases was 2.30 kg. The median age at diagnosis was 2 months. The mean blood glucose at diagnosis was 22.2 mmol/L. Symptoms in 9 of 13 cases were exacerbated by infection and only 5 had typical symptoms of diabetes mellitus including polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia and body weight loss. The common clinical findings included athrepsia, diuresis, and moderate dehydration. Ketoacidosis attacked 3 cases and 3 children had hypertriglyceridemia, meanwhile, 2 children had complications of blood clotting dysfunction and congenital cardiopathy, respectively. Autoantibody to insulin (IAA) was tested in 11 cases, all but one case was negative. Glycosylated hemoglobin was increased in 6 cases. Insulin treatment was started in all the 13 cases. The initial dose was 0.56-1.00 U/(kg × d), and the maximal dose was 1.35 U/(kg × d) depending on the variety of blood glucose. Blood glucose decreased significantly within 24 hours. Unfortunately, 1 case developed progressive blood glucose decline and recurrent hypoglycemia. Symptoms of the 3 cases who developed DKA were relieved 48 hours later, and their blood glucose was well under control. Among the 8 cases followed up, 4 had TNDM and 2 had PNDM. Unfortunately, 1 case died at the age of 3 months because insulin injection was stopped by the parents.

CONCLUSIONEarly diagnosis and prompt management may lead to favorable prognosis. Blood glucose monitoring is a valuable method to avoid misdiagnosis and NDM should be differentiated from stress hyperglycemia, iatrogenic, or other causes of hyperglycemia.

Blood Glucose ; analysis ; Diabetes Mellitus ; classification ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Retrospective Studies

3-8 years old group(group C2) with 50 cases] were detected.A gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue(GnRHa) stimulation test was performed in 140 girls with IPT.The 140 girls were divided into 3 groups:IPT group,CPP group,and peripheral precocious puberty group(PPP group).Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitneg tests were performed on the data between every groups.Results For basal LH levels,there were significant diffe-rences between IPT1 group and group C1,among IPT2 group,CPP group and group C2(Pa0.05).For peak LH/FSH ratios,there was significant difference between IPT2 group and CPP group(P

From original concept and literature of acupoint, the concept and clinical significance of ashi method is discussed, which clarifies that the essence of ashi method is to locate the acupoints by patients' sensitivity on force. The clinical application of heat-sensitive moxibustion has illustrated that positioning method of this therapy is based on the appearance of heat-sensitive moxibustion sensation. Although both types are based on patients' feeling, positioning method of heat-sensitive moxibustion stands on a new angle and uses a new method to locate acupoint. Therefore, it is believed that the positioning method of heat-sensitive moxibustion is the inheritance and development of ashi method.
Acupuncture Points ; China ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature ; Moxibustion ; history ; methods ; Sensation

Objective To investigate the dietary pattern for aged patients with hypertension in the community and provide basis for implementing the nursing intervention. Methods 104 aged patients with hypertension in one cummunity of Changehun City were sampled to be surveyed by diet questionnaire at random. Results The daily intakes of grain, meat, oils and salt for everyone were (279.9±31.4), (73.1±40.6), (36.9±10.5) and (9.2±3.5) g/d, respectively The daily intakes of fruit, fish and milk were (176.9±115.5), (16.5±14.7) and (120.2±124.1) g/d, respectively. The ratio of carbohydrate, protein and fat was improper. The percentages of energy from fat, carbohydrate and protein were 34%, 54% and 12%, respectively. So, the energy from fat was relatively high, and the energy from protein was reasonable. The daily intake of natrium was excessive. However, the daily intakes of calcium, magnesium, potassium were not enough. Conclusions Compared with Dietary Guideline and Balance Diet Pagoda for Chinese Residents, current dietary pattern for aged patients with hypertension is unreasonable. Reasonable and pertinent nursing intervention should he carried out in order to help aged patients with hypertension acquire correct concepts of dietary and good habits of dietary.

Objective:To investigate the effects of musk-1, a glucoprotein component isolated from the water extract of musk, on some functions of rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes activated by IL-8 in vitro.Method：An in vitro incubation system was used. Superoxide anion production was determined by cytochrome C reduction. β-glucuronidase and lysozyme release was quantitated by enzyme reactions in which phenolphthaleinglucuronic acid and Micrococcus Lysodeikticus were as the substrates, respectively.Results:In comparison with control, musk-1 at concentration 1～100 μg*ml-1 can increase superoxide anion production by 91.7%～291%, and decrease β-glucuronidase and lysozyme release by 2.2%～58.1% and 3.9%～39.8%, respectively.Conclusion:Inhibition of lysosomel enzyme release might be considered as one of mechanisms of antiinflammatory action of musk.

To explore anti-tumor active components of Chimonanthus salicifolius, the phytochemistry of the chloroform fraction from leaves extract was investigated by repeated silica gel column chromatography. Twelve compounds were isolated and their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data analysis as 9-epi-blumenol C(1), blumenol C(2), (+)-dehydrovomifoliol (3), (+)-vomifoliol (4), robinlin (5), (-)-loliolide (6), isofraxidin (7), scopoletin (8), 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin (9), 6, 7, 8-trimethoxycoumarin (10), beta-sitostenone (11), and beta-stigmasterol(12). Compounds 1-6 belonging to nor-sesquiterpenoids were isolated from the family Calycanthaceae for the first time. Compound 1 was a new natural product. Compounds 7, 11 and 12 were obtained from this plant for the first time.
Antineoplastic Agents ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Calycanthaceae ; chemistry ; Chloroform ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry