Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) fingerprint of Rhodiola rosea medicinal materials was established, and used to distinguish the quality of raw materials from different sources. Pulse sequence for water peak inhibition was employed to acquire 1H-NMR spectra with the temperature at 298 K and spectrometer frequency of 400.13 MHz. Through subsection integral method, the obtained NMR data was subjected to similarity analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). 10 batches raw materials of Rhodiola rosea from different origins were successfully distinguished by PCA. The statistical results indicated that rhodiola glucoside, butyl alcohol, maleic acid and alanine were the main differential ingredients. This method provides an auxiliary method of Chinese quality approach to evaluate the quality of Rhodiola crenulata without using natural reference substances.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; methods ; Principal Component Analysis ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Rhodiola ; chemistry

Fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) is an important metabolism regulator, however, whether FGF-21 has effects on cardiovascular remains unclear. In this study, H2O2-induced injury in H9c2 cells was used as a cell model, the anti-apoptosis potential and mechanism of FGF-21 against oxidative injury were evaluated by MTT assay, flow cytometry assay and real-time PCR. The results showed that FGF-21 could increase the cell survival of H2O2-induced injury in H9c2 cells and prevent H9c2 cells from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, FGF-21 can elevate SOD activity and regulate Bcl-2/Bax expression in H9c2 cells. The results suggest that FGF-21 have protective effect against the H2O2-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Fibroblast Growth Factors ; pharmacology ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; toxicity ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Rats ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; genetics ; metabolism

AIMTo isolate and purify gonyautoxins from Alexandrium mimutum Halim Amtk2 strain.

METHODSThe ethanol extracts of culture Alexandriun minutum Halim Amtk2 were isolated by means of gel filtration chromatography, the toxin fraction obtained was then purified by ion exchange chromatography.

RESULTSFrom 100 liter of cultivation liquid of Alexandrium mimutum Halim Amtk2 (6.74 +/- 0.31) x 10(9) cells were obtained. The ethanol extracts of Alexandriun minutum Halim purified by gel filtration chromatography obtained gonyautoxins mixture 29.59 mg. 4.06 mg of the mixture was further purified by two steps of ion exchange chromatography, and obtained pure GTX-4 (0.40 +/- 0.002) mg, GTX-1 (5.95 +/- 0.03) x 10(-2) mg, GTX-3 (6.92 +/- 0.05) x 10(-4) mg and GTX-2 (0.11 +/- 0.005) mg.

CONCLUSIONPure gonyautoxins can be obtained by means of gel filtration chromatography and ion exchange chromatography from ethanol extracts of cultured Alexandriun minutum Halim Amtk2 strain.

Animals ; Chromatography, Gel ; methods ; Chromatography, Ion Exchange ; Dinoflagellida ; chemistry ; Marine Toxins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Saxitoxin ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

Objective To explore the anatomic character of brachial plexus nerve by ultrasonography,and provide a basis for ultrasound-guided brachial plexus block.Methods Twenty-four healthy volunteers were chosen for high-frequency sonography examination,the features of brachial plexus distributions were studied in the axilla location and the interscalene location.Results Brachial plexus of all the 24 cases were detected.At the axilla level,main braches of brachial plexus nerves were very close to the axillary artery.At the interscalene level,the brachial plexus was consistently found between the scalenus anterior and medius muscles in the interscalene groove.Conclusions Using high-frequency sonography,the main braches of brachial plexus can be observed clearly.

Objective To investigate the effects of remote limb ischemic preconditioning (RLIP) on the lung injury in patients undergoing abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.Methods Sixty-two ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients of both sexes,aged 54-72 yr,with body mass index 21-36 kg/m2,undergoing elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair,were randomly divided to 2 groups ( n =31 each):control group (group C) and RLIP group.RLIP consisted of two 5-min cycles of left upper limb ischemia induced by a blood pressure cuff placed on the left upper arm and inflated to 200 mm Hg,with an intervening 5 min of reperfusion,during which time the cuff was deflated.RLIP was performed after anesthesia induction and before the start of surgery.Arterial and venous blood samples were taken at 10 min after intubation (T0),and 30 min and 4,8,12 and 24 h after aortic unclamping (T1-5) for blood gas analysis and determination of the concentrations of serum interleukin (IL)-6,tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α,and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity.The alveolar-arterial oxygen pressure difference (PA-aO2 ) and respiratory index (RI) were calculated.The peak airway pressure (Ppeak),plat airway pressure (Pplat) and positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) were recorded at the same time points mentioned above to calculate dynamic lung compliance (Cd) and static lung compliance (Cs).The incidence of hypoxemia,extubation time and duration of stay in intensive care unit (IGU) were also recorded.Results Compared with group C,PA-aO2,RI and the concentration of IL-6 were significantly decreased at T3-5,Cs,Cd and SOD activity were significantly increased at T2-5,and the concentrations of TNF-α and MDA were significantly decreased at T2-5 in group RLIP ( P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group C,the incidence of hypoxemia was significantly decreased,and extubation time and duration of stay in ICU were significantly shortened in group RLIP ( P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion RLIP can reduce the lung injury through inhibition of the inflammatory response and lipid peroxidation in patients undergoing abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

AIMTo study the synthesis of 5-(3'-indolyl)-oxazoles and their antioxidative activity.

