Anion Exchange Protein 1, Erythrocyte ; metabolism ; Breast ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Female ; Fibrocystic Breast Disease ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism

UNLABELLEDTo study the effect of S-3307 on the yield and main ingredients of Alisma plantago-aquatica.

METHODThe contents of 24-acetyl alisol A and the 23-acetyl alisol B in tuber were determined by HPLC.

RESULTSThe contents of 24-acetyl alisol A and the 23-acetyl alisol B as well as yield were significantly increased in all groups applied with different concentrations of S-3307 comparing with control group. The optimal concentration of S-3307 was 80 mg x kg(-1). The residues of S-3307 was detected under 0.316 8 mg x kg(-1) (detecting limit).

CONCLUSIONThe optimal concentration of S-3307 is 80 mg x kg(-1), it reached the best result when applied 36 d after seedling.

Alisma ; chemistry ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Cholestenones ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Plant Growth Regulators ; pharmacology

To explore an efficient strategy for further development of anticancer fluoroquinolone candidates derived from ciprofloxacin, a heterocyclic ring as the bioisosteric replacement of C3 carboxyl group led to a key intermediate, oxadiazole thiol (5), which was further modified to the bis-oxadiazole methylsulfides (7a-7h) and the corresponding dimethylpiperazinium iodides (8a-8h), respectively. Structures were characterized by elemental analysis and spectra data, and their anticancer activities in vitro against CHO, HL60 and L1210 cancer cells were also evaluated by MTT assay. The preliminary results show that piperazinium compounds (8) possess more potent activity than that of corresponding free bases (7).
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; CHO Cells ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Ciprofloxacin ; chemistry ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Drug Design ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Leukemia L1210 ; Molecular Structure ; Oxadiazoles ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Piperazines ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology

An efficient modified route based on the targeting mechanism of antibacterial fluoroquinolones for the shift from the antibacterial activity to the antitumor one was further developed. Using a fused heterocyclic ring, s-triazolothiadiazine as a carboxyl bioisostere of ciprofloxacin, the title compounds, 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-7-piperazin-1-yl-3-(6-substituted-phenyl-7H-[1, 2, 4]triazolo[3, 4-b][1, 3, 4]thiadiazin-3-yl)-quinolin-4(1H)-ones (5a-5e) and their corresponding N-acetyl products (6a-6e), were designed and synthesized, separately. Meaningfully, a ring-contraction of fused six-membered thiadiazine occurred by a sulfur extrusion reaction gave new tri-acetylated fused heterocycles related to pyrazolo[5, 1-c][1, 2, 4] triazoles (7a-7e). The in vitro antitumor activity against L1210, CHO and HL60 cell lines was also evaluated for the synthesized fifteen heterocycles compared to parent ciprofloxacin by methylthiazole trazolium (MTT) assay. Interestingly, the results displayed that fifteen fused heterocyclic compounds showed more significant growth inhibitory activity (IC50 < 25.0 micromo x L(-1)) than that of parent ciprofloxacin (IC50 > 150.0 micromol x L(-1)), and the active order decreased from 7a-7e to 5a-5e to 6a-6e, respective.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; CHO Cells ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Ciprofloxacin ; pharmacology ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Fluoroquinolones ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Leukemia L1210 ; pathology ; Mice ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Thiadiazines ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Triazoles ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology

Objective To find out whether conversation analysis helps to differentiate psychogenic nonepileptic seizure (PNES) from epileptic seizure in Chinese patients.Methods Twelve unselected patients from Peking Union Medical College Hospital during 2014 to 2016 with diagnostic uncertainty were included.Interactions following standard protocol were carried out.A linguist blinded to all medical data and a neurologist studied videos and transcripts of the interactions.Using a diagnostic scoring aid which includes 17 conversation features summarized from previous researches, they attempted to predict the medical diagnosis of those patients independently.Results Accurate diagnosis was predicted in 10/12 patients by both raters.Average scores of patients with epileptic seizures were 8.00 (linguist) and 6.75 (neurologist), while average scores of paitents with PNES were-5.75 (linguist) and-7.88 (neurologist).Both raters agreed on most individual items (81.86%, 167/204).To demonstrate different features between these two groups, a case comparison was made between one patient with frontal lobe epilepsy and one patient with PNES.Conclusion In Chinese patients, conversation analysis can help differentiate between epileptic seizure and PNES.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of "Xuebijing injection" (Xuebijing in brief) on expression of hepatic high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) and acute liver injury in rats with scald injury.

METHODSSeventy-eight rats were divided into sham scald group (n = 18), scald group (n = 30), and Xuebijing treatment group (n = 30). Rats in the latter 2 groups were subjected to 30% full-thickness scald injury followed with delayed resuscitation. These rats were sacrificed at 8th, 24th, and 72nd post-injury hour (PIH) to collect specimens. The hepatic pathological changes were observed. Serum levels of ALT and AST were detected. HMGB1 mRNA level in hepatic tissue was detected by the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Protein relative expression quantity of HMGB1 in hepatic tissue was determined with Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Outcomes were denoted in integral absorbance ratio and absorbance value respectively.

RESULTSMassive infiltration of inflammatory cells in hepatic tissues was observed in scald group under light microscope, especially at 24th PIH, and it was decreased in quantity in Xuebijing treatment group. Compared with those of sham scald group, both mRNA and protein expressions of HMGB1 in hepatic tissue of scald group were significantly enhanced during 8-72 PIH (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), along with markedly increased serum levels of ALT and AST (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Compared with those in scald group at 24h and 72nd PIH, hepatic HMGB1 mRNA expressions (0.75 +/- 0.12 vs. 0.60 +/- 0.15 and 0.78 +/- 0.11 vs. 0.55 +/- 0.07, respectively) and protein values (200 +/- 13 vs. 163 +/- 13 and 175 +/- 14 vs. 160 +/- 16, respectively) in Xuebijing treatment group were markedly down-regulated (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), and serum levels of ALT and AST decreased in different degrees (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSHMGB1, the delay-appearing inflammatory mediator, is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory response in hepatic tissue in severely scalded rats. Treatment with Xuebijing can markedly down-regulate hepatic HMGB1 expression and protect liver against acute injury induced by delayed resuscitation.

Animals ; Burns ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; HMGB1 Protein ; metabolism ; Liver ; pathology ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo observe the expression and distribution of adult rat axon guidance cues Netrin-1 and Slit2 at different time points after spinal cord injury and to investigate the guidance mechanism of regenerated axons.

METHODSTwenty adult Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided randomly into five groups with 4 in each. Four groups of them were used to make Allen's spinal cord punch models and we took materials randomly from one of them on the 2nd, 4th, 7th and 14th day respectively after operation. The left one group was taken as the control group. Immunofluorescence laser confocal scan was used to examine the co-expression and localization of Netrin-1 and Slit2 proteins in the injured site of the spinal cord.

RESULTSWithin two weeks after SCI, the expression of Netrin-1 and Slit2 proteins increased temporarily and there was co-expression of them on the neuron plasma membrane.

CONCLUSIONSSynchronous high expression and co-expression of axon attractant Netrin-1 and repellent Slit2 are found in the adult rat injured spinal cord in the damaged local and vicinity parts, and probably, they act as the key regulators of axon guidance regeneration.

Animals ; Female ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; analysis ; Male ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Nerve Growth Factors ; analysis ; Nerve Regeneration ; physiology ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; analysis ; Netrin-1 ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; analysis

Objective To study the effects of high pressure environment on human cochlea, so as to supplement inadequate study on cochlea behavior under high pressure conditions due to insufficient experimental methods, and provide new ideas for the targeted research on cochlea in future. Methods Based on CT scan images of normal human cochlea and combined with self-compiling program and the software PATRAN, a three-dimensional finite element model of spiral cochlea was constructed. The fluid-solid coupling frequency response analysis and transient response analysis were made by using NASTRAN. The effect of high pressure on cochlea was then investigated by numerical simulation. Results The simulated results of ratio of displacement at 12 mm from basilar membrane to that at the oval window were consistent with those reported in the literature, which verified the correctness of the model. In high pressure environment, the amplitude of cochlea basilar membrane at characteristic frequency point would decrease with the pressure increasing. Conclusions High pressure conditions can ultimately lead to the loss of human hearing. The research findings provide the theoretical support for developing high pressure buffer devices in clinic.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the racial and ethnic disparities in the incidence of gastric cancer and their temporal trends in the United States. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using data from 13 cancer registries in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, we assessed such disparities during 1992-2014 in the United States using a variety of disparity metrics. RESULTS: The age-standardized incidence rate of non-cardia gastric cancer was highest in Asian and Pacific Islanders, while the incidence of cardia gastric was highest in non-Hispanic whites in men and was similarly low in all groups in women. The incidence of non-cardia gastric cancer decreased in all groups over time, particularly in Asian and Pacific Islanders (on average by 3% per year). The incidence of cardia gastric remained relatively stable in virtually all racial/ethnic groups. The racial and ethnic disparities in gastric cancer incidence steadily decreased over time as measured on the absolute scale, which was mainly driven by the reduced disparities in non-cardia gastric cancer. The range difference in the incidence of gastric cancer decreased on average by 4.1% per year in men and by 2.6% per year in women from 1992 to 2014. The between group variance decreased by 5.6% per year in men and by 3.4% per year in women. The relative-scale disparity measures generally remained stable over time. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates decreased racial and ethnic disparities in the incidence of gastric cancer over time in the United States, particularly as measured on the absolute scale.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cardia ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Registries ; Stomach Neoplasms ; United States

Objective : To explore the spatial distribution of occupational diseases in Guangdong Province and to provide evidence for the policy development of occupational disease prevention and control. Methods : A database of occupational disease incidence from 2009 to 2016 in Guangdong Province was built. The distribution of occupational diseases in Guangdong Province was displayed based on the geographic information system（GIS）, then spatial autocorrelation analysis and trend-surface analysis were carried out to explore the clustering areas and spatial epidemic characteristics of occupational diseases in Guangdong Province. Results : The number of cases with occupational diseases was 5 231 and was increasing year by year from 2009 to 2016 in Guangdong Province. The high-incidence areas were located in Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Foshan and Dongguan. Through global spatial autocorrelation analysis,it was found that there were spatial clustering of occupational diseases in Guangdong Province in each year（P<0.05）,and the cumulative incidence was also clustered（Moran's I=0.492,P<0.05）. The number of cases in Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Foshan and Dongguan had local spatial autocorrelation,and the local Moran's I values were 10.329,8.614,3.725 and 9.811,respectively（P<0.05）. The results of trend surface analysis showed that the overall incidence of occupational disease had a slight increase from west to east,and the Pearl River Delta region was a high-incidence area. Conclusion The incidence of occupational diseases in Guangdong Province had an obvious spatial clustering,the Pearl River Delta region was a high-incidence area.