To explore the anti-atherosclerotic mechanism of estrogen and especially observe the effect of estradiol on the content of cholesterol in J774a.1 mouse mononuclear/macrophage-derived foam cells which were incubated with oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL). J774a.1 mouse mononuclear/macrophages were incubated with ox-LDL or with both ox-LDL and estradiol (1, 0.1 or 0.01 micromol x L(-1)). Oil red O staining was used to observe the formation of foam cells, and cholesterol oxidase fluorometric was used to determine the content of cellular cholesterol content. Western blotting and RTFQ-PCR were used to observe the expressions of scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-B I ) in J774a.1 foam cells. Compared with the control cells, J774a.1 mouse mononuclear/macrophage-derived foam cells showed significantly increased contents of total cholesterol and cholesterol ester (P < 0.001) and decreased SR-B I mRNA expression (P < 0.01). Estradiol treatment significantly lowered the contents of total cholesterol and cholesterol ester (P < 0.05), and increased SR-B I protein and mRNA expression (P < 0.01) in the foam cells in a dose-dependent manner. Estradiol can inhibit the formation of mononuclear/macrophage-derived foam cells by decreasing the contents of total cholesterol and cholesterol ester and up-regulating the expression of SR-B I in the foam cells.
Animals ; Cell Line ; Cholesterol ; metabolism ; Cholesterol Esters ; metabolism ; Estradiol ; pharmacology ; Foam Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; metabolism ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Mice ; Scavenger Receptors, Class B ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the results of tumor specific growth factor(TSGF) levels in in healthy people and cancer patients in Guangzhou areas .Methods The serum TSGF levels of 6 615 health check-up receivers and 287 patients with cancer in the hospital from July 2012 to June 2013 were detected .Results In health check-up receivers ,the level and positive rate of TSGF were higher in >40-50 age women .The level and positive rate of TSGF in men were increased with age .The levels of TSGF in pa-tients with lung cancer ,liver cancer and digestive system tumor were higher than that in health check-up receivers(P<0 .01) ,but there has no statistically difference between genital system cancer patients and healthy check-up receivers(P>0 .05) .Conclusion Performing TSGF test in health examination is great significance to the early diagnosis of malignant tumors .The reference value range of TSGF should be set according to different gender and age .

Objective To compare the application of ambulatory urodynamic(AUM)and conventional urodynamic(CUD)in detecting stress urinary incontinence(SUI)and detrusor overactivity(DO)in females.Methods Incontinence questionnaire short form(ICI-Q-SF),CUD and AUM were administrated on 30 female patients with the mean age of 49.4(32-63)years.The duration of symptom was 4.7 (1-9)years.The patients were divided into 3 groups of mild(n =9),moderate(n =15)and severe (n =6)according to ICI-Q-SF.Three micturition cycles were recorded during AUM.Results SUI and DO detected by AUM were 90％ and 37％,significantly more than those by CUD of 70％ and 10％(P ＜0.05).Twenty-one moderate and severe SUI patients diagnosed by ICI-Q-SF,detected by AUM and CUD simultaneously showed that abdominal leak point pressure(ALPP)and voided volume were lower,and detrusor pressure was higher recorded by AUM than those by CUD significantly(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions SUI and DO are easier detected by AUM than by CUD.AUM is a useful additional tool in clinical practice for those patients CUD failed to explain their symptoms.

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between circulating tumor cells(CTCs) in the peripheral blood of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) and the physiopathological characteristics of esophageal neoplasms.MethodsUsing negative selection system,we depleted red blood cells(RBCs) in red blood cell lysis buffer,depleted white blood cells (WBCs) with Miltenyi magnetic beads and enriched the rare cells from ESCC patients'peripheral blood.Immunofluorence staining (IF) was adopted to identify CTCs.ResultsCirculating tumor cells in the peripheral blood of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was closely related to cell differentiation grade,the invasion of primary cancer,lymph node status,P-TNM stages,and was rarely related to the sex,age or the location of tumor.ConclusionThe results suggest that circulating tumor cells in the peripheral blood of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma may express the development of esophageal cancer and may be served as a tumor marker to evaluate the biological behavior of esophageal cancer.

