Antibodies, Monoclonal ; analysis ; Biopsy, Needle ; Breast Neoplasms ; chemistry ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; methods ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Quality Control ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; analysis ; immunology ; Receptors, Estrogen ; analysis ; Receptors, Progesterone ; analysis ; Societies, Medical ; Specimen Handling ; United States

Evolution, Molecular ; Methicillin Resistance ; Staphylococcus aureus ; classification ; drug effects ; genetics ; isolation & purification

Objective To investigate the expressions of tyrosine kinase receptor (Trk)B and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein in human gastric careinoma and compare them with those in epithelial cells of normal mucous, in order to evaluate their clinicopathological significance. Method The expressions of TrkB and BDNF protein in tumor tissues, matched with para-tumor mueosal tissues from 64 cases with gastric carcinoma and normal mucous of 20 cases were observed immunohistochemically and related to some of the clinicopathological parameters. Results The positive rates of TrkB and BDNF protein in tumor tissues were 60.9% and 59.4% respectively, but there was negative in matched para-tumor mueosal tissues and normal mucosal tissues. TrkB and BDNF protein expressions were related to invasive depth,lymph node metastasis and TNM stage of cancer, but not to sex, age and degrees of cancerous differentiation.The positive rates of TrkB and BDNF protein in cases with serosal infiltration, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage Ⅲ - Ⅳ were significantly higher than those in cases without serosal infiltration, lymph node metas-tasis, and TNM stage Ⅰ - Ⅱ (P< 0.01 ). In group with metastasis the positive rates of TrkB and BDNF protein were lower in metastatic foci (76.5%, 26/34, 70.6%, 24134) than those in primary tumor (85.3%, 29134,82.4%, 28/34 ), but statistically there was no significant difference between them (P > 0.05 ). Conclusions The expressions of TrkB and BDNF protein are closely relatedto tumorigenesis and progression of gastric carcinoma. The increased expression of TrkB and BDNF may promote the occurrance of local invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma.

Objective:To investigate the protective role of heme oxygenase-1 and its reaction product,carbon monoxide against acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats.Methods: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups with five in each.The control group received a single dose of corn oil injection.Carbon tetrachloride was injected intraperitoneally(i.p) to establish acute liver injury models in rats.Hemin(50 ?mol/kg) was administered i.p.12 hours before CCl_4 treatment,with an aim to induce HO-1 protein expression in the liver of rats.Carbon monoxide was injected i.p.12 hours prior to CCl_4 injection,resulting in about 8%-12% carboxyhemoglobin concentration in vivo.The expression of HO-1 in the liver of hemin-treated rats was determined by western blot method at different time points.At 24 h after carbon tetrachloride administration,all rats were sacrificed to collect blood samples for the examination of ALT,AST levels and to remove liver tissues for analysis of MDA concentration,SOD activity and caspase-3 activity as well as TNF-a contents.In addition,histopathological changes were investigated and hepatocyte apoptosis was detected by TUNEL method.Results: The administration of carbon tetrachloride to rats caused a marked hepatic damage,characterized by significant elevation of serum ALT,AST levels(2 136.3?163.4 U,1 422.7?221.7 U) and liver MDA con-tent(5.28?0.93 ?mol/g),caspase-3 activitiy(optical density value(4.69)?1.02) and TNF-? level(256.3?27.3 ng/L) combined with a remarkable reduction in liver SOD activity(45.9?14.8 U/mg) as compared with the control rats.Histopathological observations revealed severe damage in the liver and prominent hepatocyte apoptosis took place in CCl_4treated rats.However,pretreatment with hemin could induce high expression of HO-1 protein and exert potent protective effects against liver injury,as demonstrated by a significant decrease in ALT,AST levels(287.1?24.3 U,246.2?21.7 U) and MDA concentration(3.27?1.34 ?mol/g),reduction in caspase-3 activity(optical density value 2.49?1.47) and TNF-? level(132.6?19.5 ng/L),as compared with the CCl_4-treated rats.Moreover,hepatocyte apoptosis and liver injury were both attenuated remarkably in the liver of rats pretreated with hemin.In contrast to hemin administration,single injection of exogenous CO produced the same protective effects,as indicated by the remarkable reduction of ALT,AST levels and caspase-3 activity and TNF-a levels.Conclusion: The above results suggest that HO-1/CO system has a potent protective effect on acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats.Induction of HO-1 expression and low concentration of CO can inhibit the progress of hepatic damage,which might be due to the alleviation of lipid peroxidation and reduction of caspase-3 activity or inhibition of TNF-? level.

OBJECTIVETo explore the expression of p-p38 MAPK protein and the number of astrocytes expressing p-p38 MAPK in CA1 hippocampus in rats during the induction of brain ischemic tolerance induced by intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (IH) preconditioning.

METHODSThirty healthy adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 5 in each group): sham 0 min group, IH + sham 0 min group, sham 7 d group, IH + sham 7 d group, Ischemia (Is) 7 d group, and IH + Is 7 d group. Neuropathological evaluation was performed by thionine staining in CA1 hippocampus in rats. The expression of p-p38 MAPK in CA1 hippocampus was observed by immunohistochemical staining. And the number of astrocytes expressing p-p38 MAPK was observed by immunofluorescent double labeling.

RESULTSThe results showed that IH preconditioning induced brain ischemic tolerance successfully. At the same time, IH preconditioning obviously up-regulated the expression of p-p38 MAPK protein in CA1 hippocampus, and also increased the number of astrocytes expressing p-p38 MAPK.

CONCLUSIONIt might be concluded that IH preconditioning induced brain ischemic tolerance by up-regulating the expression of p-p38 MAPK protein in pyramidal neurones and astrocytes.

Animals ; Astrocytes ; enzymology ; pathology ; Brain Ischemia ; enzymology ; pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hippocampus ; enzymology ; Hypoxia ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; methods ; Male ; Phosphorylation ; Pressure ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism

Alcohol-Related Disorders ; metabolism ; Animals ; Benzofurans ; pharmacology ; Glutamic Acid ; metabolism ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the distribution and age-related changes of brain iron content in healthy people using MR quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM).Methods Sixty three healthy right-handed volunteers underwent the routine MRI and SWI scan to get SWI-unfiltered phase images and magnitude images.QSM were reconstructed from the SWI-unfiltered phase images and magnitude images using SMART software.The regions of interest at the bilateral frontal white matter and nuclei (caudate nuclews,globus pallidus,putamen,substantia nigra,dorsal thalamus,red nucleus and dental nucleus) were drawn manually,and the susceptibility was measured.The linear correlation between the susceptibility and iron concentration cited from Hallgren and Sourander's post-mortem brain study was calculated.Wilcoxon test were applied to calculate the difference between the bilateral frontal white matter and bilateral nuclei.The correlation of age with susceptibility of bilateral frontal white matter and bilateral nuclei were analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.Results The median susceptibility (extent) of frontal white matter,caudate nucleus,globus pallidus,putamen,dorsal thalamus,substantia nigra,red nucleus and dentate nucleus of 63 healthy people were-12.81 (-31.56,8.72),39.27 (22.35,75.13),93.99 (19.19,158.75),29.16 (4.11,81.53),2.91 (-27.80,27.95),83.14 (38.57,185.79),63.49 (13.83,142.09),63.30 (36.78,128.53) ppb (× 10-9),respectively.There was high consistency with Hallgren and Sourander's study (r=0.91,P＜0.05).The susceptibility of globus pallidus was the highest,followed by substantia nigra.The least susceptibility was seen in the frontal white matter.The susceptibility of right caudate nucleus,substantia nigra,red nucleus and dental nucleus was higher than that of left side (Z value was-3.18,-4.44,-3.70 and-2.64,respectively,P＜0.05).The susceptibility of bilateral globus pallidus of the male was significantly different from that of the female (Z value was-2.27 and-2.42,respectively,P＜0.05).There was positive correlation between age and the susceptibility of bilateral caudate nucleus,putamen,red nucleus and dental nucleus (r value was 0.30 to 0.49,P＜0.05).Conclusions QSM based on the SWI-unfiltered phase and magnitude images can clearly display the cerebral nuclei and evaluate the brain iron content accurately,which is consistent with the histopathological results.Iron content of bilateral caudate nucleus,putamen,red nucleus and dental nucleus increase with aging.

Objective To study the chemical constituents from the flowers of Arundina graminifolia and to find its bioactive compounds.Methods The compounds were extracted by 95％ alcohol and isolated by column chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20.The structures were identified by spectroscopic analysis (1H NMR,13CNMR and EIMS).Results Eight compounds were obtained and identified as (1) 7-hydroxy-2,4-dimethoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene;(2)coelonin;(3)4,7-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-9,10-dihydro-phenanthrene;(4)ephemeranthoquinone;(5)densiflorol B;(6)4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone;(7) stigmasterol,(8) β-sitosterol.Conclusion Among them,compound 6 is discovered for the first time from the plant.

Objective To explore the impacts of over-expression of microRNA-7 (miRNA-7) on the sensitivity of cis-platin in esophageal carcinoma cell line TE-1, and the possible mechanism thereof. Methods Lipofectmin 2000 method was used to transient transfect with miRNA-7 mimic into esophageal cancer cell line TE-1, which was taken as transfection group, mimic negative control was taken as transfection conrtol group. The expressions of miRNA-7 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA were detected by RT-PCR in the above two groups and normal control group. The total EGFR and EGFR in cytoplasmic and nucleus were detected with Western blot assay in transfection group and transfection control group. CCK-8 was used to detect IC50 of cisplatin in transfection group and transfection control group. The expression of EGFR was observed with immunofluorescence confocal microscope in two groups. Results The miRNA-7 expression was signifi-cantly increased in transfection group than that of transfection conrtol group and control group. The expression of EGFR mRNA was significantly reduced in transfection group (P<0.001). The total EGFR was significantly decreased in transfec-tion group than that of transfection conrtol group. The level of nuclear EGFR was significantly increased ( P<0.01),and cyto-plasm EGFR expression was significantly decreased in transfection group than that of transfection control group ( P<0.05). CCK-8 results showed that after the over expression of miRNA-7 in TE-1, the IC50 of cisplatin (48 h) increased in transfec-tion group than that of control group (P<0.01). Immunofluorescence results showed that EGFG in nuclear was higher in transfection group than that of transfection control group but its expressions reduced in cell membrane and cytoplasm. Con-clusion The over-expressed miRNA-7 in esophageal cancer cells TE-1 can reduce cisplatin sensitivity by the increased EGFR in nuclear translocation.