Objective To evaluate the effect of green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)and ultraviolet B (UVB) on the expression of aquaporin 3 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) signaling pathway in keratinocytes.Methods Twenty healthy human subjects were enrolled in this study.Both legs of each subjects were separated into 4 areas to remain untreated (control area),be topically treated with 3％ and 1％ EGCG cream and the vehicle of EGCG cream respectively once a day for 2 weeks followed by the measurement of skin moisture content and transepidermal water loss (TEWL).Cultured keratinocytes were classified into various groups to be irradiated with different doses (10,20 and 30 mJ/cm2) of UVB,or be pretreated with different concentrations of EGCG (10-7,10-6,10-5 mol/L) or EGFR/ERK phosphorylation inhibitors for 1 hour followed by irradiation with UVB of 30 mJ/cm2.After various durations of additional culture,Western blot was conducted to quantify the expression of AQP3 and phosphorylated-EGFR (p-EGFR) and-ERK (p-ERK) of keratinocytes.Data were processed by SPSS 10.0 software,and statistical analysis was carried out by t test.Results Skin moisture content was significantly increased,while TEWL was decreased in healthy skin after treatment with 1％ and 3％ EGCG cream compared with vehicle-treated skin areas and untreated skin areas.Increased AQP3 expression was observed in keratinocytes pretreated with EGCG of 10-7,10-6,10-5 mol/L (172.36 ± 12.42,320.66 ± 15.51 and 368.10 ± 11.39 vs.100.00,t =12.16,26.75 and 38.62 respectively,all P ＜ 0.05) and in those pretreated with the EGFR inhibitor PD153035 of 1.0 μmol/L and ERK inhibitor U0126 of 10 μmol/L (413.85 ± 25.27 and 268.85 ± 16.33 vs.100.00,t =35.16,19.25 respectively,both P ＜ 0.05)compared with those irradiated with UVB of 30 mJ/cm2 alone.UVB irradiation stimulated the phosphorylation of EGFR/ERK in keratinocytes,and the stimulation was markedly inhibited by the pre-treatment with EGCG of 10-7,10-6 and 10-5 mol/L (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions EGCG can enhance skin barrier function.AQP3 expression is down-regulated by UVB irradiation in keratinoctyes,while EGCG can inhibit the downregulation likely by suppressing the UVB-induced activation of EGFR and ERK.

Objective To study the effect of extended Whipple′s resection for carcinoma of head of pancreas.Methods Seventy-five patients who underwent surgery for carcinoma of head of pancreas were divided into control group(traditional Whipple′s operation,n=38) and study group(extended Whipple′s operation,n=37).The survival,complication,mortality and recurrence rates were compared between the 2 groups.Results In control group and study group,the complication rate was 60.53%and 29.73%;the mortality rate was 5.26% and 2.70%;the recurrence rate was 78.95% and 35.14%;and 3-year survival rate was 15.79% and 35.14%,respectively.Conclusions Extended Whipple′s resection for carcinoma of head of pancreas can decrease postoperative recurrence rate and increase 3-year survival rate.

AIM: To study the protection of extract of Radix Atragali composite against acute hepatic injury. METHODS: Fed with the extract of Radix Atragali composite, m ice were injected with D-galactosamine intraperitoneally (800 mg/kg) and rats were i njected with carbon tetrachloride hypodermically (5 mL/kg) to induce acute hepat ic injury on the 8th day. ALT, AST and bilirubin in serum were examined. Patholo gical changes of liver tissue were observed. RESULTS: Compared with model group, activities of ALT and AST, c oncentrations of bilirubin were markedly decreased and pathological scores also showed that degeneration and necrosis of hepatic cell were lighter in the the ex tract of Radix Atragali composite treatment group. CONCLUSION: The extract of Radix Atragali composite attenuat es hepatic injury induced by D-galactosamine or carbon tetrachloride.

A questionnaire was used to survey the perspective of the 22 mentors,24 students, 27 graduate students and 27 public health units on the competence of MPH student. The result showed that the practice skill,analyzing skill,program plan and practice skill,and emergency reaction abil-ity got more attention. This suggested that to the training of MPH,the training objective should focus on the ability to resolve problems; the curriculum should focus on the characters of public health and on the practice training.

Epidemics of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) have mainly been caused by Coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) and Enterovirus A 71 (EV-A71), which circulated alternatively or together in the affected area. CVA16 has caused numerous outbreaks and epidemics in multiple countries and geographical regions, and has become an important public health problem. Based on an analysis of the complete VP1 coding region, all CVA16 strains can be divided into genotypes A, B1, and B2. Furthermore, genotype B1 can be divided into subgenotypes B1a, B1b, and B1c. After 2000, no reports of genotype B2 virus strains have been reported. All of the CVA16 strains reported in mainland China have belonged to subgenotypes B1a and B1b. Most CVA16-associated infections cause only mild symptoms; however, some CVA16 infections can lead to severe complications and even death. Vaccination is considered to be the most effective method to control the transmission and infection rate of this virus. A number of research groups are studying various vaccine types, including inactivated vaccines, genetic engineering vaccines, and DNA vaccines, amongst others. In this review, an overview is provided of the research advances in molecular epidemiology and vaccines of CVA16.
Animals ; China ; Coxsackievirus Infections ; epidemiology ; immunology ; prevention & control ; virology ; Enterovirus A, Human ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Viral Vaccines ; administration & dosage ; genetics ; immunology

Adenoma ; metabolism ; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Calcium-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Neuroendocrine Cells ; metabolism ; Neuroendocrine Tumors ; metabolism ; Secretagogins ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma ; metabolism

Objective To study the relationship of urine RBC morphology between UF-100 urine sediment analytic instrument andphase contrast microscope.Methods The UF-100 urine sediment analytic instrument to analyze 500 urine specimens and study the relation-ship of urine RBC morphology between urine sediment analytic instrument and phase contrast microscope.Results The according perceptionof Normocytic,Microcytic and Non-classified RBC between phase contrast microscope and UF-100 urine sediment analytic instrument RBC-info are 91.4%,94.4%,83.3% respectively,the according perception between phase contrast microscope and RBC-P70Fsc are 94.9%,95.7%,94.7% respectively,and the according perception between phase contrast microscope and RBC Fsc-DW are 84.4%,86.8%,90.5% respectively,the specificity of UF-100 and phase contrast microscope in glomerular hematuria and non-glomerular hematuria are84.3%,88.1% and 83.3%,87.9% respectively.Conclusion The results show that the UF-100 urine sediment analytic instrument issimply operating,fast and high accurate,and which can instruct clinical dignose,therapy and prognosis judgement.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasound-guided pleural biopsy combined with thoracic biochemical detections in malignant and tuberculous pleural effusions. Methods Sixty-four patients with moderate or large pleural effusions and pleural thickening received the ultrasound-guided diagnostic pleural biopsy. All patients had chest CT enhancement scans to find out the suspicious pleural thickening preoperatively, facilitating the selection of puncture sites by ultrasound. Pleural tissue samples were sent for pathological examinations immediately. After successful achievements of pleural biopsy, ultrasound-guided aspiration or drainage was performed to alleviate symptoms, more importantly, to get pleural effusions for biochemical analysis. Biological results including carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA), CA125, CYFRA21 and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) in malignant and tuberculous effusions were analyzed by group design t tests. The positive rates of CEA, CA125, CYFRA21, LDH in malignant and tuberculous effusions were compared by chi square tests. Results Pleural tissues in all cases were got by one pleural biopsy procedure. The strategy of pleural biopsy we used in this study had a successful rate reaching 100%(64/64), and 73% (46/64) patients had a definitive diagnosis as malignant or tuberculous effusion. Twenty-seven cases were diagnosed as malignant effusions and thirty-seven cases as tuberculous effusions based on the deifnitive clinical diagnosis. The positive rates of CEA, CA125, CYFRA21, LDH in malignant effusions were 100%(27/27), 100%(27/27), 100%(27/27), 89%(24/27) respectively, and 0%(0/37), 84%(31/37), 78%(29/37), 76%(28/37) respectively in tuberculous effusions. The positive rate of CEA between malignant and tuberculous effusions differed signiifcantly (χ2=64.0, P < 0.01), so did CA125 (χ2=3.1, P < 0.01) and CYFRA21(χ2=4.8, P<0.01). The average levels of CEA, CA125, CYFRA21, LDH in pleural effusion were (727.1±658.8)μg/L, (795.2±1249.6)×103 U/L, (296.2±320.7)μg/L, (1077.9±1058.5) U/L respectively, and (1.7±1.1)μg/L, (336.3±208.6)×103 U/L, (20.7±14.9)μg/L, (309.2±182.7) U/L in tuberculous effusions.There were signiifcant differences in CEA, CYFRA21 and LDH concentrations among malignant and tuberculous effusions (t=45.1, 27.4, 18.8 respectively, all P<0.01). Conclusion Ultrasound-guided pleural biopsy combined with CEA, CYFRA21 and LDH in pleural effusions had an important value in the etiological diagnosis of pleural effusions, while CA125 showed little value in the differential diagnosis.

A two-step method for the purification of blocking-type anti-human CD80 monoclonal antibody 4E5 from mouse ascites was developed using anion exchange and gel filtration in combination. The ascites was first purified by anion exchange after centrifugation and filtration. The experimental parameters of sample loading and elution were optimized. The optimized loading condition was pH 8.0,50 mmol/L Tris-HCl and satisfactory results were obtained using a 0~0.5mol/L NaCl step elution. The fraction containing the protein of interest was directly loaded on gel filtration column and eluted using a 20 mmol/L phosphate buffer at pH 7.2. The purity of the obtained monoclonal antibody was up to 95% with a recovery of 61%. The purity of mAb could efficiently inhibit the growth of Daudi cells. The amplification of the method was also studied using a Bio-Scale Q5 column and the result was satisfied.

Three hundred and twenty-one bacteria strains were obtained from rice leaves,stem,root tissue and paddy field soil,of which the number of strains which can inhibit mycelium of Magnaporthe grisea growth markedly was fifty-seven through fermentation in 2.0 mL Eppendorf tube,and among these fifty-seven strains,five strains were strongly antagonistic to Magnaporthe grisea.These five strains was identified for their morphologic,physiological and biochemical characteristics,and the results showed that one strain(No.156)was bacillus subtilis,two strains(No.171 and No.177)were Bacillus pumillus and two strains(No.192 and No.279)were Bacillus ploymyxa.