To compare posterior choroidal thickness in high myopia amblyopia eyes at different points to high myopia and normal eyes of Chinese children and investigate the relationships between choroidal thickness, axial length and age.METHODS: Fifty Chinese children (65 eyes) with age 4~15 years ( mean 9. 91 ± 3. 41 years) were recruited. By atropine optometry they were divided into high myopia amblyopia group ( 24 eyes ) , high myopia group ( 19 eyes ) , and normal group ( 22 eyes ) . Choroidal scans were obtained for all eyes using enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography ( EDl-OCT) . Subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), macular thinkness, choroidal thickness and retinal thickness at 0. 5, 1. 0, 1. 5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0mm superior (S, 12:00 position), temporal ( T, 9:00 position) , inferior ( l, 6:00 position) , nasal ( N, 3:00 position) were measured. Meanwhile, axial lengths of all eyes were measured by A-Scan. RESULTS: Compared high myopia group and emmetropia group, SFCT and the thickness of choroids on each position were thinnest in high myopic amblyopia group, with statistically significant differences (P<0. 05). There was a significant negative correlation between SFCT and axial length in high myopic amblyopia group (r=-0. 531, R2 =0. 282, F=7. 476, P=0. 013), with no relative in age (r=-0. 292, R2=0. 085, F=2. 044, P=0. 167).CONCLUSlON: The choroidal thickness thinning in high myopic amblyopia shows a negative correlation with axial length.

·AlM:To investigate the retinal thickness change of high myopia amblyopic children, so as to discuss the relationships between the retinal thickness of central fovea of macula and the factors of axis oculi and age. · METHODS:Thirty-nine children ( 65 eyes ) with the average age of ( 9.91 3.41 ) years were recruited.All eyes were ruled out the pathological changes of fundus diseases and front section. After a tropine optometry, they were divided into three groups: high myopia amblyopic group ( 24 eyes ) , high myopia group ( 19 eyes) and normal group ( 22 eyes ) .Retinal scans were obtained for all eyes using Heidelberg optical coherence tomography ( OCT ) . Subfoveal macular thickness, retinal thickness at 0.5mm, 1.0mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3.0mm superior ( S, 12∶00 position), temporal (T, 9∶00 position), inferior (l, 6∶00 position) and nasal (N, 3∶00 position) from the fovea were measured and axial length was also surveyed by A -ultrasound. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate retinal thickness at each location and to correlate subfoveal macular thickness with axial length and age.
·RESULTS:The average subfoveal macular thinkness of the high myopia amblyopic group was thinner than high myopia group but thicker than normal group.There was no statistical difference between three groups (P>0.05). Retinal thickness inferior to the fovea at 0.5mm temporal and superior to the fovea in the high myopia amblyopic group at 1.0mm temporal were both thinner than normal group which had statistically significant ( P <0.05 ). Retinal thickness on nasal, superior, temporal, and inferior at 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3.0mm from the fovea were measured, high myopia amblyopic group were the thinnest in the three groups, and there was statistically significant between three groups ( P<0.05). There was no correlation between the average subfoveal macular thickness and axial length, age in high myopia amblyopic group.
· CONCLUSlON:There are significant abnormalities of macula retinal structure in high myopia amblyopic children.

AIM: To research the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer ( RNFL ) thickness change in high myopia amblyopic children and to discuss the relationships among RNFL thickness, axial length and age.
METHODS:Thirty-five Chinese children (59 eyes) with a mean age of ( 9. 59 ±2. 90 ) years were recruited. All eyes were ruled out the pathological changes of fundus diseases and front section. By atropine optometry after they were divided into: high myopia amblyopia group (22 eyes), high myopia group (15 eyes), normal group (22 eyes) . RNFL scans were obtained for all eyes using optical coherence tomography and axial length was also surveyed by A - ultrasound. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate RNFL thickness at each location with axial length and age.
RESULTS:The peripapillary RNFL thickness in temporal of high myopia amblyopia group was thinner than that in
high myopia group, and thicker than that in normal group. The peripapillary RNFL thickness in nasal, superior, inferior and the average thickness of high myopia amblyopia group were thinner than those in high myopia and normal gruops. The peripapillary RNFL thickness in inferior and average thickness of high myopia amblyopia group were significantly thinner than those of high myopia (P<0. 05). The peripapillary RNFL thickness in nasal, superior, inferior and the average thickness of high myopia amblyopia group were significantly thinner than those of normal (P<0. 01). The peripapillary RNFL thickness in temporal of high myopia group was significantly thicker, and in nasal, superior, inferior and the average thickness were significantly thinner than those of normal (P<0. 05). The thickness of peripapillary RNFL in inferior showed a negative correlation with axial length in high myopia amblyopia group (R=0. 474, R2=0. 225, F=4. 933, P=0. 040). The thickness of peripapillary RNFL in superior showed a negative correlation with axial length in high myopia group (R=0. 642, R2=0. 412, F=9. 104,P=0. 010). These were no correlation between the peripapillary RNFL thickness and age in high myopia amblyopia, myopia amblyopia and normal.
CONCLUSION:There are significant abnormalities of retinal structure in high myopia amblyopia.

