Salvianolic acid A (Sal A) is one of the most effective compounds isolated from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Up to now, several studies regarding the pharmacokinetic profiles of Sal A have been reported, however there is no such study reported in monkeys, the species which is more similar to human. The aim of this study is to develop a LC-MS method for the determination of Sal A in monkey plasma and apply it to the pharmacokinetic studies of monkeys. After single intravenous administration of Sal A, the plasma concentration-time curves were observed and the main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. The plasma concentration at 2 min (C2 (min)) values were (28.343 ± 6.426), (45.679 ± 12.301) and (113.293 ± 24.360) mg x L(-1) for Rhesus monkeys treated with Sal A at 2.5, 5 and 10 mg x kg(-1). The area under the concentration-time curve (AUC(0-∞)) values were (3.316 ± 0.871), (5.754 ± 2.150) and (13.761 ± 2.825) μg x L(-1) x h, respectively. Furthermore, this method was improved and applied to the simultaneous determination of Sal A, Sal B and Sal C, which provided useful information for preclinical studies and clinical trials of Sal A, Sal B and Sal C.
Administration, Intravenous ; Animals ; Caffeic Acids ; pharmacokinetics ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacokinetics ; Lactates ; pharmacokinetics ; Macaca mulatta ; Mass Spectrometry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry

Objective To establish a new method for measuring the 3-D kinematics of hindfoot joints in vivo by using reverse engineering software together with the theory of rigid body kinematics.Methods CT images were gathered from 9 feet of 5 healthy volunteers in both the initial position (neutral position) and the terminal position (extremely inversion-adduction-dorsiflexion position).The 3-D digital modules of hindfoot joints in the initial position and terminal position were established with MIMICS 10.01 software.The data of reconstructed digital modules was inputted into the GEOMAGIC 10.0 software in STL format for twice registration,and then their relatively displacement and changes of angle in 3-D space between the two positions were calculated Results The rotation range of the tibiotalar joint was 3.89° ±2.77° in eversion,5.29°±4.47° in abduction,10.77°+5.70° in dorsiflexion,and the relative displacement was 0.78±0.59 mm towards lateral ankle,0.18±0.75 mm towards the hindfoot,(0.65±0.71) mm towards the proximal limbs;the range of subtalar joint was 16.46°±2.94° in inversion,12.77°±1.81° in adduction,6.33°±4.32° in plantarflexion,and the relative displacement was 5.50±1.45 mm towards medial ankle,1.96±1.77 mm towards forefoot,0.43±1.18 mm towards distal limbs; the range of talonavicular joint was 38.82°±5.98° in inversion,19.71°±6.33° in adduction,5.09°±6.89° in plantarflexion,and the relative displacement was (9.77±1.73) mm towards medial ankle,3.13±1.29 mm towards hindfoot,4.64±1.42 mm towards proximal limbs.Conclusion This method measuring 3-D kinematics of hindfoot joints in vivo is non-invasive and easy to operate.

The SRY gene from buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) genome was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction ( PCR) with primers based on the sequence of Hostein SRY gene. The amplified fragment was 2005 bp include 5UTR ( 1 - 504bp) and 3'UTR(1196 - 2005bp). And the amplified fragment was cloned and sequenced. Sequence analysis showed that the coding region of SRY gene (505 - 1195bp) from buffalo was highly homologous with those of other bovine counterpart genes (96% homology) , especially in the HMG box region (99%homology). It was found that there were only signal on male buffalo genome on Southern blot,which indicate SRY gene are highly conservative on evolves.

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical application of mandibular-driven simultaneous maxillo-mandihular distraction to correct hemifacial microsomia with rapid prototyping technology.

METHODSThe patient' s skull resin model was manufactured with rapid prototyping technology. The osteotomy was designed on skull resin model. According to the preoperative design, the patients underwent Le Fort I osteotomy and mandibular ramus osteotomy. The internal mandible distractor was embedded onto the osteotomy position. The occlusal titanium pin was implanted. Distraction were carried out by mandibular-driven simultaneous maxillo-mandihular distraction 5 days after operation.

RESULTSThe distraction in five patients was complete as designed. No infection and dysosteogenesis happened. The longest distance of distraction was 28 mm, and the shortest distance was 16 mm. The facial asymmetry deformity was significantly improved at the end of distraction. The ocelusal plane of patients obviously improved.

CONCLUSIONSRapid prototyping technology is helpful to design precisely osteotomy before operation. Mandibular-driven simultaneous maxillo-mandibular distraction can correct hemifacial microsomia. It is worth to clinical application.

