A test was conducted to examine the effect of several electron donors such as glucose, sodium acetate, Fe0, Fe0+glucose and Fe0+sodium acetate on reductive dechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) through inoculating the unacclimated anaerobic mixed bacteria. The optimum condition and sus-tainability of Fe0 as electron donor was also been discussed. The results showed that, Fe0+glucose enhanced the dechlorination of contaminant effectively compared to glucose. Sodium acetate, Fe0 and Fe0+sodium acetate were all effective electron donors and Fe0 was the optimum, the optimum initial pH was 8.0 and quantity of added Fe0 was 2.0 g/L. 4-CP was the mainly intermediate product for 2,4-DCP dechlorination. Fe0 could support the electron for reductive dechlorination of 2,4-DCP continuously. In contrast, when so-dium acetate as electron donor, the effect of dechlorination was inferior to Fe0 with the consumption of sodium acetate.

Objective:To investigate the protective role of heme oxygenase-1 and its reaction product,carbon monoxide against acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats.Methods: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups with five in each.The control group received a single dose of corn oil injection.Carbon tetrachloride was injected intraperitoneally(i.p) to establish acute liver injury models in rats.Hemin(50 ?mol/kg) was administered i.p.12 hours before CCl_4 treatment,with an aim to induce HO-1 protein expression in the liver of rats.Carbon monoxide was injected i.p.12 hours prior to CCl_4 injection,resulting in about 8%-12% carboxyhemoglobin concentration in vivo.The expression of HO-1 in the liver of hemin-treated rats was determined by western blot method at different time points.At 24 h after carbon tetrachloride administration,all rats were sacrificed to collect blood samples for the examination of ALT,AST levels and to remove liver tissues for analysis of MDA concentration,SOD activity and caspase-3 activity as well as TNF-a contents.In addition,histopathological changes were investigated and hepatocyte apoptosis was detected by TUNEL method.Results: The administration of carbon tetrachloride to rats caused a marked hepatic damage,characterized by significant elevation of serum ALT,AST levels(2 136.3?163.4 U,1 422.7?221.7 U) and liver MDA con-tent(5.28?0.93 ?mol/g),caspase-3 activitiy(optical density value(4.69)?1.02) and TNF-? level(256.3?27.3 ng/L) combined with a remarkable reduction in liver SOD activity(45.9?14.8 U/mg) as compared with the control rats.Histopathological observations revealed severe damage in the liver and prominent hepatocyte apoptosis took place in CCl_4treated rats.However,pretreatment with hemin could induce high expression of HO-1 protein and exert potent protective effects against liver injury,as demonstrated by a significant decrease in ALT,AST levels(287.1?24.3 U,246.2?21.7 U) and MDA concentration(3.27?1.34 ?mol/g),reduction in caspase-3 activity(optical density value 2.49?1.47) and TNF-? level(132.6?19.5 ng/L),as compared with the CCl_4-treated rats.Moreover,hepatocyte apoptosis and liver injury were both attenuated remarkably in the liver of rats pretreated with hemin.In contrast to hemin administration,single injection of exogenous CO produced the same protective effects,as indicated by the remarkable reduction of ALT,AST levels and caspase-3 activity and TNF-a levels.Conclusion: The above results suggest that HO-1/CO system has a potent protective effect on acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats.Induction of HO-1 expression and low concentration of CO can inhibit the progress of hepatic damage,which might be due to the alleviation of lipid peroxidation and reduction of caspase-3 activity or inhibition of TNF-? level.

Alcoholism ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; Learning ; drug effects ; physiology ; Male ; Memory ; drug effects ; physiology ; Phytotherapy ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; genetics ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

Antibodies, Monoclonal ; analysis ; Biopsy, Needle ; Breast Neoplasms ; chemistry ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; methods ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Quality Control ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; analysis ; immunology ; Receptors, Estrogen ; analysis ; Receptors, Progesterone ; analysis ; Societies, Medical ; Specimen Handling ; United States

Objective To investigate the risk factors of pneumorrhagia and pneumothorax occurring after CT-guided cutting needle biopsy for pulmonary solid nodules.Methods The clinical data and imaging materials of 320 patients with pulmonary solid nodule (≤3 cm),who received 16 G semi-automatic cutting needle biopsy,were retrospectively analyzed.Both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis methods were used to evaluate the risk factors of pneumorrhagia and pneumothorax.Results The incidence of needle track hemorrhage was 33.1％ and the incidence of pneumothorax was 18.1％,the diagnostic accuracy for benign and malignant nodules was 99.6％.Needle track length was an independent risk factor for pneumorrhagia;every increase of 3 cm in needle track length,the risk of pneumorrhagia would increase 3.881 times,besides,the risk of pneumorrhagia had a parallel relationship with the time used for puncturing (P=0.061) as well as with the number of pleural puncturing (P=0.062).The age,lesion's location and needle-pleural angle were independent risk factors for pneumothorax.Each increase of 10 years in age,the risk of pneumothorax would increase 2.102 times.The pneumothorax risk of pulmonary lesion located at upper lung lobe was strikingly lower than that of pulmonary lesion located at lower lung lobe.Each increase of 20 degrees in needle-pleural angle,the risk of pneumothorax would increase 2.413 times.Emphysema was excluded from the equation because it had only a minute difference (P=0.086).Based on the pneumorrhagia and pneumothorax probability values,ROC curves of pneumorrhagia and pneumothorax were drawn,and AUC values of pneumorrhagia and pneumothorax were 0.753 and 0.725 respectively.Conclusion The occurrences of pneumorrhagia and pneumothorax after CT-guided cutting needle biopsy for pulmonary solid nodules are affected by many factors.Careful preoperative evaluation and skilled intraoperative manipulation can effectively reduce the incidence of pneumorrhagia and pneumothorax.

Anastomosis, Surgical ; Anastomotic Leak/surgery* ; Drainage ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Suction

Alcohol-Related Disorders ; metabolism ; Animals ; Benzofurans ; pharmacology ; Glutamic Acid ; metabolism ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; metabolism

Objective To study the chemical constituents from the flowers of Arundina graminifolia and to find its bioactive compounds.Methods The compounds were extracted by 95％ alcohol and isolated by column chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20.The structures were identified by spectroscopic analysis (1H NMR,13CNMR and EIMS).Results Eight compounds were obtained and identified as (1) 7-hydroxy-2,4-dimethoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene;(2)coelonin;(3)4,7-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-9,10-dihydro-phenanthrene;(4)ephemeranthoquinone;(5)densiflorol B;(6)4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone;(7) stigmasterol,(8) β-sitosterol.Conclusion Among them,compound 6 is discovered for the first time from the plant.

Objective To investigate dynamic changes of heme oxygenase-1 and carbon monoxide in acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrach loride(CCl_4)in rats.Method Male SD rats were randomly allocated to induce acute liver injury by CCl_4 injection.Hepatic HO activity was examined at different time point following CCl_4 treatment.Expression and location of HO-1 protein was determined by western blot and immunohistochemical methods.Serum ALT,AST levels and hepatic SOD,MDA concentrations were also analyzed.Results Administration of CCl_4 to rats caused a marked hepatic damage,characterized by significant elevation of serum ALT,AST levels and liver MDA content combined with a remarkable reduction in liver SOD activity.HO activity was elevated significanfly in a time-dependant manner after CCl_4 injection,while the expression of HO-1 protein increased remarkably from 6 to 36 hours.CO concentration in the liver homogenate of control rats remained very low but was elevated significantly after CCl_4 treatment,which was in accordance with changes of HO-1. Conclusions HO-1 activity and protein expression as well as CO production are higher in rats with acute liver injury induced by CCl_4 than in control group.HO-1/CO system plays an important role in the pathogenesis of acute hepatic damage and may have potent protective effect against liver injury.

Objective To explore the significance of dysplasia and cytogenetic changes to the diagnosis and typing of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).Methods The dysplasia performance of each series in every isoforms was observed by the bone marrow aspiration and peripheral blood smear to the 132 patients with MDS. At the same time do the chromosome karyotype was analizad combined with morbidness cells and chromosome karyotype abnormal analysis associated with MDS subtype. Resuits Acorrding to the dysplasia ≥0.10, the totle detection rate of granulocyte series, erythrocyte series and megakaryocytic was 43.4 ％.The morbidness granulocyte and megalokaryocyte ≥0.10was mainly in RCMD (P ＜ 0.01); morbidness erythrocytes≥0.10 mainly in RA + RARS (P ＜ 0.01). the totle detection rate of chromosome karyotype abnormal in MDS was 44.0 ％.The detection rate in RA and RARS was lower than other isoforms,but showed no statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).the relationships of dysplasia and chromosome karyotype abnormal with the isoforms of MDS:in RA group,50.0 ％(3/6) patients had karyotype abnormal simultaneous the detection of morbidness cells≥0.10, 76.0 ％(19/25) in RCMD group and 60.9 ％(14/23) in RAEB group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Theve is relationships between the patients with chromosome karyotype abnormal and dysplasia ≥0.10 and the isoforms of MDS. Closely monitoring the hemopoiesis and cytogenetic changes is significance to diagnose MDS.