OBJECTIVETo compare clinical effects of spinal leveraging manipulation and medicine for the treatment of degenerative scoliosis in pain and function.

METHODSFrom July 2010 to June 2013, 38 patients with degenerative scoliosis were randomly divided into spinal leveraging manipulation group and medicine group by coin tossing. In manipulation group, there were 9 males and 11 females aged from 58 to 74 years old with an average of (66.63±7.73), the courses of diseases ranged from 3 to 8 months with an average of (5.65±2.58), spinal leveraging manipulation(following meridian to straighten tendon,relieving spasm, osteopathy and massage, clearing and activating the channels and collaterals) were performed for 30 min, once a day, 4 days for a period treatment, totally 9 courses. In medicine group, there were 8 males and 10 females aged from 57 to 70 years old with an average of (63.51±6.61) the courses of diseases ranged from 3 to 5 months with an average of (4.82±1.43), celecoxib with eperisone hydrochloride were orally taken, 4 days for a period treatment, totally 9 courses. VAS score, Cobb angle and ODI score were measured.

RESULTSAfter treatment, VAS score in manipulation group was (5.38±0.99), (6.36±1.31) in medicine group,and had significant meaning (t=2.618, P<0.05); there was significant differences in Cobb angle between manipulation group (16.51±4.89)° and medicine group (19.85±5.03) °(t=2.074,P<0.05); and had obviously meaning in ODI score between manipulation group (20.20±2.93) and medicine group (26.01±3.11) (t=5.592, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSpinal leveraging manipulation for degenerative scoliosis could regulate muscle balance on both side of spine, correct coronal imbalances in spine, recover normal sequence of spine, reduce and remove opperssion and stimulation of nerve root, relieve pain in leg and waist and further improve quality of life.

Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Celecoxib ; Female ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Manipulation, Spinal ; Middle Aged ; Propiophenones ; administration & dosage ; Pyrazoles ; administration & dosage ; Scoliosis ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Sulfonamides ; administration & dosage ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To study the effect of aquaporin 1 on intestinal capillary endothelial barrier in rats with experimental acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP).Methods In this study,160 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups:Control group ( n =32),ANP group (n =32),NS group,Dexamethasone group,and Acetazolamide group.Eight rats in each group were sacrificed at 3,6,12 and 18 h after induction of experimental models.Volume of ascites and levels of serum amylases were deternined at each time point.Pathological changes in intestine tissues were observed under electron microscope after HE staining.Capillary permeeabilities in intestine tissues were detected by Evans blue (EB) extravasation experiment.The mRNA and protein expressions of AQP1 in intestine tissue were determined by real-time PCR and Western blotting,respectively.Results Serum amylase level in ANP group was significantly higher than that in control group.Amylase level in dexamethasone group was lower than that in ANP group,and amylase level in acetazolamide group was higher than that in ANP group at 12 h (P ＜0.05 ) ; The concentration of EB in intestine tissues at each time point in ANP group was significantly higher than those in control group,and EB in dexamethasone group was lower than those in ANP group at 6,12 and 18 h.EB in acetazolamide group was higher than that in ANP group at 3 h ( P ＜ 0.05 ) ; The mRNA expression of AQPI in ANP group was significantly lower than that in control group.The expression of AQP1 in dexamethasone group was higher than those in ANP group at 6,12 and 18 h,and the expression of AQP1 in acetazolamide group was lower than that in ANP group at 3,6,12 h in intestine tissue ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Protein expression of AQPI in tissues in ANP group was significantly lower than that in control group.The expression of AQP1 in dexamethasone group increased more than that in ANP group at 3,6,12 h,and the expression of AQP1 in acetazolamide group was lower than that in ANP group at 3 h,6 h ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions The expression of AQP1 is down-regulated in intestine tissue in rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis,and AQP1 could play an important role in the pathogenesis of capillary endothelial barrier dysfunction.

