Objective To investigate the changes in hydrogen sulfide(H_2S) level in plasma and myocardial tissues of doxorubicin-induced heart failure rats,and to study the role of H_2S in the development of doxorubicin-induced heart failure.Methods Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups as follows:the doxorubicin group(n=12),in which 2.5 mg/kg of doxorubicin was injected intraperitoneal once a week for 10 weeks(total dose of 25 mg/kg);the control group(n=9),in which an(equivalent) volume of physiological saline was administered weekly for a total of 10 weeks.The observation of behavior was taken at the same time.Hemodynamic and echocardiographic measurements were obtained 10 weeks after treatment.Meanwhile,H_2S concentrations in serum and myocardial tissues were evaluated by modified sulfide electrode method.The changes of H_2S level between 2 groups were analyzed.Results The rats treated with doxorubicin showed inanimate behavior,decrease of the body temperature,activities and food intake,faster breathing,significant loss of weight,the cumulative mortality was 33%.Left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP),difference of left ventricular pressure[△LVP=LVSP-left ventricular diastolic pressure(LVDP)] and left ventricular peak rate of contraction(+LV dp/dtmax),left ventricular peak rate of relaxation(-LV dp/dtmax)were significantly reduced in the group of doxorubicin rats(P

Exhaled gaseous signal molecules such as nitric oxide(NO),carbon monoxide(CO) and hydrogen sulfide(H2S) can be measured with a non-invasive technique.The fraction of NO level in exhaled gaseous of patients with airway inflammatory illness(such as bronchial asthma) significantly increases.No in exhaled gaseous is one of the markers in the diagnosis of asthma,and it is also a marker of anti-inflammatory response for patients with asthma.The fraction of CO level in exhaled gaseous of patients with bronchial asthma is also si-gnificantly elevated.Both NO and CO in exhaled gaseous in other airway inflammatory illness,such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,chronic bronchitis and cystic fibrosis are also evidently changed.Measuring exhaled gaseous signal molecules can provide important basis for the diagnosis and treatment of airway inflammatory illness.

China ; Cohort Studies ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Nutrition Surveys

Objective To investigate the application of highly selective alpha 1-blockers in treatment of ureteral stone after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Methods One hundred and twenty patients with ureteral stone who accepted ESWL were divided into three groups by random digits table,each 40 cases. Tamsulosin group received tamsulosin (0.4 mg,once daily) after ESWL,doxazosin group received doxazosin (4 mg,once daily) ,control group were given no ureteral smooth musclar relaxant served. All patients were observed for 2 weeks. Results During the 2 weeks, only 4 patients withdrew due to adverse drug reactions. In tamsulosin group and doxazosin group, the stones expulsion rate [89.7%(35/39), 83.8%(31/37) respectively] were significantly higher than control group [65.0%(26/40)] (P＜0.05), the expulsion time [(3.1-1.2), (3.7 ± 1.4) d] were significantly lower than control group [(6.5 ±1.1) d] (P ＜0.05),the incidence of renal colic [12.8%(5/39), 21.6%(8/37)] and the stone street formation rate [7.7% (3/39), 13.5% (5/37)] were significantly lower than control group [45.0% (18/40) and 40.0% (16/40)] (P ＜ 0.05). But there was no significant difference between tamsulosin group and doxazosin group (P ＞ 0.05). Orthostatic hypotension occurred in 1 patient in tamsulosin group, but 7 patients experienced orthostatic hypotension in doxazosin group,the difference was significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Highly selective alpha 1-blockers can improve the stone-free rate of ureteral stone after ESWL,reduce expulsion time,decrease renal colic rate,and it is safe and tolerated. It can be regarded as an auxiliary clearance method after ESWL for ureteral stone.

Objective: Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was used to rapidly determine the concentration of chlorogenic acid (CA) and soluble solid content in alcohol precipitation of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Artemisiae Annuae Herba (LA) in Reduning Injection, so as to increase the level of quality control of alcohol precipitation process. Methods: The LA samples of alcohol precipitation were collected. The PLS algorithm was used to establish NIR models between spectra and concentration of CA and total solid content, and the concentration of CA and soluble solid content in unknown batch were predicted. Results: The correlation coefficients (R) of NIR models were above 0.980 in calibration sets. The R of verification model was above 0.980, the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) for CA and soluble solid content were 0.541 and 0.218, respectively, and the relative standard errors (RSEP) for CA and soluble solid content were no more than 8%. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that NIR could determine the concentration of CA and soluble solid content in alcohol precipitation of Reduning Injection rapidly and accurately.