METHODSThe amides were prepared from tryptophan and different acid derivatives by the catalytic dehydration of dicyclohexyl carbodiimide (DCC). The characteristic heterocyclic ring system of 5-(3'-indolyl)-oxazoles was constructed by oxidative cyclization of amide, using dicholorodicyanoquinone (DDQ). Their antioxidative activity in vitro was tested using DPPH system.

RESULTSEleven 2-substituted phenyl-5-(3'-indolyl)-oxazoles were prepared, the compounds 21 and 22 have shown antioxidative activity 3-4 times stronger than that of Vit E, and the compound 29 showed antioxidative activity almost as same as Vit E.

CONCLUSIONThree 5-(3'-indoyl)-oxazole compounds synthesized showed potent antioxidative effect and they would be a good antioxidants.

Antioxidants ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Indoles ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Oxazoles ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

ObjectiveTo compare the safety and efficacy of ligature between traditional ligation way in gastrectomy.Methods60 patients with gastrointestinal cancioma were selected and randomly divided into two groups,30cases of ligature(treatment group),30 cases of ligation (traditional group).ResultsThe operative time,blood loss,postoperative hospital stay,complications and treatment costs was compared between the two groups.Compared with the traditional group,there were shorter treatment time,reduced bleeding,shorter hospital stay,fewer complications,reduced treatment costs in treatment group.ConclusionLigature gastrectomy is safe and effective.

Due to the need of the diagnosis and minimally invasive treatment of biliary tract diseases, peroral choledochoscopy has recently become an important method for the diagnosis and treatment of biliary tract diseases, which helps to avoid some invasive and unnecessary surgical procedures. This article introduces the clinical advantages of SpyGlassTM DS Direct Visualization System and its indications and possible complications in biliary duct diseases. SpyGlassTM DS provides endoscopic imaging of the biliary tree and can perform biopsy under direct view, and thus it plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of biliary tract diseases. In particular, it can improve the diagnostic accuracy of biliary stricture with unknown nature and the surgical success rate and stone clearance rate of complex bile duct stones, with similar incidence rates of complications as conventional endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. SpyGlassTM DS is a safe and effective procedure and supplements the standard endoscopic diagnosis and treatment.

Background:Q fever endocarditis,a chronic illness caused by Coxiella burnetii,can be fatal if misdiagnosed or left untreated.Despite a relatively high positive rate of Q fever serology in healthy individuals in the mainland of China,very few cases of Q fever endocarditis have been reported.This study summarized cases of Q fever endocarditis among blood culture negative endocarditis (BCNE) patients and discussed factors attributing to the low diagnostic rate.Methods:We identified confirmed cases of Q fever endocarditis among 637 consecutive patients with infective endocarditis (IE) in the Peking Union Medical College Hospital between 2006 and 2016.The clinical findings for each confirmed case were recorded.BCNE patients were also examined and each BCNE patient's Q fever risk factors were identified.The risk factors and presence of Q fever serologic testing between BCNE patients suspected and unsuspected of Q fever were compared using the Chi-squared or Chi-squared with Yates' correction for continuity.Results:Among the IE patients examined,there were 147 BCNE patients,of whom only 11 patients (7.5％) were suspected of Q fever and undergone serological testing for C.burnetii.Six out of 11 suspected cases were diagnosed as Q fever endocarditis.For the remaining136 BCNE patients,none of them was suspected of Q fever nor underwent relevant testing.Risk factors for Q fever endocarditis were comparable between suspected and unsuspected patients,with the most common risk factors being valvulopathy in both groups.However,significantly more patients had consulted the Infectious Diseases Division and undergone comprehensive diagnostic tests in the suspected group than the unsuspected group (100％ vs.63％,P =0.03).Conclusions:Q fever endocarditis is a serious yet treatable condition.Lacking awareness of the disease may prevent BCNE patients from being identified,despite having Q fever risk factors.Increasing awareness and guideline adherence are crucial in avoiding misdiagnosing and missed diagnosing of the disease.

Objectives: To analyze the relationship between cardiac troponin I autoantibody (cTnIAAb) and left ventricular remodeling in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods: A total of 131 AMI patients were enrolled. Serum levels of cTnIAAb were measured by ELISA. Echocardiography was examined at the onset of AMI and 1 year follow-up evaluation. Taking left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESV) increasing>15% as left ventricular remodeling, 2-classified logistic stepwise regression analysis was conducted to screen 12 risk factors related to left ventricular remodeling. Results: 23/131(17.6%) patients were with positive cTnIAAb and 82.4% with negative cTnIAAb. 49 patients lost contact and in the rest 91 patients, 21.1% were with positive cTnIAAb. Clinical information was similar between cTnIAAb positive and negative patients upon admission, P>0.05; echocardiography showed that 28 (42.2%) patients had LVESV increasing>15% by 1 year follow-up study whom including 10 (52.6%) patients with cTnIAAb positive and 18 (25.4%) negative. 2-classified logistic stepwise regression analysis indicated that BNP peak and positive cTnIAAb were the risk factors for left ventricular remodeling (OR=1.001, 95% CI 1.001-1.002) and (OR=3.552, 95% CI 1.148-10.989), both P=0.028. Conclusions: Serum cTnIAAb was positive in part of AMI patients which was related to increased risk of left ventricular remodeling; cTnIAAb might be involved in pathophysiological process of left ventricular remodeling in AMI patients.