Adult ; Endometriosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Ovarian Cysts ; diagnostic imaging ; Ovarian Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; Teratoma ; diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography

Objective To investigate the effect of triptolide on the proliferation, apoptosis and and H3K4me3 protein expression in multiple myeloma KM3 cell.Methods The MM KM3 cell line was cultured with triptolide.Cell proliferation was detected by MTT method .Apoptosis was evaluated by Annexin -V -FITC/PI -labeled flow cytometry and confocal microscopy.The expression of H3K4me3 in KM3cells was assayed by Western blotting and confocal microscopy.Results Triptolide had obvious inhibition on proliferation of KM 3 cells and showed a dose and time dependence.Triptolide had obvious inhibition on apoptosis of KM 3 cells,and with the increase of triptolide concentration , the apoptosis ratio increased gradually. The the total apoptosis rates were (48.97 ±1.78 )%, ( 53.72 ±2.21 )% and ( 60.75 ±2.43 )%.Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed H 3K4me3 accumulated in the nucleus, after 48 h intervention of 80 nmol· L-1 of triptolide, the mean value of fluorescence intensity of H3K4me3 in KM3 cells (21.96+0.34 ) was significantly lower than that in the control group ( 39.86 ±0.47 ) ( P <0.05 ) .Conclusion Triptolide inhibited cell proliferation, induced cell apoptosis, reduced the expression of H3K4me3 protein.

AIMTo study the relaxation mechanisms of tetrandrine (Tet) on the corpus cavernosum smooth muscle.

METHODSThe corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells from New Zealand white rabbits were cultured in vitro. [Ca(2+)](i) was measured by Fluorescence Ion Digital Imaging System, using Fluo-2/AM as a Ca(2+)-sensitive fluorescent indicator.

RESULTSTet (1, 10 and 100 micromol/L) had no effect on the resting [Ca(2+)](i) (P>0.05). In the presence of extracellular Ca(2+) (2.5 mmol/L), Tet (1, 10 and 100 micromol/L) inhibited [Ca(2+)](i) elevation induced by high K(+) and phenylephrine (PE) in a concentration-dependent manner (P>0.05). In calcium free solution containing egtaic acid, Tet (1 and 10 micromol/L) had no inhibitory effects on [Ca(2+)](i) elevation induced by PE (P>0.05). However, Tet (100 micromol/L) inhibited [Ca(2+)](i) elevation induced by PE (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONTet inhibited the Ca(2+) influx from the extracellular site via voltage-activated Ca(2+) channel and alpha(2)-adrenoceptor-operated Ca(2+) channel. At a high concentration, Tet might inhibit the cytosolic calcium pool release in cultured corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells. This inhibitory action on [Ca(2+)](i) might be one of the relaxation mechanisms of Tet on the corpus cavernosum smooth muscle.

Alkaloids ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Benzylisoquinolines ; pharmacology ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Cytosol ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Muscle Relaxation ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; metabolism ; Penis ; cytology ; metabolism ; Phenylephrine ; pharmacology ; Potassium Chloride ; pharmacology ; Rabbits

OBJECTIVEThe expanded programme on immunization (EPI) is an important part of the social commonwealth projects providing health care service by the government, which benefits communities. Government has the responsibility for EPI's financing which should be covered by the national budget. It is essential that the cost of EPI service be scientifically estimated to provide propriety information for policy makers.

METHODSThis study, using the cost accounting theory of health economics, to calculate EPI service cost at different levels. 3 provinces, 3 prefectures, 9 counties, 18 towns and 12 villages were selected from three provinces Guizhou, Heilongjiang and Zhejiang from the western, central and eastern regions of the country.

RESULTSThe average costs for one EPI-targeted child in Guizhou, Heilongjiang and Zhejiang, were 15.68 Yuan, 29.00 Yuan and 31.09 Yuan, and the costs for one dose were 10.99 Yuan, 18.64 Yuan and 16.51 Yuan, respectively. The costs for complete immunization program for one child were 131.88 Yuan, 242.32 Yuan and 280.67 Yuan, respectively. The main factors affecting the cost would include the average personnel cost (salary and benefit cost) by different economic levels of areas, the number of EPI items developed, and the number of total doses for one child.

CONCLUSION(1) Obvious differences were found between different areas. (2) The proportion of the cost was not reasonably set because of the shortage of input. (3) Guideline for different areas to compensate the working item cost according to the number of the items should be formulated.

China ; epidemiology ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Health Expenditures ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Immunization Programs ; economics ; organization & administration ; Population Surveillance ; methods ; Program Evaluation ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Vaccination ; statistics & numerical data

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic features and biologic behavior of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with rhabdoid features.

METHODSTen cases of RCC with rhabdoid features collected during the period from 1995 to 2005 were enrolled into the study. The clinical findings were analyzed and the hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections were reviewed. Immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy were also performed.

RESULTSThe age of patients ranged from 33 to 69 years (mean age = 52 years). Nine of the patients were males and 1 female. Five patients showed evidence of perinephric invasion. Two patients presented with regional lymph node metastases and 1 patient showed distant metastasis to the lung. Histologically, the rhabdoid foci were characterized by loosely cohesive trabeculae, acini, lobules and clusters of rhabdoid cells in otherwise clear cell RCC (9 cases) or papillary RCC (1 case). The rhabdoid cells were round to polygonal in shape and contained globular eosinophilic inclusion bodies in the cytoplasm, eccentric nuclei, vesicular chromatin pattern and prominent nucleoli. Coagulative tumor necrosis was commonly seen. Immunohistochemical study showed that the rhabdoid cells were diffusely positive for CD10 (10/10), cytokeratin AE1/AE3 (10/10), epithelial membrane antigen (10/10) and vimentin (10/10). Focal staining for neuron-specific enolase and S-100 protein was also noted. They were negative for CK7, CK20 and myogenic markers (including myogenin, smooth muscle actin and muscle-specific actin). The mean Ki-67 labeling index of the rhabdoid component was higher than that of the non-rhabdoid component (P < 0.05). Follow-up information was available in 8 patients. While 6 patients are still alive without recurrence, 2 patients died of the disease 6 and 29 months respectively after the operation.

CONCLUSIONSRCC with rhabdoid elements are mainly observed in clear cell RCC and need to be distinguished from oncocytic renal tumors and malignant rhabdoid tumor of kidney. The higher proliferative activity in the rhabdoid areas may indicate more aggressive biologic behavior.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Keratins ; metabolism ; Kidney Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mucin-1 ; metabolism ; Nephrectomy ; Neprilysin ; metabolism ; Rhabdoid Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Vimentin ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE: Five measurements of the calcaneus taken on digital radiography (DR) of adults of Han Population of Sichuan Province were selected to determine sex by multivariate discriminant analysis. METHODS: Lateral radiographs of calcaneus taken from 393 subjects were collected. The samples were randomly divided into the experimental group (148 males and 186 females) and the examined group (26 males and 33 females). Five measurements were taken from the radiography. The analysis of variance (AVON) was carried out to determine if there was significant difference between the male and female. The discriminant functions were drawn by Fisher discriminant analysis. The effects of all obtained functions were evaluated with the examined samples. RESULTS: There was statistically significant difference in the five measurements between the males and the females (P<0.05). Six groups of discriminant functions were obtained with an accuracy ranged from 78.4% to 88.9%. When applied on the examined samples, the sex discriminant accuracy varied from 79.7% to 86.4%. CONCLUSION These five measurements acquired from the lateral radiographs of calcaneus could be used for sex assessment during forensic identification of individuals.
Calcaneus/diagnostic imaging* ; Discriminant Analysis ; Female ; Forensic Anthropology/methods* ; Humans ; Male ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; Sex Determination by Skeleton ; Young Adult

Objective This panel study aimed to determine the acute effects of exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on schoolchildren's pulmonary function.Methods We selected 51 schoolchildren aged 9–12 years attending a full-time boarding school in Beijing, China, measured the indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations for five consecutive days, calculated the PM2.5 time-weighted individual exposure levels based on the school micro-environmental concentrations and the time activity pattern recorded by schoolchildren, measured schoolchildren's pulmonary function on the fifth day. The survey was performed three times from December 2018 to April 2019. We used a linear mixed-effects model to evaluate the associations between PM2.5 and pulmonary function.Results During the three surveys, the median PM2.5 time-weighted individual exposure concentrations were 15.30 μg/m3, 48.92 μg/m3, and 42.89 μg/m3, respectively. There was a significant difference between the three surveys in vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) (P <0.05). The relevance analysis found that PM2.5 had lag effect on schoolchildren's pulmonary function, each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 could cause largest decreases in FEF25％–75％, FEV1/FVC, FEF75％, and FEV1 on lag 0–1 d (80.44 mL/s, 35.85％, 78.58 mL/s, and 61.34 mL, respectively), and largest decreases in FEF25％ on lag 1 d (83.68 mL/s), in VC on lag 4 d (32.34 mL), and in FVC on lag 0–4 d (37.76 mL). Gender subgroup analysis revealed that the increase in PM2.5 caused a decrease in FEV1/FVC and VC on the day of physical examination only in boys, and on lag days it caused changes in different pulmonary function indicators, both for boys and girls, but most of the pulmonary function indicators decreased more in boys than in girls.Conclusion Our findings show that acute PM2.5 exposure has significant effects on pulmonary function within 0–4 d, on both small airway indicators and large airway indicators. Boys' pulmonary function is more sensitive to PM2.5 than girls.

The paper is about the study on efficiency and operation cost of 11 research oriented CT systems in Shanghai zone. The study result include the average volume, annual operation cost, cost per scan and break-even-point. It reveals that the research oriented CT system purchase price and operation cost is high. The suggestion is that the hospital should be cautious to select the research oriented CT system with consideration of clinical research demand to avoid unsuitable investment.
Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; economics

OBJECTIVETo study the relaxants effects of six extractions from Chinese Herbs (neferine, tetrandrine, kakonein, scutellarin, ginsenoside Rgl and ginsenoside Rb1) on the corpus cavernosum tissue of rabbit in vitro.

METHODSIsolated stripes of rabbit corpus cavernosum tissue were precontracted with 10(-5) mol/L phenylephrine (PE). Relaxation in response to cumulative doses of six extracts at (10(-8) - 10(-3)) mol/L was determined.

RESULTSOn rabbit cavernosal muscle stripes precontracted with PE, neferine, tetrandrine, kakonein and scutellarin showed dose dependent relaxation. IC50 values were 4.60 x 10(-6), 3.73 x 10(-5), 8.03 x 10(-4) and 3.33 x 10(-3) mol/L, respectively. However, in the meantime, it was found that the relaxant effects of ginsenoside Rgl and ginsenoside Rbl less significant to stripes precontracted with PE. When the final concentration was 10(-3) mol/L, the relaxations were only (16.32 +/- 5.45)% and (11.21 +/- 3.10)%.

CONCLUSIONAmong the six extracts which showed relaxant effects to rabbit cavernosal muscle stripes precontracted with PE, neferine had greater functions than the other five extracts.

Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Muscle Contraction ; drug effects ; Penis ; drug effects ; physiology ; Rabbits