Face ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Facial Asymmetry ; congenital ; surgery ; Goldenhar Syndrome ; surgery ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; surgery ; Mandible ; surgery ; Maxilla ; surgery ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; methods ; Osteotomy ; methods ; Osteotomy, Le Fort

Objective To investigate the effect of the laparotomy and laparoscopic surgery on the stress parameters and complication of patients with gastric cancer. Methods A total of 96 patients diagnosed as gastric cancer and treated by surgery in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2017 were divided into open operation group and laparoscopy group according to the operation method,48 cases in each group. Compared the operation time,bleeding volume,dissected lymph node number,postoperative hospitalization duration and anus exhausting time and complications in 6 months after surgery. The levels of WBC,CRP,TNF-α, IL-6 in serum before and after operation were detected by enzyme - linked immuno sorbent assay and compared. Results Compared with the open operation group, the bleeding volume,postoperative hospitalization duration and anus exhausting time of laparoscopy group were better with less dissected lymph node number and longer operation time, the differences were extremely significant(P ＜ 0. 01); the WBC,CRP,TNF-α, IL-6 levels of laparoscopy group at 1 day after the operation were lower than those of open operation group(P ＜ 0. 05). The incidence of complication of laparoscopy group was 22. 8％, which was less than 54. 7％ of control group, the difference was significant(P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion Compared with the traditional open operation, laparoscopic radical gastrectomy can shorten the hospital stays and reduce the intraoperative blood loss, the stress response and complication rate after operation.

Objective To judge method performance of routine biochemistry parameters on Roche Modular PPI testing system by using westgard's method evaluation decision chart.Methods We assessed imprecision(CV)from internal quality control and inaccuracy(bias)from external quality control evaluation.Combined estimates of imprecision and inaccuracy by plotting imprecision as the x-coordinate and inaccuracy as the y-coordinate to locate an expected operating point of every item on the chart.By comparing this operating point with allowable total errors(TEa),we can decide whether the performance is acceptable or not.Results In the 27 different parameters tested,imprecision and bias of calcium were 0.08 mmol/L and 0.06 mmol/L respectively,its performance was marginal.The imprecision of creatinine,urea,glucose, sodium,chloride and phosphorus were 3.20%,2.13%,1.52%,0.89 mmol/L,1.10% and 1.55%,the bias were 4.79%,0.96%,4.63%,0.80 mmol/L,1.74% and 4.13% respectively,their performance was good.M1 other 20 items were of excellence performance.Conclusions Routine biochemistry parameters on Roche Modular PPI testing system possessed good precision and accuracy,and their performance were acceptable.To judge method performance of biochemistry testing system by using westgard' s method evaluation decision chart was easy to do and suited for clinical laboratory.

The direct acting substances of Cuscuta chinensis in vivo were preliminarily identified through the correlation analysis of "metabolites-effect identification" model. The ovariectomized female rats were i.g administered with 95% ethanol extract part, 40% ethanol elution part and n-butanol extract part of Cuscuta chinensis. The serum fingerprints of different parts and times of administration were established by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS. At the same time, serum estradiol (E₂), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were detected. Bivariate correlation analysis and grey correlation analysis were used to screen estrogenic components. The results showed that nine direct acting substances in vivo highly related to estrogen effect were found in the drug containing serum, which were hyperoside, astragalin, methyl quercetin glucuronide, quercetin-diglucuronide, quercetin, apigenin, isoquercitrin, kaempferol glucuronide and kaempferol. We can preliminarily screen out the direct acting substance of estrogen effect of Cuscuta chinensis in vivo based on the research idea of serum spectrum effect correlation. It provides a reliable basis for revealing the estrogeneffective substances of Cuscuta chinensis and confirming the quality markers. This experiment was approved by Harbin University of Commerce Ethics Committees (Approval No. HSDU2020-065).

Objective To establish a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)method for the determination concentration of duloxetine in human plasma and study on its pharmacokinetics in healthy human.Methods The separation of duloxetine was performed on Phenomenex C_(18) column with fluoxetine as the internal standard.The mobile phase was composed of 5 mmol L~(-1) ammonium acetate with 0.02% formic acid acetonitrile(55:45).Electrospray ionization source was applied and operated in positive ion mode.A single dose of 60 mg duloxetine hydrochloride was given to 5 male and 5 female healthy volunteers and the plasma was separated.The concentration of duloxetine was determined by HPLC-MS/MS and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated.Results The linear range of duloxetine was 0.89-106.80 ng·mL~(-1)(γ=0.9977).The methodological recovery and the extraction recovery ranged between 93.19%-107.27% and 72.81%-89.96%,respectively.Both the inter-day RSD and intra-day RSD were less than 11%.The main pharmacokinetic parameters after a single dose of 60mg duloxetine are as follows: C_(max) was(44.40 ±17.78)ng·mL~(-1),t_(max) was(6.10±1.29)h,t_(1/2) was(12.81 ±2.31)h;AUC_(0-60) and AUC_(0-∞) were (696.04±337.82),(733.82±343.40)ng·h·mL~(-1),respectively.Conclusion The method is simple,accurate and reliable,and suitable for the determination of duloxe-tine in therapeutic drug monitor and its pharmacokinetics study.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical curative effect of the modified Halo pelvic frame and surgery for the treatment of severe scoliosis with rigidity.