Objective To investigate the infection following the lymphocytes deleted agent (ATG) and IL-2 receptor antagonists (Basilixinab and Daclizumab)-based induction therapy after renal trausplantation.Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on 701 kidney transplant recipients between Jan. 1,2005 to Dec.31,2010.According to exclusive and inclusive criteria,finally 549 patients were evaluated,including 429 patients treated with ATG (ATG group) and 120 patients with anti-CD25 monoclonal antibodies (monoclonal antibodies group; 86 patients with Basiliximab,and 34 patients with Daclizumab).The incidence of acute rejection,infection rate,infection time,hospital stay,severe infection rate and mortality were analyzed.After operation,the patients received an immunosuppression therapy including Tacrolimus (cyclosporine A),Mycophenolate-Mofetil and prednisone to present rejection. Part of the patients were treated with ganciclovir and sulfamethoxazole sulfadiazine and trimethoprim for infection prevention.Results The acute rejection rate in ATG group and monoclonal antibodies group was 15.9％ (68/429) and 10.0％ (12/120),and there was no statistically significant difference (P＞0.05).The infection rate in ATG group was 11.9％ (51/429),including 13.7％ (7/51) with severe infection,and mortality was 7.8％(4/51).The infection rate was 15.0％ (18/120) in monoclonal antibodies group,including 11.1％ (2/18) with severe infection,and mortality was 5.6％ (1/18).There was no statistically significnat difference in infection rate,severe infection rate and mortality between two groups (P＞0.05).The hospital stay in ATG group and monoclonal antibodies group was 25.8 days and 19.1 days respectively (P＜0.05).Dead cases had not received regular anti-infection treatment,and the patients age was over 50 years.Conclusion The infection risk and mortality between these two induction therapies are identical,but hn comparison to the patients using ATG,the infection of patients using anti-CD25 monoclonal antibodies is easier to control.Anti-infection prophylaxis is important to reduce infection rate and decrease infectious mortality.

Shenfu injection is developed by improving dosage form of ancient prescription "Shenfu Tang" and is mainly derived from extracts of both traditional Chinese medicine red ginseng and prepared lateral root of monkshood with polysorbate 80 as auxiliary material. Shenfu injection may be administered through intramuscular injection, intravenous drip or intravenous injection. It produces good effects in restoring Yang and rescuing patients from collapse, tonifying Qi and preventing exhaustion. It is mainly used to treat not only syncope and prostration resulting from sudden Yang collapse (infectious, hemorrhagic and water depletion shock etc), but also pavor, palpitation, dyspnea with cough, stomachache, diarrhea and arthralgia etc caused by deficiency of Yang (deficiency of vital energy). Research group has audited the monitored hospitals and has carried out postmarketing study of Shenfu solution from many aspects including literature review, spontaneous reporting system (SRS) and hospital information system (HIS) data analysis etc. A summary is shown below.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Injections ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods

The rate of corneal graft rejection is still high for high-risk keratoplasty although immune suppression drug is routinely used.The role of traditional Chinese medicine in corneal transplantation is concerned gradually.Heijingpaichitang on the prevention and treatment of rats with high-risk corneal allograft rejection needs further study.Objective This study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of heijingpaichitang on high-risk corneal transplantation immune rejection in rats.Methods Sixteen female SD rats were used as the donors and 32female Wistar rats were served as recipients.The high-risk corneal trasplantation models were established by corneal suture in 32 Wistar rats,and then homogeneity variant SD-Wistar corneal transplantation was performed.The recipients were randomized into model control group,cyclosporinc A (CsA)group,heijingpaichitang group and CsA +heijingpaichitang group.CsA,heijingpaichitang and CsA + heijingpaichitang was orally administered 4 days after operation once per day for 15 days,and normal saline solution was used at the same way in the model control group.Ocular anterior segment reaction was examined under the slit lamp and corneal opacification,edema and neovasculation were scored based on Larkin' s criteria.Rejection index of the corneal graft was recorded and the graft survival time was calculated.The pathological examination of the corneal graft was carried out in all rats,and the inflammatory cells in the corneas and CD4+ cells in the periphery blood were assayed using flow cytometry.The use of the animals complied with ARVO Statement.Results Corneal graft rejection occurred in 10 days after operation in the model control group,12-13 days in the CsA group and heijingpaichitang group and 22 days in the CsA +heijingpaichitang group.Compared with model control group,the scores of the corneal opacification,corneal edema and neovascularization were significantly lower in the CsA group,heijingpaichitang group and CsA+heijingpaichitang group (P＜0.05),and all the scores were declined in the CsA+ heijingpaichitang group compared with CsA group and heijingpaichitang group(P＜0.01),but no significant differences were seen in the scores between the CsA group and heijingpaichitang group(P＞0.05).The mean survival time of grafts was (10.38 ±1.69)days in the model control group,(22.50 ± 3.07) days in the CsA + heijingpaichitang group,with the significant difference (t =-9.790,P =0.000).The pathological examination of graft showed that the lymphocytes and new blood vessels were less in the CsA+heijingpaichitang group compared with CsA group and heijingpaichitang group 15 days after operation.Flow cytometry verified that the number of lymphocytes in graft,CD4+cells and CD4+/CD8+ in periphery blood were significantly lower in the heijingpaichitang group,CsA group and CsA+heijingpaichitang group compared with model control group (P＜0.05).Conclusions Heijingpaichitang can inhibit immune rejection to certain extent in high-risk corneal transplantation rat and has a similar effect to 0.1％ CsA.Heijingpaichitang and 0.1％ CsA have a synergistic effect.

objective To evaluate the influence of HLA matching and new immunosuppressants on pre-venting acute rejection of renal allograft in sensitized recipients. Methods 751 recipients underwent renal transplantation were enrolled in this study including 46 sensitized recipients (study group) with PRA be-tween 10%-90% and 705 non-sensitized recipients (control group) with PRA less than 10% pretransplant. All patients in the study group received induction course (ATG 100 mg/d, 5-7 d) plus triple-immunosup-pressive therapy including FK506 + MMF + steroid. The rate of acute rejection and delayed graft function after renal transplantation was analyzed. The influence of HLA matching on preventing acute rejection was al-so evaluated. Results The acute rejection rate in the study group and control group was 30.43% and 19. 57%, respectively, (P < 0.05). The rate of delayed graft function was 60.86% in the study group, signifi-cantly higher than that of the control group (11.87%). There was no statistically difference of one-year pa-tient / graft survival rotes between the two groups. The average serum creatinin levels at one-year posttrans-plantation were similar between the two groups (130 mmol/dl in the study group and 125 mmol/di in the control group). The average loci of HLA matching in the study group (4.2) was significantly higher than that in the control group (2.8). The acute rejection rate in the study group was significantly higher when lo-ci of HLA mismatch ranging from 2-4 compared with loci of HLA mismatch less than 2. The acute rejection rate was significantly higher in the highly sensitized recipients (PRA ranging from 50% -90% pretmnsplant) than that in the less sensitized (PRA ranging from 10% to 20% pretransplant) in the study group. Patients with higher PRA level posttransplantation were prone to developing acute rejection. Conclusion HLA matching and new immunosuppressants can reduce the incidence of acute rejection in sensitized recipi-ents and increase the survival rate of patients and allografts.

Objective To investigate the incidence of infection and the effect of anti-infection prophylaxis in renal transplanted patients after Basiliximab induction therapy. Methods A total of 204patients who have received renal transplantation and Basiliximab induction therapy from January 1,2001 to December 31, 2010 in our hospital have been retrospective analysed in this study. These patients were divided into a prophylaxis group (118 cases) with Ganciclovir + Sulfadiazine +Trimethoprim therapy and a control group (86 cases) without any anti-infection prophylaxis.Furthermore, 440 transplanted patients in the same peroid without any induction therapy were also analysed. They were also devided into two groups: an anti-infection prophylaxis group (206 cases)and a control group (234 cases) without any anti-infection prophylaxis. Results In the prophylaxis group with Basiliximab induction therapy, there were 23 patients (19. 5 %, 23/118)experienced hospitalization due to infection, 3 cases (13. 0 %,3/23) among them were severe infection, and 3patients (13.0 %, 3/23) died from vital infection. In the non-prophylaxis control group with Basiliximab induction therapy, 27 patients (31.4 %, 27/86) had infection complication, 7 patients (25.9 % ,7/27) among them were severe infection, and 4 patients(14. 8 % ,4/27)died. The incidence of infection between the above two groups is significantly different (P＜0. 05). In the prophylaxis group without induction therapy, the incidence of infection was 15.0 % (31/206), there were no severe infection cases but 7 patients (22. 6 %, 7/31) died from infection. In the non-prophylaxis control group without induction therapy, the incidence of infection was 12. 8 % (30/234), 3 cases among them were severe infection(10. 0 %,3/30)and 5 patients died from infection (16. 7 %, 5/30).The incidence of infection in Basiliximab induced patients without anti-infection prophylaxis is significantly higher than that in patients without induction therapy and anti-infection prophylaxis (31.4 % vs. 12.8 %,P＜0.01). Conclusion Basiliximab induction therapy increased the risk of infection, but not the rate of mortality. It is necessary to give anti-infection prophylaxis in renal transplanted patients with Basiliximab induction therapy.