Aged ; Castleman Disease ; complications ; Hepatitis B ; complications ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; complications ; virology ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; complications ; Male

Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Drug Design ; Herpesvirus 8, Human ; drug effects ; Humans ; Simplexvirus ; drug effects

Adult ; Female ; Hemoptysis ; etiology ; Humans ; Pulmonary Artery ; abnormalities ; Recurrence ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To explore the clinical value of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) in assessment of right ventricular function in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).Methods The PubMed/MEDLINE,Wanfang data,CNKI (from January 2001 to April 2015) were searched.The search terms were pulmonary arterial hypertension,right ventricular function,and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.An inclusion criterion was the patients suffering from PAH,and the healthy volunteers were served as controls.The study was designed as randomized controlled trial.All the subjects investigated had received CMRI.The end of the trial included right ventricular end diastolic volume (RVEDV),right ventricular end systolic volume (RVESV) and right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF).Meta analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.0 software provided by Cochrane Collaboration,and the publication bias was analyzed by the funnel plot analysis.Results Five papers involving 381 patients met the criteria.It was showed by Meta-analysis that compared with healthy control group,RVEDV was increase in PAH group [weighted mean difference (WMD) =33.96,95％ confidence interval (95％CI) =20.80-47.12,P ＜ 0.000 01],RVESV was increased (WMD =41.91,95％ CI =29.63-54.19,P ＜ 0.0O0 01),and RVEF was decrease (WMD =-20.09,95％CI =-22.65 to-17.52,P ＜ 0.000 01).Conclusion CMRI can be used to evaluate the right ventricular function of patients with PAH,and it has important significance in the evaluation of right ventricular function in patients with PAH.

Objective To evaluate the multi-detector CT (MDCT) on pulmonary changes in post-operative adult receptor of liver transplantation complicated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods Nineteen adult patients admitted into Tianjin First Center Hospital from January to December 2016 to perform the first time liver transplantation were enrolled in this study. Before operation, the CT showed no significant abnormality in the patients' lungs, after operation MDCT was applied to observe the pulmonary changes of ARDS post-operative complication in the adult receiver of liver transplantation, and the pulmonary changes in different gender of patients were analyzed and compared.Results MDCT showed that after liver transplantation all the 19 patients (100%) had lung pathological changes, of whom 18 cases (94.7%) manifested 2 or more than 2 kinds of pulmonary changes, including consolidation shadows (12 cases, 63.2%), patchy shadows (2 cases, 10.5%), ground glass opacity (6 cases, 31.5%) and pleural effusion (18 cases, 94.7%). In the comparisons between male and female patients with post-operative ARDS after liver transplantation, there were no significant differences in the lung pathological changes shown in MDCT (allP > 0.05) statistically.Conclusion The application of MDCT has great potential value in the evaluation of the disease situation after liver transplantation, that might providehelp to the postoperative treatment.

Permeability is a key factor in the bioavailability of oral drugs. Therefore, in the early stage of drug discovery, accurate and efficient evaluation of drug permeability is essential. The parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA) with Caco-2 cells model was used by the industry as early evaluation methods. At present, the Ussing chamber rat model is also widely used. This review summarizes the human data for the in vivo single-pass perfusion technique (Loc-I-Gut) – the gold standard, and then focuses on the basic principles, experimental operation, and efficiency of the three in vitro methods, with correlation to the effective permeability coefficient (P_eff) and fractional absorbed (Fa) in man. We provide recommendations for the use of proper permeability methods at different stages in drug discovery and development.

Objective To compare the health related quality of life (HRQoL) of ileal conduit versus orthotopic ileal neobladder using the FACT-BL scale.Methods One hundred and thirty patients underwent radical cystectomy and urinary diversion for invasive bladder cancer from Jan 2006 to Dec 2010 at our hospital.According to different urinary diversions,patients were divided into ileal conduit (IC) and orthotopic ileal neobladder (NB).HRQoL was assessed using FACT-BL.The following scores calculated from the FACT-BL questionnaire and list:physical well-being ( PWB ),social/family well-being ( SWB ),emotional well-being(EWB),functional well-being( FWB),overall bladder-special subscale and total FACT-BL were included.A high FACT score indicated a high level of HRQoL.The medical records of each patient were then reviewed.Clinical parameters including age,sex,type of diversion and pathological status were recorded and analyzed.Results A total of 94 questionnaires were collected,of these patients 50 had an IC and 44 had an NB.Among the respondents,the age at surgery was significantly younger in NB group than IC group (P =0.014 ).While the percent of males,follow-up years and pathological stage T3 or greater revealed no significant difference.The NB group got significantly higher scores in PWB,SWB,EWB and FACT-BL than the IC group.Which indicated that the HRQoL was higher in patients following orthotopic ileal neobladder.Conclusions The HRQoL was better in patients who followed orthotopic ileal neobladder than those who followed ileal conduit.This may indicate that orthotopic ileal neobladder should be considered first when making a decision about which urinary diversion should be used.

Objective To analyze the prevalence of passive smoking among inland residents in China from 2000 to 2009 and to analyze the differences between sex, urban/rural geographic distribution, different levels of economic development etc.. Methods Electronic search strategy was carried out, using WanFang database, China Journal Full-text database, VIP database, CBM and PubMed database to collect data on smoking, and passive smoking status, among residents in China.Fixed effects model or random effects model was employed according to statistical tests for homogeneity. Publication bias was assessed by rank correlation test. All statistical analysis was conducted with R 2.8.0. Results Nineteen studies were selected with a total of 195 349 non-smokers and 70 781 passive smokers involved. The overall prevalence of passive smoking was 47.04%(95%CI: 38.88%-55.27%). The prevalence of passive smoking was stratified by factors as sex, urban/rural, year and areas of the study, and areas where passive smoking was studied. The pooled prevalence rates of passive smoking were as follows: 44.80% (95%CI: 34.07%-55.79%) and 49.09%(95%CI:39.62%-58.59%) ,P＜0.05 for male and female;46.10%(95%CI:28.88%-63.82%),47.55%(95% CI: 17.85%-78.25% ), P＜0.05 for urban and rural, respectively. The pooled prevalence rates of passive smoking were 47.59% (95% CI: 38.31%-56.95% ) in the study year of 2000-2004 and 46.90% (95%CI: 33.19%-60.87% ) in 2005-2009 (P＜0.05). The pooled prevalence rates of passive smoking for eastern and western areas were 41.38%(28.88%-54.47%) and 74.38%(95%CI: 59.08% -87.10% ) (P＜0.05), and 73.03% (95%CI: 60.41% - 84.00% ), 14.72% (95%CI: 8.83%-21.82% )and 25.90% (95% CI: 5.65% - 54.24% ) for family, workplace and public place, respectively (P＜0.05). Conclusion The pooled prevalence of passive smoking was higher in females than males, in rural than in urban and in the western area than in the eastern areas. The prevalence of passive smoking in the study year of 2005-2009 was lower than of 2000-2004. The pooled passive smoking rate in the family was higher than in the workplace or in public.

Objective To summarize our experience in prevention and treatment of stricture after esopageal burns in the past thirty years.Methods There were 168 cases in this series.Of them,158 cases underwent surgical management in this study.Modified intraluminal stenting was used in 34 cases, colon interposition without resection of strictured esophagus in 77 cases,gastric transposion with resection of the stricture in 27,repair of cervical stricture with platysma myocutaneous flap in 22,and miscellane- ous operation in 12.Eleven cases experienced operation twice or more at our department.Results Twenty-nine cases recovered after treatment with intraluminal stenting,and 5 re-experienced stricture after stent removal.One of the 5 cases with failed stent responded to bougienage,and the remaining 4 cases re- quired esophageal reconstruction later.Of the 77 colon interpositions,5 cases died postoperatively,and complications of cervical anastomotic fistula occurred in 14 cases,anastomotic stenosis in 4,and abdomi- nal incision dehiscence in 2 cases.In the 27 cases with gastric transpositions,postoperative complications of anastomotic stricture occurred in 2 cases and empyema in 1 patient.There was a cervical leak in 3 ca- ses of the 22 cases treated with the repair of cervical esopageal or anastomotic stricture with a platysma myocutaneous flap.In the 12 cases treated with miscellaneous operation,one died of intestinal obstruc- tion.All the survivors had regular diet after discharge.Conclusions Intraluminal stenting can prevent the formation of caustic esophageal stricture.The location of the cicatricial esophagus dictates whether to perform concomitant esophagectomy during esophageal reconstruction.Platysma myocutaneous flap repair is an excellent method for the treatment of severe cervical esophageal or anastomotic stricture.

Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status of targeted population in the high-risk areas of iodine deficiency disorders in Chongqing, so as to provide scientific evidence for establishing prevention and remedial measures. Methods Six towns were selected in Chengkou and Wuxi Counties to found suspected dementia patients born after first Jan, 1997. Two hundred children aged 8-10 years were investigated in every town. The thyroid volume, intelligence quotient(IQ) and urinary iodine of the children were examined. Forty women (pregnant and nursing women) were investigated in every town. The iodine content of salt from their home was measured. The thyroid volume was examined by palpation and B-uhrasound. IQ was measured by combined Raven Test in China(CRT-RC2). Urinary iodine was determined using the acid digest arsenic-cerium contacting method, and iodined salt was detected using direct titration method. Results Six suspected dementia patients were found in the local town hospital. Five eases were excluded. There was 1 case born in other place. The rates of goiter by palpation and B-ultrasound were 9.58%(92/960) and 8.89%(65/731), respectively. The median of urinary iodine of children and women was 319.15 μg/L and 248.42 μg/L, respectively. The mean of IQ of the children was 103.32. The coverage rate of iodine salt from residents was 98.82%(336/340). Conclusions The iodine nutrition of children was good and there is no newly occurred cretinism in Chengkou and Wuxi Counties. Goiter rate and median of urinary iodine aged 8-10 years and of women, coverage rate of iodine salt from resident has meet the standard set for basical elimination iodine deficiency disorders.