Objective To compare the setup errors between single-site and two-site image guidance in treating multiple metastases using Tomotherapy.Methods A total of 1 220 sets of megavoltage CT (MVCT) images from 50 multiple metastases patients were collected.The setup errors of two anatomic sites were determined by registration of MVCT images with planning images.Bland-Altman plot analysis was used to assess the coincidence of these two methods.Pearson correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the correlation of the setup errors determined by two sets of data and to analyze the deviation values of setup errors.Results The deviation values of setup errors more than 3 mm between two sites were 34％,46％ and 28％ in lateral (x),longitudinal (y),vertical (z) directions,respectively.The deviation values of setup errors more than 5 mm were 10％,16％ and 8％,respectively.The BlandAltman plot analysis showed that the 95％ agreement limits of agreement were (9.3,-10.6),(10.5,-11.7),(7.3,-6.9) mm in x,y,z directions,respectively,which were all out of 5 mm tolerance.The Pearson coefficient of correlation along all three directions was less than 0.05,and R2 was 0.074,0.475,and 0.178 in x,y,z directions,respectively.Conclusions To determine the setup errors for patients with multiple metastases,single-site image guidance method is not consistent,and the two site image guidance method would be recommended.

Objective To approach the effects of full Marathon on striated muscle and renal function of Marathon amateurs without complaints. Methods A prospective self-paired design study was conducted. The amateurs without body discomfort, hematuria, brown urine, or persistent muscle pain within 1 week after the 2012 Xiamen International Marathon Race were enrolled voluntarily. The peripheral blood and random urine specimens of all subjects under static status 1 week before the race and after the race instantly (within 10 minutes after finishing the race) were collected to detect markers of renal function and striated muscle injury. Results Sixty-one subjects were included in the final analysis of the study with full Marathon of 42.195 km and mean race time of (297.05± 55.60) minutes. Compared with those under static status before the race, the markers of renal function including the levels of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucusamidase [NAG (U/L): 64.00 (54.50, 85.50) vs. 9.50 (8.10, 11.50)], urinary β2-microspheres protein [β2-MG (μg/L): 261.00 (128.50, 1 608.00) vs. 66.60 (33.75, 123.00)], random urinary creatinine [UCr (μmol/L): 19 066.56±10 938.31 vs. 5 872.52±4 363.20] and serum creatinine [SCr (μmol/L): 129.97±25.84 vs. 97.39±14.51] immediately after the race were significantly increased (all P < 0.01); the markers of muscle injury including the levels of serum creatine kinase [CK (U/L): 864.00 (504.00, 1 644.00) vs. 164.00 (128.00, 256.00)], lactic dehydrogenase [LDH (U/L): 383.26±141.69 vs. 182.23±41.12], myoglobin [Mb (mg/L): 1 880.00 (1 080.00, 3 300.00) vs. 42.00 (36.00, 54.50)], alanine aminotransferase [ALT (U/L): 27.0 (19.5, 38.0) vs. 24.0 (15.0, 29.5)] and aspartate transaminase [AST (U/L): 52.07±25.13 vs. 28.28±11.86] were also significantly increased (all P < 0.01), and the increase in CK, Mb, and LDH were more significant. It was shown by correlation analysis that CK after race was negatively correlated with age (r = -0.352, P = 0.005) and body mass index (r = -0.271, P = 0.035), and it was positively correlated with racing time (r = 0.387, P = 0.002) and urinary β2-MG after the race instantly (r = 0.364, P = 0.004). Mb after race was negatively correlated with body mass index (r = -0.331, P = 0.009), and it was positively correlated with urinary β2-MG after the race instantly (r = 0.315, P = 0.013). LDH after race was negatively correlated with age (r = -0.275, P = 0.032) and body mass index (r = -0.377, P = 0.003), and it was positively correlated with urinary β2-MG after the race instantly (r = 0.424, P = 0.001). Conclusion Full Marathon could significantly impact striated muscle and renal function of Marathon amateurs without complaints.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI)in differentiating non-metastatic from metastatic mesorectal lymph nodes in rectal cancer.Methods IVIM-DWI and DCE-MRI were performed preoperatively in 38 patients with histologically proven rectal carcinoma.The short axis diameter,short-to-long axis diameter ratio,four IVIM-based parameters (ADC,D,D? and f) and six DEC-MRI semi-quantitative parameters (Slope,Maxslope,CER,Washout,TTP,iAUC90 and iAUC180 )were compared between the metastatic (n=28)and non-metastatic (n=27)lymph nodes.Results There were significant statistical significances between the metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes in mean short axis diameter (8.87 mm±2.829 mm vs 6.83 mm±1.075 mm),D value[(0.824±0.1 13)× 10 -3 mm2/s vs (1.033±0.244)× 10 -3 mm2/s],CER(1.588 ±0.664 vs 1.054 ±0.41 9),iAUC90 (22.89 ± 9.83 vs 13.59 ± 5.34)and iAUC1 80 (49.38±20.1 9 vs 30.31 ± 1 1.67)(P ≤0.001).The short-to-long axis diameter ratio,ADC,D? ,f,Slope,Maxslope,Washout and TTP values did not show significant differences between the two groups(P >0.05).The respectively optimal cut-off value (area under the curve,sensitivity and specificity)for distinguishing metastatic from non-metastatic lymph nodes were as follows:short axis diameter=7.1 mm(0.744,64.2%,85.1%),D=0.906×10 -3 mm2/s (0.821,81.5%,75.0%),CER=1.05(0.749,85.7%,62.9%), iAUC90 =13.42(0.780,85.7%,62.9%),iAUC180 =49.65 (0.770, 50.0%,100%)respecyively.Conclusion Both IVIM-DWI and DCE-MRI are useful for differentiating non-metastatic from metastatic mesorectal lymph nodes in rectal cancer.

Nine compounds were isolated from the n-butanol fraction of 95% ethanol extract of the fruit of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. with a combination of various chromatographic approaches, including MDS resin, silica gel, reverse phase C18 and preparative HPLC. On the basis of spectroscopic data analysis, they were elucidated as (1R, 4R, 10R)-1β, 4α-dihydroxy-11, 12, 13-trinor-5, 6-eudesmen-7-one (1), 1β, 4β-dihydroxy-11, 12, 13-trinor-8, 9-eudesmen-7-one (2), oxyphyllenone A (3), oxyphyllenone B (4), rhamnocitrin (5), staphylionoside D (6), benzyl-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1S)-phenylethylene glycol (8), and (S)-1-phenylethyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (9). Among them, compound 1 is a new sesquiterpene, named as oxyphyllenone C; compounds 8 and 9 are new natural products; compounds 2 and 6 were isolated from the genus Alpinia for the first time, and compound 7 was isolated from A. oxyphylla for the first time.
1-Butanol ; Alpinia ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Phytochemicals ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Sesquiterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of inward rectifier potassium channel blockers (BaCl2, CsCl) on the functions of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs).

METHODSDensity gradient centrifugation-isolated rat hone marrow mononuclear cells were cultured in vitro. EPCs were harvested and seeded on six culture dish when cells grew to 3-5 passages. Before testing the EPCs were synchronized with M199, which contain 2% fetal calf serum. In the end, EPCs were treated with different intervention. The experiment mainly included two parts: (1) BaCl2 (100 micromol/L) and free BaC2 of Tyrodes solution; (2) CsCl (1 mmol/L) and control. Cell pretreated with blockers above mentioned for 12 h, then the gene expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), epoprotenol (PGI2) were assessed, beyond that the ability of adhesion, migration were assayed with different tests. In addition, the medium was collected when EPCs were treated for 3 days. The levels of SDF-1 were measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Going even further, EPCs were treated with the signal pathway blockers in advance, after repeat the above steps, in order to analyze the change of SDF-1 and then discuss its mechanism.

RESULTSCompared with control group, BaCl2, CsCl could increase EPC adhesion and migration to same extent. Moreover, the gene expression of SDF-1, PGI2 was significantly up-regulated and the production of SDF-1 increased evidently. Furthermore, the mechanism of SDF-1 secretion increasing mainly was associated with eNOS signaling pathways.

CONCLUSIONBa2+ and Cs+ play important roles in increasing EPCs functions, such as adhesion, migration and secretion.

Animals ; Barium Compounds ; pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cesium ; pharmacology ; Chemokine CXCL12 ; metabolism ; Chlorides ; pharmacology ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying ; antagonists & inhibitors ; physiology ; Rats ; Stem Cells ; cytology

Objective To explore the application value of monoexponential, biexponential models multiple b values diffusion weighted imaging(DWI) in distinguishing pancreatic cancer from non-tumorous pancreas.Methods Subjects comprised 37 pancreatic cancers confirmed by clinical or surgery.Pancreas multiple b values DWI was performed using 3.0T scanner.Standard apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCstandard) was calculated using monoexponential diffusion model.Pure diffusion coefficient (ADCslow), pseudodiffusion coefficient (ADCfast) and perfusion fraction (f) were calculated using intravoxel incoherent motion(IVIM) diffusion model.Parameters of pancreatic cancers and non-tumorous pancreas were compared using independent samples t test.Results Mean ADCslow value of pancreatic cancer was higher than that of non-tumorous pancreas (0.611×10-3 mm2/s vs 0.521×10-3 mm2/s,P=0.037).Mean ADCfast and f values of pancreatic cancer were lower than that of non-tumorous pancreas (5.066×10-3 mm2/s vs 7.188×10-3 mm2/s,P=0.035;55.8% vs 64.0%,P=0.016;respectively).ADCslow of pancreatic cancer was positively correlated to ADCstandard (r=0.824,P=0.000).ADCfast of pancreatic cancer was negatively correlated to f(r=-0.558,P=0.000).Conclusion ADCslow, ADCfast and f derived from IVIM-DWI model can distinguish pancreatic cancer from non-tumorous pancreas.IVIM-DWI may be a promising and non-invasive tool for early diagnosing and differentiating pancreatic carcinoma from non-tumorous pancreas.

The essay introduces the study on the performance monitoring tests for the resistance to wet bacterial penetration about surgical gowns and surgical drapes in accordance with ISO 22610.
Microbiological Techniques ; instrumentation ; methods ; Operating Rooms ; Protective Clothing ; microbiology ; standards ; Surgical Attire ; microbiology ; standards

Pure culture of Phlebopus portentosus was inoculated in the roots of coffee tree. The results indi-cated that the young fruit bodies would come out around the rhizomes of host tree after inoculation in 30 to 90 days, single or cluster, 3 to 4 days for mature, weight 20.0 g to 62.0 g. Brown rhizomorph and hyphae can be seen on the seedlings`rhizome, main root and side root while nothing is on the tip of the root.It was found that rhizomorph on the surface of roots would die after inoculation in 90 days in pot.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the relationship between Helicobacter pylori (Hp) in oral cavity and the Hp infection in stomach.

METHODS102 patients with gastric Hp infection and periodontitis were enrolled in this study. DNA was extracted from subgingival plaques, mouthwashes and stomach mucosa samples by using the glass-milk (SiO2) purification method. To identify the presence of Hp in these samples, PCR (polymerase chain reaction) was carried out, and two pairs of oligonucleotide primer were used to amplify a portion of gene urease C and gene cag A of Hp.

RESULTSThe rate of Hp detected in oral cavity was significantly higher in patients with positive Hp in stomach (43.1%, n=58) than in those with negative Hp in stomach (22.7%, n=44, P<0.05). After the treatment for gastric Hp infection for 4 weeks, the eradication rate of Hp in stomach was lower, but only slightly in patients with positive oral Hp (16/25, 64%) than in those with negative oral Hp (24/33, 72.7%). However, this difference became apparent (36.0% vs 63.6%, P<0.05) after one year of the treatment.

CONCLUSIONSThe effectiveness of the eradication therapy for gastric Hp infection is affected by the presence of Hp in oral cavity. Oral colonization of Hp may imply that there is a risk of the relapses of gastric and duodenal Hp infection and ulcer after the antibiotics treatment for the eradication of Hp.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Helicobacter Infections ; complications ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Helicobacter pylori ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth ; microbiology ; Recurrence ; Stomach ; microbiology

The LEAFY (LFY) homologous gene of Dendrobium moniliforme (L.) Sw. was cloned by new primers which were designed based on the conservative region of known sequences of orchid LEAFY gene. Partial LFY homologous gene was cloned by common PCR, then we got the complete LFY homologous gene Den LFY by Tail-PCR. The complete sequence of DenLFY gene was 3 575 bp which contained three exons and two introns. Using BLAST method, comparison analysis among the exon of LFY homologous gene indicted that the DenLFY gene had high identity with orchids LFY homologous, including the related fragment of PhalLFY (84%) in Phalaenopsis hybrid cultivar, LFY homologous gene in Oncidium (90%) and in other orchid (over 80%). Using MP analysis, Dendrobium is found to be the sister to Oncidium and Phalaenopsis. Homologous analysis demonstrated that the C-terminal amino acids were highly conserved. When the exons and introns were separately considered, exons and the sequence of amino acid were good markers for the function research of DenLFY gene. The second intron can be used in authentication research of Dendrobium based on the length polymorphism between Dendrobium moniliforme and Dendrobium officinale.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; Dendrobium ; genetics ; Exons ; Introns ; Orchidaceae ; genetics ; Phylogeny ; Plant Leaves ; genetics ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; Plants, Medicinal ; genetics ; Sequence Alignment ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid