In the recent 2 decades,the clinical medical mode has been changed greatly.The experience-based medical mode is gradually replaced by evidence-based mode,ie,evidence-based medicine.Large scale clinical trials provide robust evidence for clinical practice and quality control is critical for the success of one trial.We discuss six facets on this subject,including protocol design,staff training,manual formulating,organization,data management and monitoring.The objective of quality control is to ensure the study conducted according to the protocol,the results are reliable and protect the human rights of participants.

OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmacokinetics of domestic zaleplon tablets in Chinese healthy volun?teers.METHODS:20male healthy subjects received a single oral dose of15mg zaleplon tablets.The plasma concentrations of zaleplon were determined by an improved HPLC method.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:The main pharmacokinetic parameters of zaleplon were as follow:C max was55.90?16.20ng/ml,T max was1.05?0.32h,Ke was0.74?0.18h -1 ,T 1/2Ke was1.00?0.29h,AUC 0～8 was123.70?25.64ng?h/ml,AUC 0～∞ was125.20?25.80ng?h/ml.The results are compara?ble to those reported in foreign literature.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Syringomyelia ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo explore the optimal intervention time of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of peripheral facial paralysis.

METHODSTwo hundred and four cases of peripheral facial paralysis were collected in clinic for retrospective analysis. According to the time between the disease onset and the intervention of acupuncture and moxibustion, 3 groups (groups A, B and C) were divided. In group A, the treatment was given in 1 to 3 days after onset; in group B, the treatment was given in 4 to 7 days after onset; in group C the treatment was given in 8 to 10 days after onset. The treatment with acupuncture and moxibustion was applied according to the regular stages of disease in the three groups. At the acute stage, the less points and shallow puncture therapy combined with distal acupoints at the limbs were adopted on the affected side. At the stable stage, the more points and shallow puncture therapy were used on the affected side. At the recovery stage, the deep puncture or penetrating punctures was applied on the affected side. The curative effects was given once every day and the treatment of 10 days made one session. The curative effects were analyzed statistically at the end of three sessions of treatments separately.

RESULTSAt the end of the 1st session of treatment, the total effective rate was 58.8% (40/68) in group A, 69.7% (53/76) in group B and 46.6% (28/60) in group C. At the end of the 2nd session of treatment, the total effective rate was 85.3% (58/68), 90.8% (69/76) and 71.6% (43/60) in group A, B and C separately. At the end of 3rd session of treatment, the total effective rates were 89.7% (61/68), 97.4% (74/76) and 83.3% (50/60) in the three groups separately. The differences were significant statistically at the same session of treatment among three groups (all P<0.05), in which, the results in group B was the best, followed by group A and C in sequence.

CONCLUSIONthe best intervention time of acupuncture and moxibustion is in 4 to 7 days after onset of facial paralysis.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Facial Paralysis ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Climate Change ; Health ; Humans ; Risk Adjustment

Adolescent ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diverticulum, Stomach ; complications ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; diagnosis ; etiology ; pathology ; Gastroscopy ; Humans ; Male

Due to the restriction of the specific situation in China and the concrete conditions of universities,Problem-based learning teaching method failed to gain its popularity in medical education in China.In the era of information globalization,the web-based teaching method relying on the network and taking the PBL as the dominant has many advantages and there is nothing comparable to this.To establish a network of PBL platform in the area of medical education will provide medical education with a new chapter.

Objective To investigate the expression of aquaporin 2 (AQP2) in an endolymphatic hydrops ani-mal model .Methods Forty adult guinea pigs were randomly divided into experiment group and control group (20 animals in each group ) . Guinea pigs in the experiment group were treated with deamino arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) intraperitoneally at the dosage of 4 μg · kg -1 · d-1 for 7 days ,while those in the control group were treated with physiological saline .The endolymphatic hydrops and expression of AQP2 in cochleas of all animals were evaluated by Hematoxylin and Eosin stain ,immunohistochemistry and Western blot .Results The endolymphatic hydrops in the experiment group were more severe than that in the control group(P<0 .05) .Expression of AQP2 were found in the stria vascularis and spiral ganglions in both groups with similar patterns .Both immunohistochem-istry and Western blot showed that the expressions of AQP2 in the experiment group were significantly stronger(P<0 .05 ) .Conclusion DDAVP can up-regulate the expression of AQP2 in the cochleae of guinea pigs ,thus may be closely related to the pathogenesis of endolymphatic hydrops .

330 cases of impacted mandibular third molar were divided into 3 groups,A:younger than 18 years,B:18-25-year-old,C:ol-der than 25-year.Operation time(min)of group A,B and C was 21.95 ±5.86,6.45 ±4.92 and 18.77 ±9.64(B vs A or C,P <0.01), intraoperative complication rates were 2.73%,6.36% and 30.91%(P <0.01),postoperative complication rates were 51.82%,23.64%and 66.36%(P <0.05),respectively.18-25 year-old is the suitable age for removal of impacted mandibular third molars.