Objective To investigate the causes and therapeutic method for children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. Methods 72 patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome were treated by adenctonsillectomy, operation and precaution of postoperation complication. Results 62 patients (86.1% )were cure.8 patients(11.1% ) were better. 2 patients(2.7% ) were no change. Conclusion The children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome caused by glandular organ and hypertrophyoftonsil, can improve the surgical results and late results.

Objective To study the effects of long-term use of simvastatin on mechanical ventilation induced lung injury.Methods Forty SPF adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats weighing 300-350 g were randomly divided into four groups (n =10,each):normal saline (NS) control group (group A),mechanical ventilation group (group B),simvastatin control group (group C),and simvastatin + mechanical ventilation group (group D).The rats in groups C and D were treated with simvastatin dissolved in 1 mL NS by gavage with a dose of 10 mg/kg,and the rats in groups A and B were treated with the same volume of NS by gavage for 28 days.Half an hour after the last garage,the rats in groups B and D underwent tracheostomy and intubation for 4 hours,and then received a tidal volume of 30 mL/kg with the respiratory frequency of 40 times/min,inspiratory:expiratory ratio of 1:3,and the rats in groups A and C received tracheostomy and intubation,spontaneous breathing for 4 hours.Four hours later rats were sacrificed by abdominal aorta bloodletting,and the lung tissue was harvested for hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining to observe pathological changes under light microscope.The activity of malondialdehyde (MDA),superoxide dismutase (SOD),and myeloperoxidase (MPO) was determined.The lung wet/dry weight ratio (W/D) and white blood cell (WBC) count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined.The levels of interleukins-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in BALF were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results Under light microscope,the structure of lung tissue was integrity in groups A and C without obvious edema and inflammatory cells aggregation;the pathological changes in lung tissue in group B was obvious;and the alveolar structure was clear in group D,pulmonary edema and inflammatory cells aggregation were significantly reduced as compared with those of group B.Compared with group A,SOD activity in group B was significantly decreased (U/g:17.97±2.27 vs.28.51 ±4.58,P ＜ 0.01),while MDA,MPO,lung W/D ratio and WBC,IL-6,TNF-α in BALF were significantly increased [MDA (μmol/g):5.40 ± 0.71 vs.3.56 ± 0.55,MPO (U/g):1.26±0.29 vs.0.68±0.12,lung W/D ratio:6.60±0.99 vs.4.84±0.26,WBC (× 109/L):6.59±0.82 vs.2.35±1.31,IL-6 (ng/L):207.11± 18.67 vs.123.17±20.15,TNF-o (ng/L):421.38±36.27 vs.207.15±44.39,all P ＜ 0.01].Compared with group B,SOD activity in group D was significantly increased (U/g:22.05±2.45 vs.17.97±2.27,P ＜ 0.05),MDA,MPO,lung W/D ratio,and WBC,IL-6,TNF-α in BALF were significantly decreased [MDA (μmol/g):3.77±0.55 vs.5.40±0.71,MPO (U/g):0.96±0.14 vs.1.26±0.29,lung W/D ratio:5.16±0.42 vs.6.60±0.99,WBC (× 109/L):3.18± 1.24 vs.6.59±0.82,IL-6 (ng/L):147.90±21.70 vs.207.11 ± 18.67,TNF-α (ng/L):237.16±50.83vs.421.38 ± 36.27,all P ＜ 0.01].There were no significant difference in all parameters between group C and group A.Conclusion The long-term simvastatin treatment could significantly reduce lung injury induced by mechanical ventilation in rats,and its mechanism was related with simvastatin reduced oxidation-antioxidant imbalance and the inflammatory cytokines activity changes.

Objective To evaluate the effect of long-term use of simvastatin on aquaporin 5 (AQP5) expression in a rat model of ventilator-induced lung injury.Methods Thirty-two adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 250-280 g, were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=8 each) using a random number table: control group (group C), simvastatin group (group Sim), mechanical ventilation group (group MV) and simvastatin + mechanical ventilation group (group SMV).In C and Sim groups, normal saline 1 ml/d and simvastatin 10 mg · kg-1 · d-1 were injected, respectively, through a gastric tube into stomach for 4 weeks, and then the rats were tracheostomized, and mechanically ventilated, and the animals kept spontaneous breathing for 4 h.In MV and SMV groups, normal saline 1 ml/d and simvastatin 10 mg · kg-1 · d-1were injected, respectively, through a gastric tube into stomach for 4 weeks, and then the rats were tracheostomized, and mechanically ventilated (tidal volume 50 ml/kg) for 4 h.The rats were then sacrificed, and lungs were removed for determination of wet to dry lung weight ratio (W/D ratio), activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) content,and expression of AQP5 protein and mRNA in lung tissues, and for microscopic examination of pathological changes.Results Compared with group C, the W/D ratio, MPO activity, and MDA content were significantly increased, the SOD activity was decreased, and the expression of AQP5 protein and mRNA was down-regulated in group MV (P＜0.01).Compared with group MV, the W/D ratio, MPO activity, and MDA content were significantly decreased, the SOD activity was increased, and the expression of AQP5 protein and mRNA was up-regulated in group SMV (P＜0.01).The pathological changes of lungs were significantly mitigated in group SMV as compared with group MV.Conclusion Long-term use of simvastatin alleviates ventilator-induced lung injury, and the mechanism is related to down-regulated expression of AQP5 in rats.