Objective To examine the expression of Toll-like receptor(TLR)4 protein and the transcription of TLR4 mRNA in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC)from patients with hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection and explore the relationship between TLR4 and chronic HBV infec- tion.Methods The expression level and transcription level of TLR4 were determined by flow cytometre and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction respectively in PBMC from 37 chronic hepatitis patients,28 liver cirrhosis patients,31 severe hepatitis patients and 27 healthy controls. Meanwhile,liver function,as well as blood routine test,prothrombin test activity(PTA)and HBV DNA was measured.Results The expression level and transcription level of TLR4 in patients were higher than those in healthy controls(P

Animals ; Calcitriol ; pharmacology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; Liver ; drug effects ; Liver Diseases ; complications ; drug therapy ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Salvianolic acid A (Sal A) is one of the most effective compounds isolated from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Up to now, several studies regarding the pharmacokinetic profiles of Sal A have been reported, however there is no such study reported in monkeys, the species which is more similar to human. The aim of this study is to develop a LC-MS method for the determination of Sal A in monkey plasma and apply it to the pharmacokinetic studies of monkeys. After single intravenous administration of Sal A, the plasma concentration-time curves were observed and the main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. The plasma concentration at 2 min (C2 (min)) values were (28.343 ± 6.426), (45.679 ± 12.301) and (113.293 ± 24.360) mg x L(-1) for Rhesus monkeys treated with Sal A at 2.5, 5 and 10 mg x kg(-1). The area under the concentration-time curve (AUC(0-∞)) values were (3.316 ± 0.871), (5.754 ± 2.150) and (13.761 ± 2.825) μg x L(-1) x h, respectively. Furthermore, this method was improved and applied to the simultaneous determination of Sal A, Sal B and Sal C, which provided useful information for preclinical studies and clinical trials of Sal A, Sal B and Sal C.
Administration, Intravenous ; Animals ; Caffeic Acids ; pharmacokinetics ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacokinetics ; Lactates ; pharmacokinetics ; Macaca mulatta ; Mass Spectrometry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the etiology and clinical characteristics of pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH) and improve its early diagnosis and treatment.Methods The clinical and echocardiogram data of all inpatients with PAH in Pediatric Department of Peking University First Hospital between May 1995 and May 2007 were retrospectively analyzed for age,sex,etiology,symptoms and echocardiographic measurement of pulmonary artery pressure.Data were divided into groups according to different etiology and statistics.Pulmonary arterial systolic pressure(sPAP) values estimated from the tricuspid regurgitant velocity by Doppler echocardiography were compared among different groups.Cases who were not belonged to the first category of the Venice Clinical Classification of pulmonary hypertension were not included.Results Totally 276 cases,168 boys and 108 girls were diagnosed to have PAH.Age ranged from 1 month to 17 years,median age was 9 months.Most of pediatric PAH was associated-PAH(267 cases,96.7%),while idiopathic PAH took a small part(9 cases,3.3%).Congenital heart disease-associated PAH(CHD-PAH) was predominant(245 cases,88.7%) and left to right shunt was the main lesion (217 cases,88.6%),while complex lesion-associated PAH comprised 28 cases(11.4%).Connective tissue disease associated PAH(CTD-PAH) was the second common among this group of pediatric PAH patients(19 cases,6.9 %).The incidence of PAH in systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE),juvenile rheumatoid arteritis and takayasu arteritis were 10.3 %(13/126),8.7%(4/46),15.4%(2/13),respectively.The other 3 cases of PAH were associated with portal hypertension(2 cases) and thalassanemia(1 case).The estimated sPAP from tricuspid regurgitant velocity in 8 cases with idiopathic PAH[(74.6?23.9) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)]was higher significantly compared with those of 33 cases of CHD-PAH [(58.0?19.7) mmHg ] and 12 cases of CTD-PAH [(49.6?18.9) mmHg] respectively(t=-2.052,-2.609 Pa