Objective To investigate the pathogenic bacteria distribution, antibiotics resistance, and clinical features of childhood bacterial meningitis (BM). Methods Clinical data from BM children with positive cerebrospinal lfuid culture were retrospectively analyzed from March 2004 to March 2015. According to age, the BM children were divided into neonates group (0-28 days), infants group (—1 year), and children group (≥1 year). According to the onset time, the BM children were divided into the early group (March 2004 to March 2010) and the late group (April 2010 to March 2015). According to the clinical situation, the BM children were divided into the trauma and surgery secondary infection group and the control group. Results A total of 100 BM children were recruited. One hundred and two strains of pathogens were detected, 62 (60.8%) strains of Gram positive bacteria and 40 (39.2%) strains of Gram negative bacteria. The main pathogens were Streptococcus pneumoniae (33 strains), Escherichia coli (22 strains), and Streptococcus agalactiae (10 strains). The proportion of Streptococcus agalactiae was higher in the late group (18.8%(9 cases)) than that in the early group (1.9%(1 case)) (χ2=6.406, P=0.011). The proportion of coagulase-negative staphylococci was higher in the trauma and surgery secondary infection group than that in the control group (χ2=6.631, P=0.010). Drug sensitivity analysis found that 60.0%of Escherichia coli produced extended-spectrumβ-lactamases (ESBLs) in the control group, while the only one strain of Escherichia coli in the trauma and surgery secondary infection group was ESBLs negative. Streptococcus pneumoniae were sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid. Streptococcus agalactiae were all found in the control group, which were all sensitive to penicillin and linezolid. The sensitive rate to vancomycin was only 70%. The incidence of complications in neonates group, infants group, and children group was 55.0%(22/40), 78.6%(33/42), and 33.3%(6/18), respectively. The difference was statistically signiifcant (χ2=11.848, P<0.05). The most common complications in these three age groups were ventricular dilatation (40.9%), subdural effusion (45.5%), and hydrocephalus (40.0%), respectively. Thirty-ifve children were cured, 41 children were improved and discharged, 22 children were not cured and left the hospital, and 2 children died. Conclusions Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus agalactiae were the predominant pathogens in childhood BM. The Streptococcus agalactiae infection is increased in the late group. The complications is varied in different age groups..

Mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) is defined as a mild brain trauma resulting in a short loss of consciousness and alteration of mental status. It may also occasionally develop persistent and progressive symptoms. It has been confirmed that MTBI causes changes of anatomic structures in central nervous system and biomarkers in the body fluid. However, there is no sufficient research on relevance among threshold for the brain injury, individual vulnerability and duration of disturbance of consciousness. Furthermore, there are no reliable diagnostic methods to establish whether a blow to the head is sufficient to cause the brain injury. This review provides references for biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid and blood associated with TBI. It also provides application status and potential prospects for further assessment and diagnosis of MTBI.
Biomarkers/cerebrospinal fluid* ; Brain Concussion/complications* ; Brain Injuries/etiology* ; Disease Progression ; Humans

Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Interferon Regulatory Factors ; metabolism ; Leg ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Skin Neoplasms ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Thrombocytopenia ; complications

Data mining technology has become a powerful tool in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) research. In this paper, based on the principle and basic requirements of data mining, the mining methods and procedures were described. And then the application of data mining technology in Chinese medicine pair research was classified and summarized, such as the compatibility characters, characteristic pairs, dosage-effect relationship and property compatibility, which provide the direction and data base for modern research of Chinese medicine pair.
Cluster Analysis ; Data Mining ; methods ; Drug Interactions ; Drug Prescriptions ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods

Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment efficacy of bronchobiliary fistula due to hepatic cystic echinococcosis.Methods A retrospective evaluation of 39 patients with BBF was performed during 1992 to 2012.We divided the 39 patients into group A treated before 2001 and group B after 2002.A retrospective analysis was made.Results There were three deaths among the 39 BBF patients due to hepatic hydatid disease.The cause of death was septic shock due to severe infection.There were no statistical differences in the basic factors,age (t =0.84,P =0.554),gender (P =1.0),and sputum volume (t =0.98,P =0.703),hydatid diameter (t =1.11,P =0.406),operation time,chest infection (P =1.0),mortality (P =0.235) between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).While postoperative length of stay(t =7.64,P =0.000),postoperative complications of residual cavity (P =0.001),length of tube drainage(t =6.747,P =0.01),recurrence of bronchial fistula (P =0.022),pleural dissemination (P =0.018),reoperation rate (P =0.049) were all in favour of group B (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Surgery is the choice of therapy for BBF due to hepatic hydatid disease,and one-stage procedure is expected to achieve the best outcomes.

Objective:To establish two differential gene expression profiles of qi-deficiency and blood stasis syndrome before or after safflower injection treatment by using gene chip technology;compared and analyzed to ensure the effective genes that are responsible for the therapeutic effects of safflower injection against qi-deficiency and blood stasis syndrome in rats.Furthermore,speculated the effect mechanism of the therapeutic genes.Methods:Fifteen SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=5):control group,model group,and medication group.Qi-deficiency and blood stasis model was established by subjecting the rats to hunger and fatigue for two weeks.After a week of the modeling,safflower injection (100 mg/kg/d) was administered daily via the tail vein for 7 days in medication group,and the rats in model group were injected with saline of the same volume.Control group received normal feeding.At the end of the experiment,rats were killed and whole blood was collected to evaluate the blood stream change and extract mRNAs in blood samples.Qualified mRNAs were reverse transcribed into cDNA which was then used in gene chip hybridization.The genes regulated by safflower injection were determined by the fluorescence signal and the functional mechanisms of safflower injection were confirmed by further querying genealogy databases and reviewing literatures.Results:After two weeks of the modeling,the whole blood viscosity under various shear rates was significantly increased in the model rats which showed faint,blood stasis and weight loss,indicating that the model is made successfully.The increased whole blood viscosity and qi-deficiency and blood stasis syndrome were obviously reversed by safflower injection treatment.Compared with the control group,252 genes up-regulated while 54 genes down-regulated in model group;compared with the model group,196 genes up-regulated while 32 genes down-regulated.Among these,16 differentially expressed genes were involved in inflammation and immune response.Conclusions:Safflower injection was effective in treating qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome,which was achieved by regulating inflammation related genes.