Objective　To evaluation the application value of two-phase enhanced spiral CT in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Methods　Two-phase enhanced spiral CT was performed in 27 cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. After plain CT examination, performed arterial phase（25s after infusion）and portal venous phase（60～70s after infusion）with a 150ml bolus injection of contrast material at 3ml/s. CT attenuation values of tumor and normal pancreas in all scanning phase were obtained and the tumor-pancreas contrast was calculated. Results　Mean tumor enhancement were 48±8 HU（arterial phase）and 72±6 HU（portal venous phase）, normal pancreas enhancement were 125±18 HU、98±11 HU, mean tumor-pancreas contrast was significantly differenced on arterial phase （73±21 HU）and portal venous phase （25±12 HU）. Conclusion　Excellent tumor-pancreas contrast is obtained with arterial phase scans, as such it is of significance reference value for diagnosis pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Equipment Failure ; Humans ; Nickel ; Root Canal Preparation ; instrumentation ; Titanium

[Objective] To explore whether necroptosis is involved in the mechanism of lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion.[Method] Thirty-two healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups (n--8):sham operation group (sham group),isehemia/ reperfusion group (I/R group),necroptosis inhibitor necrostatin-1 group (Nec-1 group) and solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group (DMSO group).Model of intestinal I/R injury was produced by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 1.5 h followed by 6 h reperfusion in rats.Necrostatin-1 1.0 mg/kg was administered 30 min before occlusion in Nec1 group,while the equal volume of DMSO was given instead in DMSO group.The rats were sacrificed at 6 h of reperfusion and the lung tissues were removed for measurement of wet-dry ratio and microscopic examination and scored.The expression of receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1) and receptor-interacting protein 3 (RIP3) in lung tissues was detected using Western-blot and immunohistochemistry.[Result] Compared with sham group,lung morphology score and wet/dry ratio in I/R,DMSO group raised (P ＜ 0.05).Lung morphology score and wet/dry ratio statistically declined in Nec-1 group compared with I/R and DMSO group (P ＜ 0.05),while there was no statistical difference of wet/dry ratio between sham group and Nec-1 group (P ＞ 0.05).As the result of westernblot and immunohistochemistry showed,the expression of RIP1 and RIP3 was up-regulated in I/R group and DMSO group (P ＜0.05),which was inhibited by Nec-1 in Nec-1 group (P ＜ 0.05).[Conclusion] Necroptosis is involved in the mechanism of lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion,and Nec-1,the special inhibitor of RIP1,can reduce the injury.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the in vitro transdermal absorption properties of galangin and effects of different pene-tration enhancers on its transdermal behaviors,and provide reference for developing skin preparations using galangin as APIs in the treatment of vitiligo. METHODS:HPLC was used to determine the galangin content. Using cumulative permeation rate (Q) and the transdermal rate(J)of galangin as indexes,the effect of absorption of receiving solution [20%,40% polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400)solution and 30% ethanol solution] and rotating rate(200,300,400 r/min)on galangin in complete skin of mice were investigated,as well as the azone(1%,3%,5%)and propylene glycol(10%,20%,40%)alone or combination on its penetra-tion promotion. And the transdermal properties of galangin in complete skin,exfoliating skin,dermis skin of rats and mice were de-tected. RESULTS:The best permeability of complete skin of mice showed in 40% PEG400 solution at rotating speed of 300 r/min with 5% azone alone,J was 3.2570 μg/(cm2·h). Js of complete skin,exfoliating skin,dermis skin of mice were 2.7199,34.016, 33.874 μg/(cm2·h),respectively;and those of rats were 0.4996,9.5124,17.406 μg/(cm2·h). CONCLUSIONS:Galangin can penetrate the complete skin of mice and rats,however,the penetration quantity is far lower than exfoliating skin and dermis skin.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility, efficacy, and safty of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in treatment of uppergastrointestinal ectopic pancreas. Methods 36 uppergastrointestinal ectopic pancreas were treated with ESD from January 1 2012 to November 30 2014. The definitive histological diagnosis of ectopic pancreas was made after the endoscopic treatment. We analyzed the operation method, dissected tissue, complication, retrospec-tively. Results 34 cases were located in stomach, the other 2 in duodenum. All cases underwent ESD, the mean op-erating time was 66 min. The mean dissected tissue diameter was 21 mm × 16 mm in the 36 cases. The curative re-section rate was 100.00 %. Bleeding rate of ESD was 2.77 %(1/36). Perferation rate of ESD was 2.77 %(1/36). 2 cases suffered from low grade fever. None need surgical intervention. Recurrence rate was 0.00%. Conclusions ESD is a minimally invasive technique that allows resection of whole lesions and provides precise histological information, which is particularly suitable for uppergastrointestinal ectopic pancreas.

AlM:To investigate the prevalence and related high risk factors of retinal vessels disease of native Tibetan among the aged 40 and above in Maqin county, Qinghai province, China.
METHODS:The cluster sampling method was used to investigate the visual acuity and retinal vessel diseases of the native Tibetan among the aged 40 and above in Maqin county.
RESULTS:Totally 2 511 individuals were underwent the survey, among them, 29 cases (37 eyes) were of retinal vessel diseases, the prevalence was 1. 15%, 21 cases (23 eyes) were retinal vein obstruction (0. 84%), 5 cases (10 eyes) were diabetic retinopathy ( 0. 20%), 3 cases ( 4 eyes) were retinal vasculitis (0. 12%). The blindness and low vision of retinal vessels disease were 23 eyes (0. 92%).
CONCLUSlON:All the hypertension, hyperglycemia, erythrocytosis, high altitude and weight are the high risk factors of retinal vessel diseases which are the main eyes fundus disease could grow blind.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the reason and strategy for failure of posterior pedicle screw short-segment internal fixation on thoracolumbar fractures.

METHODSFrom March 2008 to December 2010,the clinical data of 18 patients with thoracolumbar fracture failed in posterior pedicle screw short-segment internal fixation were retrospectively analyzed. There were 11 males and 7 females with an average age of 37.2 years (ranged, 19 to 63). The time from the first operation to complication occurrence was from 6 to 44 months with an average of 14.3 months. Of them,fusion failure was in 7 cases (combined with screw breakage in 4 cases), the progressive neuro-dysfunction was in 5 cases,the progressive lumbodorsal pain was in 6 cases. All 18 patients with kyphosis were treated with anterior internal fixation remaining posterior fixation (9 cases) and anterior internal fixation after posterior fixation removal (9 cases).

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up from 18 to 50 months with an average of 30.5 months. No intetnal fixation loosening and breakage were found, moreover, X-ray and lamellar CT showed bone healing well. Preoperative, postoperative at 3 months and at final follow-up, ODI score was respectively 31.6+/-5.1, 8.6+/-5.7, 8.3+/-3.2; VAS score was respectively 7.2+/-2.3, 2.3+/-0.7, 2.1+/-1.1; kyphosis angle was respectively (-21.2/-+7.8 degreeso, (-5.3+/-6.8 degrees ), (-5.8+/-7.8 )degrees. Compared with preoperative data ,above-listed items had obviously ameliorated(P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONTreatment of thoracolumbar fracture with posterior pedicle screw short-segment internal fixation may result in the complications such as bone nonunion ,internal fixation breakage and progressive kyphosis. Anterior reconstruction may be a good strategy for the failure of posterior operation.

Adult ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; adverse effects ; methods ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery

Animals ; Chlorine Compounds ; toxicity ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; biosynthesis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of plasmid nm23-h1 transfection on high metastatic potential adnoid cystic carcinoma (ACC-M) cell line mediated by cationic lipid.

METHODSACC-M cell were implanted in the maxillofacial region in each of 40 BALB/c nude mice. After the tumor growth to 1 cm in diameter, 0.1 ml Lipofctamine-nm23-hl plasmid complex were injected intratumorally in 10 mice, 3 days after the first injection, 10 mices injected for twice, 10 mice as plamid-blank control, another 10 mice were injected 0.2 ml complex, 2, 3, 7days after the injection, the mice were killed and the specimen for HE and immunohistological chemistry study.

RESULTSnm23-h1 expression initiated in the tumor cells 3 days after the complex injection, 7 days later, the expression level increased accompanying with extracellular matrix increase, twice injection and multiple channel injection would gain better nm23-h1 expression than once injection and single-channel injection respectively.

CONCLUSIONCationic lipid mediated nm23-h1 plamid transfecting adnoid cystic carcinoma can gain small range positive expression, but the results give little prospect for further clinical treatment in such a manner.

Animals ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; Humans ; Lipids ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases ; Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase ; Plasmids ; Transfection

Objective To investigate the risk factors of pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).Methods The clinical data of 186 patients who received PD at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College from May 2000 to May 2010 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were divided into pancreatic fistula group (39 patients) and non-pancreatic fistula group ( 147 patients).Risk factors of pancreatic fistula after PD were screened out from 20 factors by univariate and multivariate analysis.The univariate analysis was carried out by chi-square test or Fisher exact test,and the muhivariate analysis was done by Logistic regression.Results Thirty-nine patients were complicated with pancreatic fistula,including 26 in grade A,10 in grade B and 3 in grade C.The results of univariate analysis showed that duration of preoperative jaundicc,loss of body weight at 6 months before operation,preoperative total bilirubin level,preoperative albumin level,postoperative albumin level,length of pancreas dissected,pancreatic tube diameter,pancreatic texture and time of abdominal drainage tube pull out were high risk factors of pancreatic fistula ( x2 =34.990,20.480,8.212,10.890,13.561,11.505,13.820,4.539,36.590,P ＜ 0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that duration of preoperative jaundice ＞ 8 weeks,loss of body weight at 6 months before operation ≥ 10％,pancreatic tube diameter ＜ 3 mm,soft pancreatic texture and time of abdominal drainage tube pull out ＞ 5 days were the independent risk factors of pancreatic fistula ( OR =2.229,3.383,1.437,1.273,11.939,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Duration of preoperative jaundice ＞ 8 weeks,unconscious loss of body weight ≥ 10％ within 6 months before operation,pancreatic tube diameter ＜ 3 mm,soft pancreatic texture,time of abdominal drainage tube pull out ＞ 5 days would increase the risk of pancreatic fistula after PD.