Antibodies, Monoclonal ; therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Female ; Humans ; Nitriles ; therapeutic use ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; metabolism ; Survival Rate ; Tamoxifen ; therapeutic use ; Trastuzumab ; Triazoles ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of ginsenoside Rb1 on GSKbeta/IDE signal transduction pathway and Abeta protein secretion in hippocampal neurons of high glucose-treated rats.

METHODHippocampal neurons of 24 h-old newly born SD rats were primarily cultured, inoculated in culture medium under different conditions, and then divided into the normal group, the high glucose group, the LiCl group and the Rb1 group. After being cultured for 72 h, the expressions of their phosphorylated GSK3beta, total GSK3beta and IDE protein were detected by Western blotting analysis. The mRNA expressions of GSK3beta and IDE were determined by RT-PCR. The ELISA assay was used to detect the secretion of Abeta protein in cell supernatant.

RESULTCompared with the normal group, the high glucose group showed increase in the p/tGSK3beta protein ratio and the secretion of Abeta protein and decrease in IDE protein and mRNA (P < 0.05). Compared with the high glucose group, both Rb1 and LiCl groups showed decrease in the p/tGSK3beta protein ratio and the expression of Abeta protein and increase in IDE protein and mRNA expression (P < 0.05). Compared with the LiCl group, the Rb1 group showed no significant difference in the expressions of p/tGSK3beta protein, IDE protein, mRNA and Abeta protein expression. In addition, the GSK3beta mRNA expression of the four groups had no significant difference.

CONCLUSIONGinsenoside Rb1 may reduce the secretion of Abeta protein in hippocampal neurons by reducing the phosphorylation of GSK3beta, down-regulating the ratio of pGSK3beta/GSK3beta and upregulating the expression of IDE.

Amyloid beta-Peptides ; genetics ; metabolism ; secretion ; Animals ; Dietary Carbohydrates ; adverse effects ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacology ; Glucose ; adverse effects ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; Insulin ; metabolism ; Insulysin ; genetics ; metabolism ; Neurons ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; secretion ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects

Objective To explore the influence of electrical stimulation on prefrontal cortical neurons and synaptic ultramicrostructure of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD)in neonatal rats.Methods The sixty 7-day-old newborn healthy SD rats were randomly divided into hypoxic-ischemic group(model group),electrical stimulation(intervention)group and sham operation group(control group),which 20 for each group.The models of perinatal HIBD rats were prepared by ligation of left common carotid artery with a temporary systemic hypoxia for 2 hours.Intervention group was subject to electric stimulation for 30 minutes,once everyday after surgery.Control group and model group were not subject to electric stimulation but caught to fix in corresponding period.Fastigial nucleus electric stimulations were performed for 3 d,14 d and 21 d.Five rats were killed in each group after the application of electron microscope to observe the brain cortex neurons and synaptic ultrastructure changes.Results In model group,the neuronal shrinkage,the amount of organelles dacrease,ob-vious edema of cytoplasm,obvious swellen mitochondria,and synapse quantity decrease,synaptic space fusion,obvious synaptic vesicle were observed.Intervention group different times,mitochondria hydrops gradually alleviated,synaptic space gradually cleared,synaptic vesicle increased,pathological changes obviously lessened compared to model group at the same time,and there was no apparent abnormality compared with control group on the 21st d.Conclusion Electric stimulation can promote the ultramicrostructures recovery of HIBD rats.

Objective To investigate the effects of electrical stimulation on vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and its receptor expressions of neonatal rat brain with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD).Methods Seventy-five 7-day-old newborn health SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(control group,n=25),hypoxia-ischemia group(model group,n=25) and the electrical sti-mulation group(intervention group,n=25).To bulid HIBD animal model of neonatal rats,the left common carotid artery was ligated and nitrogen-oxygen gas mixture was inhaled 2 hours.Fastigial nucleus stimulation was given 12 hours after the operation in intervention group,30 min?time-1,1 time?d-1,the time length was 1 d,3 d,7 d,14 d or 21 d,respectively.There was no electrical stimulation in model group and control group.The rats in these groups were captured at the corresponding time.Five rats in each group were killed at the corresponding pe-riods after electrical stimulation,the expression of VEGF and its receptor fam-like tyrosine kinase receptor(flt-1 / VEGFR1),fetal liver kinase receptor(flk-1/KDR/VEGFR2) in hippocampus were observed by immunohistochemistry.SPSS 15.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results The expression of VEGF,VEGFR1,VEGFR2 at every time point in electrical stimulation group were higher significantly than those in model group and control group(Pa0.05).Conclusion Electrical stimulation can promote the expression of VEGF and its receptors VEGFR1,VEGFR2.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of coixenolide on Foxp3+ CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg) in collagen induced arthritis (CIA) mice, and to explore its possible mechanism for treating rheumatiol arthritis.

METHODSFive mice were recruited as a normal control group from 25 mice, and the rest 20 were used in CIA modeling. After successful modeling they were randomly divided in the model control group and the coixenolide group, 10 in each group. Coixenolide injection at 25 mL/kg was intraperitoneally injected to mice in the coixenolide group, while normal saline at 25 mL/kg was intraperitoneally injected to mice in the normal control group and the model control group. The injection lasted for 21 days. Scoring for CIA was performed after injection and arthritis index was calculated. The peripheral blood Foxp3+ CD4+ CD25+ Treg ratio was determined by flow cytometry (FCM).

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, the arthritis index obviously increased in the model control group (P < 0.01). The arthritis index obviously decreased more in the coixenolide group than in the model control group (P < 0.01). Foxp3+ CD4+ CD25+ Treg levels obviously decreased more in the model control group than in the normal control group (P < 0.01 ). Foxp3+ CD4+ CD25+ Treg levels obviously increased more in the coixenolide control group than in the model control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONCoixenolide could up-regulate Foxp3+ CD4+ CD25+ Treg ratios in CIA mice, which might play certain immunoregulation roles in the incidence of CIA.

Animals ; Arthritis, Experimental ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Mice ; Random Allocation ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo observe the changes of the mechanical pain threshold in the rat model of autoimmune prostatitis, explore the mechanism of autoimmune prostatitis pain and offer some animal experimental evidence for the drug therapy of the condition.

METHODSTwenty male Wistar rats weighing 180 - 220 g were divided into a model and a control group. The autoimmune prostatitis model was established by subcutaneous injection of an extract of male rat prostate glands (RPG) at 60 mg/ml in Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) and pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus vaccine at 0 and 30 days, respectively. Mechanical tactile hyperalgesia was measured once a week using Von Frey Filaments from the beginning of the study. At 8 weeks after modeling, the rats were sacrificed and the prostate tissues harvested for observation of histomorphological changes by HE staining.

RESULTSHE staining revealed different degrees of benign prostatitis in the model rats. Compared with the controls, the mechanical pain threshold in the model rats was significantly decreased with the increased time of modeling, from (65.52 +/- 6.27) g at 0 week to (23.67 +/- 4.09) g at 8 weeks (P < 0.01). Statistically significant differences were found in the variation trend at different time points between the two groups (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONAutoimmune prostatitis models were successfully established in rats and hyperalgesia was induced after modeling.

Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases ; physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Male ; Pain Threshold ; physiology ; Prostatitis ; immunology ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

The contribution of particles to cardiovascular mortality and morbidity has been enlightened by epidemiologic and experimental studies. However, adverse biological effects of the particles with different sizes on cardiovascular cells have not been well recognized. In this study, sub-cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed to increasing concentrations of pure quartz particles (DQ) of three sizes (DQPM1, <1 μm; DQPM3-5, 3-5 μm; DQPM5, 5 μm) and carbon black particles of two sizes (CB0.1, <0.1 μm; CB1, <1 μm) for 24 h. Cytotoxicity was estimated by measuring the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and cell viability. Nitric oxide (NO) generation and cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) releases were analyzed by using NO assay and enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. It was found that both particles induced adverse biological effects on HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner. The size of particle directly influenced the biological activity. For quartz, the smaller particles induced stronger cytotoxicity and higher levels of cytokine responses than those particles of big size. For carbon black particles, CB0.1 was more capable of inducing adverse responses on HUVECs than CB1 only at lower particle concentrations, in contrast to those at higher concentrations. Meanwhile, our data also revealed that quartz particles performed stronger cell damage and produced higher levels of TNF-α than carbon black particles, even if particles size was similar. In conclusion, particle size as well as particle composition should be both considered in assessing vascular endothelial cells injury and inflammation responses induced by particles.

Objective To study the life quality of 2 - 3 years old survivors in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Methods Severe neonates were randomly assigned to intervention group (group 1,30 cases) and non- intervention group (group 2,30 cases) depending on the early intervention applied or not,as well as 30 healthy newborns as normal controls. The physical,neurological conditions and intelligence test were taken regularly. To investigate the psychological state, actions, temperament and family conditions when they were2-3 years old.Results Mental development index(MDI) and physical development index(PDI) in early interventional group were significant higher than those in group 2(P

Objective To investigate the full-term newborn′s weight in Zhengzhou city and nearby areas around Zhengzhou in Henan province.Methods Each group newborn′s weight was divided with sex and city.We studied the regularity of full-term newborn′s weight,and examined the cause of the newborn′s weight rising.Results The average newborn′s weight in Zhengzhou was (3449.06?453.97) g,which in nearby areas around Zhengzhou was (3352.07?429.91) g.The average newborn′s weight in Zhengzhou was 86.97 g higher than other cities (P

Objective To explore the application of "Work-Study Combination"(referred to "Institutions Join Forces with Hospitals" in this paper) in nursing education system of Shanghai Institute of Health Sciences. Methods Data of teaching plan and curriculum of students from 2005 and 2006 grades were compared.With construction of "National Model of Higher Vocational Institutions",transformation in professional curriculum reforming,teaching resources sharing,teachers staff constructing,in-school and out-school vocational training bases establishing,and students evaluation system were compared.Results Regulated and updated teaching contents and new curriculum reflected vocational education characteristics.The ratios of in-school vocational training,clinical teaching and practice in curriculum rose rapidly.Conclusion The results showed that "Institutions Join Forces with Hospitals" applying in higher nursing vocational education system was a direct expression of combination of work and study to the process of personnel cultivating.