Objectives:To investigate the changes of portal hemodynamics in patients with liver cirrhosis and its clinical value. Methods:Forty patients with liver cirrhosis and twenty healthy volunteers as controls were involved in this study.The max diameters,mean flow velocity,flow rate and congestion index(CI) of the portal vein trunks(PV) and splenic veins(SV) were detected by Color Doppler Ultrasound in all subjects. Results:The PV diameters(PVD), PVT flow rate(PVF), PVCI and SV diameter(SVD),SV flow rate(SVF),SVCI were significantly highter in patients than in controls( P

BACKGROUND:Basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)can promote production of collagen,fibronectin and matrix enzyme in healing wounds.However,dysregulation of this process,such as the abnormal coordination of cell proliferation,extracellular.matrix and neovasculadzation formation,or remodeling of the wound matrix will lead to excess accumulation of scar tissues.OBJECTIVE:To investigate effects of bFGF on normal skin wound healing and hypertrophic scar formation.METHODS:Normal and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts from tissue biopsies from 5 patients who underwent plastic surgery for repairing hypertrophic scars were isolated and cultured.The expressions of collagen,fibronectin and protein synthesis were detected by RT-PCR and ELISA.The mitochonddal membrane potential changes were measured using JC-1 staining and flow cytometry.Simultaneously,adenosine tdphosphate(ATP)levels were determined by chemiluminescence method.The effects of bFGF on these indexes of normal and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts were observed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Hypertrophic scar fibroblasts become slower after being exposed to bFGF,which selectively inhibited type Ⅰ collagen production in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts(P<0.05).Although bFGF inhibited type]collagen production,it had no effect on type Ⅲ collagen expression in both normal and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts.However,fibronectin expression in the normal fibroblasts was up-reguleted after bFGF treatment(P<0.05).In addition,the mitochonddal membrane potential tended to depolarization,although no statistical difference,in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts treated with bFGF(10 or 100 μg/L).bFGF treatment increased the cellular ATP levels in the normal fibroblasts,while there were no significant alterations in the hypertrophic scar fibroblasts over a treatment of bFGF(10 or 100 μg/L,P<0.05).The results suggest that there are differential effects and mechanisms on the skin fibroblasts with bFGF treatment in normal wound healing and hypertrophic scar formation.

purpose To construct the expression vector of Hexastatin gene,to express and to purify the recombinant protein for further activity research.Methods The human Hexastatin gene was isolated by RT-PCR from EC9706 cells total RNA and cloned into pMDl8-T for sequencing.Then the Hexastatin gene was subcloned into pMAL-c4x expression vector and induced to express by IPTG.The recombinant fusion protein was purified with Amylose Resin Heads.Results RT-PCR product was about 687 bp and its sequence was the same as that of Hexastatin reported.The recombinant protein was expressed in E.coli BL21 with high level and the soluble protein accounted for 24.8% of the total bacterial protein,The purification of recombinant protein purified with Amylose Resin Heads reached more than 90%.Conclusion The cloning,expression and purification of human Hexastatin have laid a foundation for its anti-angiogenesis therapy for tumor.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation between the pathogeneses of diarrhea-pre- dominant irritable bowel syndrome (D-IBS) complicated functional dyspepsia (FD) patients of Gan-stagnation Pi-deficiency Syndrome (GSPDS) and symptoms, psychological states, and gastrointestinal hormones.

METHODSA total of 111 patients with confirmed D-IBS complicated FD of GSPDS were recruited as the treated group by using Rome III standard and Chinese medical syndrome standard. And 30 healthy volunteers were recruited as the control group. The general condition, scoring for digestive symptoms, and the distribution of GSPDS subtype of all subjects were recorded by a questionnaire, and assessed by Symptom Checklist (SCL-90; a software for psychological test developed by Beijing Huicheng Adult Cor- poration). Meanwhile, plasma levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), somatostatin (SS), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), endothelin (ET), interleukin 10 (IL-10), and interleukin 12 (IL-12) were measured in all subjects.

RESULTS(1) The subtype of D-IBS complicated FD of GSPDS was dominant in Pi-qi deficiency type (51/111,45.9%),Pi yang deficiency type (34/111,30.6%), and GSPDS. There was no statistical difference in the scoring of digestive symptoms among the 3 subtypes (P >0.05). (2) Compared with the control group, the anxiety factor score and the total score significantly increased in all three subtypes of D-IBS complicated FD of GSPDS, and the depression score of Pi yang deficiency type and Gan-depression type also significantly increased (P <0.05, P <0.01); the depression score of Gan-depression type was significantly higher than that of the Pi-qi deficiency type (P <0.01). Plasma 5-HT levels were obviously lower in D-IBS complicated FD patients of GSPDS accompanied with anxiety or depression than in those with no obvious psychological abnormalities, and VIP and IL-10 levels were significantly lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). Plasma VIP levels were also obviously lower in D-IBS complicated FD patients of GSPDS accompanied with anxiety or depression than in those with no obvious psychological abnormalities (P <0.01), and SS levels were significantly lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). There was no statistical difference in plasma ET or IL-12 levels in each patient group, when compared with the control group (P >0.05). (3) Compared with the.control group, plasma 5-HT levels significantly increased, plasma VIP and IL-10 levels significantly decreased in ach subtype of D-IBS complicated FD patients of GSPDS (P <0.05, P <0.01), and no significant change of SS, ET, or IL-12 occurred (P >0.05). Besides, plasma 5-HT levels were significantly higher in Gan-depression type than in Pi yang deficiency type, VIP levels were lower in Gan-depression type than in Pi-qi deficiency type (all P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONSGan stagnation and Pi deficiency were dominant in D-IBS complicated FD patients of GSPDS. Psychological abnormalities, increased plasma 5-HT levels, and decreased plasma VIP levels were closely correlated with Gan stagnation subtype, which provided some reference for looking for objective indicators of Chinese medical syndromes in treating D-IBS complicated FD patients of GSPDS.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Diarrhea ; etiology ; Dyspepsia ; blood ; complications ; psychology ; Gastrointestinal Hormones ; blood ; Humans ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; blood ; complications ; psychology ; Psychological Tests ; Qi ; Serotonin ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Yang Deficiency

Objective To investigate the mechanism of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) regulated by differ-ent isoforms of tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) in epileptic hippocampal neurons. Methods Primary hippocampal neu-rons were cultured in vitro for 7 days, and divided into two groups, ALLN (calcineurin inhibitor) group and Anisomycin (trans-lation inhibitor) group. ALLN group included control group, control+BDNF group, epilepsy group, epilepsy+BDNF group, control+ALLN group, epilepsy+ALLN group and epilepsy+ALLN+BDNF group. Anisomycin group was sub-divided into con-trol group, control+BDNF group, epilepsy group, epilepsy+BDNF group, control+Anisomycin group, epilepsy+Anisomycin group and epilepsy+Anisomycin+BDNF group. The immunofluorescent technique was used to identificate the hippocampal neurons. Epileptiform discharges were detected by electrophysiological techniques. Western blot assay was used to deter-mine the protein expression of TrkB and phosphorylated TrkB (p-TrkB) in all cell groups. Results (1) In ALLN group, the gray value of p-TrkB/TrkB was higher in control+BDNF group compared with that of control group, the value was higher in epilepsy+BDNF group than that of epilepsy group but was lower than that of control+BDNF group. The gray value of p-TrkB/TrkB was lower in epilepsy+ALLN+BDNF group than that of epilepsy+BDNF group, but no significant difference compared with that of epilepsy+ALLN group. (2) In Anisomycin group:the gray value of p-TrkB/TrkB was higher in control+BDNF group than that of control group. The gray value of p-TrkB/TrkB was higher in epilepsy+BDNF group than that of epilepsy group, but which was lower than that of control+BDNF group. The gray value of p-TrkB/TrkB was higher in epilepsy+Aniso-mycin+BDNF group than that of epilepsy+BDNF group and epilepsy+Anisomycin group. Conclusion The decreased ex-pression of TrkB.T can improve the inhibition of BDNF/TrkB signaling, and BDNF can activate BDNF/TrkB signal pathway in epileptic hippocampal neurons. The increased TrkB.FL protein level by ALLN can’t improve the inhibition of BDNF/TrkB signal pathway.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of Glutathione in the prevention of ventilator-associated lung injury.Methods 30 mechanical ventilation patients who were healthy before were selected and randomly divided into the two groups.Group A was the high tidal volume group:10mL/kg;group B was used the tidal volume plus the injection of Glutathione(2.4g/d).After 48 hours,we collected lavage fluid and use Coomassie brilliant blue to detect the protein content of alveolar lavage fluid of the two groups.Results There was a significant difference (P<0.01)between the two groups.The protein content in group A[(9.90 ±2.25)g/L]was higher than that of group B [(4.17 ±0.39)g/L],and there was statistically significant (P<0.01).Conclusion Glutathione can reduce the incidence of ventilator-associated lung injury and prevent the occurrence of ventilator-associated lung injury.

Embryo Transfer ; Endometrium ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine