Objective To study the correlation between laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) and voice disorders . Methods One hundred and three patients with reflux -related symptoms were recruited .The patients were evalu-ated with reflux symptom index (RSI) ,reflux finding score (RFS) evaluation and 24-hour dural-probe pH moni-toring .Eighty -nine cases with voice disorders were divided into 5 groups :vocal process granuloma (n=18) chron-ic pharyngolaryngitis (n=19) ,vocal polyps (n=15) ,vocal fold leukoplakia (n=21) and Reinke's edema (n=16) . The other 14 patients without voice disorders were the control subjects .Results According 24-hour dural -probe pH monitoring assessments ,48 .3% of the patients with voice disorders showed LPR positive .The positive rate in the vocal fold leukoplakia group (71 .4% ) and Reinke's edema group (75 .0% ) were significantly higher than the control group (35 .7% ) .RSI and RFS of the patients with Reinke's edema were both significantly higher than the control group(P=0 .020 ,P=0 .009) .RSI of the patients with chronic pharyngolaryngitis were significantly higher than the control group (P=0 .019) .The acid reflux episodes ,acid reflux time which except in the supine position of the vocal fold leukoplakia group were significantly higher than the control group .The acid reflux episodes ,acid ex-posure and acid reflux time which all except in the supine position of the Reinke's edema group were significantly higher than the control group .Conclusion The correlations between Reinke's edema ,vocal fold leukoplakia and LPR were stronger .In these two groups ,the acid reflux episodes were higher and acid reflux times were longer .

Objective Gastrointestinal rehydration is a simple and effective method in treatment of burn shock during war-time, fire disaster and other harsh conditions , and practice has proved the exact curative effect of HCO 3 salt sugar liquid .This article was to investigate the effect of pyruvate-enriched oral rehydration solution ( Pyr-ORS ) on intestinal mucosal blood flow ( IMBF ) , activity of Na +-K+-ATPase and intestinal absorption rate during en-teral resuscitation of a 35% TBSA third-degree scald in rats . Methods 90 male rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: scald without fluid resuscitation ( S group ); sham scald resuscitated with HCO3 salt sugar liquid ( SS HCO3 group ); sham scald resuscitated with Pyr-ORS ( SS Pyr-ORS group ); scald resuscitated with HCO 3 salt sugar liquid (S HCO3 group); scald resuscitated with Pyr-ORS (S Pyr-ORS group) (n=18).Each group was divided into 2 subgroups of 1.5 and 4.5 h after scald injury.Intestinal absorption rate of water and Na +, IMBF and activity of Na +-K+-ATPase were detected on each group . Results Compared with shame scald groups , the intestinal absorption rates of water and Na +decreased ob-viously in scald groups with fluid resuscitation (P<0.05);at 1 h after scald injury, the intestinal absorption rates of water and Na +in S Pyr-ORS groups were both higher than those in S HCO 3 groups(P<0.05).Compared with shame scald groups , IMBF and activity of Na+-K+-ATPase at 1.5 and 4.5 h after scald injury decreased obviously in scald groups with fluid resuscitation (P<0.05); at 1.5 and 4.5 h after scald injury, IMBF in S Pyr-ORS groups (95.250 ±5.096/112.765 ±7.215) were greater than those in S HCO3 group (80.764 ±7.852/94.671 ±8.469), which was of statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion Pyr-ORS is a simple and effec-tive method in treatment of burn shock during wartime , fire disaster and other harsh conditions .

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the therapeutic effects of VSD combined with irrigation of oxygen loaded fluid on the growth of granulation tissue and macrophage polarization in chronic venous leg ulcers.

METHODSThiry-four patients with chronic venous leg ulcers hospitalized in our department from December 2010 to July 2014 were divided into VSD group ( A, n = 11) , VSD + irrigation group ( B, n = 11) , and VSD + oxygen loaded fluid irrigation group ( C, n = 12) according to the random number table. After admissian, debridement was performed, and granulation tissue in the center of the wound was harvested during the operation. After dehridement, the patients in group A were treated with VSD only (negative pressure from -30 to -25 kPa, the same below) ; the patients in group B were treated with VSD combining irrigation of normal saline; the patients in group C were treated with VSD combining normal saline loaded with oxygen irrigation (flow of 1 L/min) . On post treatment day (PTD) 7, the VSD devices were removed. Cross observation was conducted before debridement and on PTD 7. On PTD 7, the granulation tissue in the center of the wound was harvested for histopathological observation with HE staining and Masson staining, following calculation of granulation tissue coverage rate. After debridement but before the negative pressure therapy (hereinafter referred to as before treatment) and on PTD 7, partial pressure of oxygen of the skin around the wound was measured by transcutaneous tissue oxygen tension survey meter. On PTD 7, expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VECF) was determined with immunohistochemistry. Before treatment and on PTD 7, cells with double positive expressions of induced nitric oxide synthase plus CD68 ( type I macro- phage) and arginase 1 plus CD68 ( type II macrophage) were observed with immunofluorescence staining and quantified. Data were processed with Fisher's exact test, one-way analysis of variance, covariance analysis, paired test, and LSD test.

RESULTS(1) The gross observation showed that before debridement there was a certain amount of necrotic tissue and little granulation tissue in the wounds of patients in all the 3 groups. On PTD 7, new granulation tissue was found in the wounds of patients in all the 3 groups, and in group C its amount was the largest. (2) On PTD 7, the granulation tissue coverage rate of wounds in pa- tients of group C was higher than that of group A or B ( P <0.05 or P <0.01). (3) On PTD 7, HE staining showed that there appeared more abundant new born microvessels and fibroblasts in the wounds of patients in group C than those in groups A and B; Masson staining showed that there was more abundant fresh collagen distributed orderly in the wounds of patients in group C compared with group A or B. (4) On PTD 7, it was found that partial pressure of oxygen of the skin around the wounds in patients of group C [(40.7 +/- 4.1) mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa] was higher than that of group A [ (35.0 +/- 3.1) mmHg] or B [(35.4 +/- 2.7) mmHg, with P values below 0.01]; the partial pressure of oxygen of the skin around the wounds of patients in all the 3 groups was increased significantly compared with that before treatment (with values from 10.38 to 22.52, P values below 0.01). (5) On PTD 7, the expression of VECF in the wounds of patients in group C was higher than that in group A or B ( P <0.05 or P < 0.01). (6) On PTD 7, the number of type I macrophages in granulation tissue of patients was respectively 14.3 +/- 2.3, 11.5 +/- 3.0, and 10.7 +/- 2.3 per 400 times vision field in groups A , B, and C ( F = 25.14, P < 0.01), while the number in group C was less than that in group A or B ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Compared with that before treatment, the number of type I macrophages was significantly decreased on PTD 7 in all the 3 groups (with values from 14.76 to 23. 73, P values below 0. 01). On PTD 7, the number of type II macrophages in granulation tissue of patients was respectively 32.7 +/- 3.2, 35.1 +/- 3.3 , and 41.3 +/- 3.2 per 400 times vision field in groups A, B, and C ( F = 81.10, P < 0.01), and the number in group C was lager than that in group A or B ( with P values below 0. 01). Compared with that before treatment, the number of type II macrophages in all the 3 groups was significantly increased (with t values from -69.34 to -47.95, P values below 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSVSD combined with irrigation of oxygen loaded fluid can raise the partial pressure of oxygen of the skin around the wounds effectively, promoting the transition of macrophages from type I to type II, thus it may promote the growth of granulation tissue, resulting in a better recipient for skin grafting or epithelization.

Debridement ; Drainage ; Granulation Tissue ; Humans ; Leg Ulcer ; etiology ; surgery ; Macrophages ; Microvessels ; Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy ; methods ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; Oxygen ; Skin ; Skin Transplantation ; Skin Ulcer ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome ; Vacuum ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Veins ; Wound Healing

Objective To study the cellular immune function in children with kawasaki disease(KD).Methods T lymphocyte subcytes,levels of serum interleukin 2(IL-2) and soluble interleukin 2 receptor(sIL-2R) were determined by APAAP,ELISA met-hods,and a double-antibody “sandwich” enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay respectively in 60 cases.Results During the acute stage of KD,the percentage of CD4 +,the ratio of CD4 +/CD8 +,levels of IL-2 and sIL-2R increased markedly,while the percentage of CD3 + and CD8 + decreased significantly compared with the controls.These changes were more remarkable in patients subsequently developed coronary artery aneurysms than in those with normal appearing coronary artery.Conclusion Marked activation of cellular immune function and immune regulation disorders develop in acute stage of KD patients.

The number of new chemicals increases tremendously annually, while traditional time-and cost-consuming toxicity tests based on animals with the uncertainty of extrapolation could not meet the demand of hazard identification and risk assessment. Thus,the evolution of methodology for toxicity tests is desired to fill up the huge data gap. With the rapid development of life science and technology,the insights into the nature of life and pathology of diseases have changed and systematic toxicology has emerged. Equipping with the advantages of multi-disciplinary study,systematic toxicology expands the research fields of toxicology and accelerates the speed of illustrating molecular mechanism of environmental xenobiotics, biomarkers screening and validation, and the development of new methods for risk assessment. Toxicogenomics and computational toxicology analysis are the major technology of systematic toxicology. Computational toxicology integrates data from toxicogenomics to construct multi-levels and multi-dimensional models for quantitative exposure risk assessment. This research summarized the research progress of computational toxicology from the aspects of research strategies, common databases, analytical tools, research methods and application, so as to provide references for the risk assessment of chemical substances.

Objective: To investigate the effect of denture stomatitis of selective laser melting (SLM) titanium alloy for removable partial denture frameworks. Methods : Twenty patients with dentition defects in our hospital were divided into two groups according to the different methods of creating a removable partial denture framework: the SLM group and casting group. The success rate, placement rate, masticatory efficiency and incidence of denture stomatitis were compared. Experimental data were analyzed with SPSS20.0. Results : The success rate of the SLM framework group was 100.00%, which was higher than that of the casting group (90.00%) (P ＜ 0.01). The rate of framework placement in the SLM group was slightly lower than that in the casting group (P ＜ 0.05). The masticatory efficiency of the SLM group was higher than that of the casting group (0.783 ± 0.030 vs. 0.699 ± 0.037, P ＜ 0.001). The incidence of denture stomatitis (10.00%) in the SLM group was significantly lower than that in the casting group (30.00%) (P ＜ 0.001). Conclusion SLM is superior to the traditional casting method in mastication efficiency and reducing the incidence of denture stomatitis. This method can meet the clinical requirements, but the accuracy of the long-term stent needs to be improved.

OBJECTIVETo study the role of NY-ESO-1 and LAGE-1 cancer-testis antigens as targets for immunotherapy and the relationship between corresponding gene expression and biologic behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

METHODSThe expression of NY-ESO-1 and LAGE-1 was studied in frozen tumor tissues from 30 cases of HCC by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. NY-ESO-1 expression and its distribution were further studied by immunohistochemistry in a tissue array contained 191 cases of HCC.

RESULTSNY-ESO-1 and LAGE-1 mRNAs were expressed in 33.3% (10/30) and 16.7% (5/30) of HCC respectively. Either NY-ESO-1 or LAGE-1 was expressed in 36.7% (11/30) cases. NY-ESO-1 was expressed mainly in the cytoplasm of tumor cells. It was positive in 13.8% (24/174) cases of HCC. There was an increased expression of NY-ESO-1 from 6.8%, 3/44 in small HCC, 16.2%, 21/130 in advanced HCC and 23.1%, 12/52 in metastatic HCC. The expression in the non-metastatic group was 9.8% (12/122). The differences between the metastatic group and non-metastatic group (< 0.05) and between normal liver tissue and HCC (< 0.01) were statistically significant. There was no relationship between NY-ESO-1 expression and tumor size. NY-ESO-1 and LAGE-1 were not detected in adjacent normal liver tissue.

CONCLUSIONSNY-ESO-1 and LAGE-1 are expressed in a high percentage of HCC, especially in cases with metastasis. It is thus possible that NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1 can serve as targets for antigen-specific immunotherapy in HCC and NY-ESO-1 peptide vaccination may be of use for patients with advanced HCC.

Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Antigens, Surface ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Liver ; metabolism ; pathology ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Staging ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics

Recent studies revealed that apoptotic cells are actively involved in immunosuppression and anti-inflammation. After being phagocytosed by macrophages, apoptotic cells can actively regulate cytokines secretion from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages, in which the secretion of immunosuppressive cytokines such as interleukin-10 (IL-10) is increased while the pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa), interleukin-1beta (IL-1b) and leukin-8 (IL-8) are suppressed. In this paper, we first present evidence that phagocytosed apoptotic cells regulate cytokine secretion of LPS-stimulated macrophages, but also inhibit the activation of T lymphocytes stimulated by ConA. These data suggest that apoptotic cells can alter the biological behavior of macrophages which gain immunosuppressive property.
Animals ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte ; metabolism ; Apoptosis ; immunology ; Chemokine CXCL2 ; Chemokines ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Concanavalin A ; pharmacology ; Cytokines ; biosynthesis ; Female ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance ; In Vitro Techniques ; Jurkat Cells ; Lectins, C-Type ; Lipopolysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; drug effects ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Phagocytosis ; Receptors, Interleukin-2 ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; immunology ; T-Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; biosynthesis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between microRNA and drug resistance in leukemia treatment by screening and identifying the microRNAs which differentially express in K562 cell line and its adriamycin resistant cells-K562/A02 cell line.

METHODSThe drug resistance potency of K562/A02 cells was evaluated by MTT assay. P-gp expression of K562 and K562/A02 cells were detected by flow cytometry (FCM). The differentially expressed microRNAs in K562 and K562/A02 cells were analyzed by microarray technique and Real Time RT-PCR.

RESULTSThe resistance to adriamycin (ADM) of K562/A02 cells was 180 fold greater than that of K562 cells. P-gp expression rate of K562 and K562/A02 cells was 0.2% and 86%, respectively. Twenty-two microRNAs expressed differentially in K562 and K562/A02 cells (P < 0.01). As compared to K562 cells, expressions of miR-221, miR-155 and miR-451 were up-regulated by more than two fold, while expression of miR-98, miR-181a, let-7f, let-7g, miR-424 and miR-563 down-regulated by more than two fold in K562/A02 cells. The results of real time RT-PCR were consistent with that of microarray. Of note, differential expressions of miR-451, miR-155, miR-221, let-7f and miR-424 were remarkable.

CONCLUSIONK562/A02 cells show a different microRNA expression profile as compared to its parental K562 cells, suggesting microRNAs including miR-221, miR-155, miR-451, let-7f and miR-424 may be involved in the mechanism of drug resistance in leukemia. These differentially expressed microRNAs provide potential novel targets for overcoming drug-resistance.

Doxorubicin ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; MicroRNAs ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo study the plasma HCII activity and antigen level variations and their relationship with arterial and deep venous thrombotic diseases.

METHODSSeventy-five patients with brain infarction (BI), 50 myocardial infarction (MI), 36 deep venous thromboembolic disease (DVT) and 50 healthy controls were entered in this study. Plasma HCII activity was measured with chromogenic substrate method and the HCII antigen level by Western blotting assay. Plasma antithrombin (AT) activity was detected for the HCII deficiency individuals with DVT using chromogenic substrate method.

RESULTSThere was no significant difference in the mean plasma HCII activity and antigen levels between BI group [(99.97 +/- 21.14)% and 0.96 +/- 0.24], MI group [(98.18 +/- 29.35)% and 0.95 +/- 0.20] and healthy controls [(96.80 +/- 20.11)% and 0.93 +/- 0.19]. The plasma HCII activity and antigen concentrations in patients with DVT [(89.57 +/- 17.12)% and 0.87 +/- 10.18] tended to be decreased as compared with healthy controls, but they were not significant. No significant difference was found for the prevalence of HCII deficiency between patient groups and control group. The HCII deficiency individuals with DVT had normal AT activity and fibrinogen concentration.

CONCLUSIONSPlasma HCII deficiency may not be the risk factor for arterial thrombosis in the Han population of Hunan Chinese. It is needed to further confirm if decreased plasma HCII is correlated with venous thrombosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Blotting, Western ; Cerebral Infarction ; blood ; etiology ; Female ; Heparin Cofactor II ; analysis ; deficiency ; immunology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; blood ; etiology ; Venous Thrombosis ; blood ; etiology