METHODSFrom January 2004 to May 2010,50 patients with severe scoliosis patients with rigidity were treated in our hospital. Twenty-three patients were male and 27 patients were female, with a mean age of 10.8 years old, ranging from 4 to 16 years. Twenty-four patients were congenital scoliosis and 26 patiens were idiopathic scoliosis. The mean body height were (152.1 +/- 11.1) cm and the average Cobb angle of scoliosis and kyphosis were (91.8 +/- 14.5) degrees and (69.5 +/- 14.0) degrees respectively. All the patients were treated with three-stages modified Halo pelvic traction, the second stage anterior release and the third stage posterior correction. The amount of correction was determined by measuring the change of body height, the Cobb angles and correction rate of scoliosis as well as kyphosis before and after the operation.

RESULTSThe mean body height were correct to (158.5 +/- 10.5) cm. The average Cobb angle of scoliosis were correct to (30.8 +/- 7.9) degrees. The average Cobb angle of kyphosis were correct to (31.6 +/- 10.1) degrees. After the first stage, the average Cobb angle of scoliosis and kyphosis were changed with the mean of (30.4 +/- 6.6)% correction and (22.3 +/- 5.2)% respectively; after the second stage, the average Cobb angle of scoliosis and kyphosis were changed with the mean (26.7 -/+ 5.1)% correction and (21.2 -/+ 6.0)% respectively; the third stage, above data were (33.7 -/+ 7.2)% and (27.1 +/- 5.3)%. Correction rate of scoliosis and kyphosis were (66.5 +/- 7.2)% and (55.1 +/- 6.4)% respectively by the modified Halo pelvic frame traction and surgery. Body height, the Cobb angles and correction rate of scoliosis and kyphosis on radiographs were different in all stages (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONOperative complications of severe scoliosis with rigidity can be reduced and better deformity correction and trunk balance achieved by the modified Halo pelvic frame traction and surgery.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Scoliosis ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUNDIt has been found that cardiac protection afforded by ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is significantly reduced in the senescent myocardium. ADAMTS-1 (a disintesrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 motifs) has been shown to inhibit angiogenesis in a variety of in vitro and in vivo assays. The aim of this study was to investigate the age-associated differences in ADAMTS-1 protein expression in rat myocardium after ischemic preconditioning.

METHODSSixty-four young (4 months) and old (24 months) male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to an IPC group (40 rats) or a sham group (rats). A model of delayed IPC was induced and rats were sacrificed and myocardial samples were harvested from the ischemic-reperfused region for immunohistochemical detection of ADAMTS-1 at serial time points after IPC. A model of myocardial infarction was produced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in additional sets of young and old rats after sham or IPC procedures, then age-associated myocardial infarction survival after IPC was calculated.

RESULTSADAMTS-1 expression increased significantly in old rats compared to young rats (P < 0.05). The mean densities of ADAMTS-1 protein at 0, 6, 12, and 24 hours in young-IPC group after IPC were 0.05 ± 0.01, 0.13 ± 0.03, 0.16 ± 0.04, and 0.12 ± 0.03 vs. 0.07 ± 0.03, 0.20 ± 0.03, 0.24 ± 0.05, and 0.21 ± 0.04 in old-IPC group. IPC resulted in diminished survival rates (5/35 vs. 6/14, old-IPC group vs. old-sham group, P < 0.05), reduced left ventricular fractional shortening ((13.9 ± 2.8)% vs. (18.3 ± 2.3)%, P < 0.05) and increased the myocardial infarction size ((37.9 ± 3.2)% vs. (32.8 ± 5.1)%, P < 0.05) in the older rats.

CONCLUSIONSCardioprotection with IPC is attenuated in the older heart. ADAMTS-1 expression induced by IPC is greater in old rats. Over-expression of anti-angiogenic factors might be a potential mechanism behind reduced protection after IPC associated with aging.

ADAM Proteins ; metabolism ; ADAMTS1 Protein ; Aging ; metabolism ; physiology ; Animals ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; metabolism ; pathology ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley