A novel polymer- overoxidized polypyrrole film chemically modified electrode (CME) as the liquid chromatography-electrochemical detector (LC-ECD) was fabricated and applicated, which could be used to determine the monoamine neurotransmitters. The experimental model of parkinsonian animal was established by using medicine. Microdialysis sampling coupled with LC-ECD was used to monitor the monoamine neurotransmitters and their metabolites in experimental animal brain in vivo under different situations. The mechanism of experimental animal's Parkinsonian disease was studied elementarily. An accurate and reliable analysis method was supplied for filting the new and the more effective medicine to cure parkinsonian disease.

Objective To determine the current prevalence and risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MS) among adult residents in Chinese developed areas.Methods The clinical data of 6614 adult residents,including 4051 women,from Guangdong and Jiangsu provinces from China Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study (2007-2008) were analyzed.Age and sex standardized prevalences of MS were calculated according to the criteria of Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS),US National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel Ⅲ (ATP Ⅲ),International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and Joint Interim Statement (JIS),respectively.Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors of MS.Results Age and sex standardized prevalences of MS were 17.88％ (CDS),28.50％ (ATP Ⅲ),21.99％ (IDF) and 31.50％ (JIS),respectively.The prevalences of residents with at least one metabolic abnormality were 67.86％ (CDS) 79.56％ (ATP Ⅲ),79.62％ (IDF) and 80.74％ (JIS),respectively.MS was more common in female than in male by the ATPⅢ and IDF criterion (ATPⅢ:30.63％ vs 26.45％,P ＜0.01 ; IDF:26.04％ vs 17.91％,P ＜ 0.01),while the prevalence was higher in male by CDS criteria (15.94％ vs 19.87％,P ＜0.01).There was no significant difference in the MS prevalence between the rural and the urban residents.Kappa test showed ATP Ⅲ and JIS criteria were most homogenous (κ =0.95,P ＜ 0.01).The risk factors for MS by the logistic regression model were male,older age,lower degree of education,family history of hypertension and obesity,drinker as well as uncontrolled diet.Conclusion The prevalence of MS is high in the adult residents of Chinese developed areas (Guangdong and Jiangsu provinces),whatever diagnostic criterion was used.Effective measures should be taken to control the modifiable MS risk factors.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard of Liyan mixture. METHODS:TLC was conducted to identify the Scrophularia ningpoensis,Terminalia chebula and Glycyrrhiza uralensis;HPLC was conducted to determine the content of chloro-genic acid. The column was Agilent Eclipse Plus C18 with mobile phase of methanol-0.2% phosphoric acid (18:82,V/V) at flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 327 nm,column temperature was 30 ℃ and the injection volume was 20 μl. RE-SULTS:TLC showed S. ningpoensis,T. chebula and G. uralensis had clear spots and good separation. There was no interference for negative control. The linear range of chlorogenic acid was 0.16-1.6 μg(r=0.999 9);RSDs of precision,stability and reproduc-ibility tests were lower than 1.0%,recovery was 96.9%-101.4%(RSD=1.17%,n=9). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple and reproducible,and can be used for the quality control of Liyan mixture.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the clinical features and treatment methods for simple orbital blowout fracture. METHOD: Retrospective analysis of the CT images of 16 orbital blowout fracture case, and identification of the sites, degree, patterns and features of fractures. Among the 16 cases, 2 cases adopted conservative treatment; 11 cases gained a reduction of orbital fracture through endoscopic transnasal surgery; the other 3 patients choosed endoscopic transnasal surgery and Caldwell-Luc operations. RESULT: Among 16 diplopia cases, 13 cases were completely cured, and 3 patients' vision were significantly improved. Among 11 enophthalmos cases, 10 patients were cured, and the effect of the other one was not satisfied. Among the 15 eye movement disorder cases, 13 patients' eye movement gained a full recovery, and the other 2 cases were nearly normal. All patients' vision were improved in different extents, and no one got a complication. CONCLUSION Computerized Tomography is helpful to the diagnosis of simple orbital blowout fracture. Caldwell-Luc operation with transnasal endoscope is an effective method for the treatment of orbital fractures.
Diplopia ; etiology ; Endoscopy ; Enophthalmos ; etiology ; Humans ; Orbital Fractures ; complications ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective:To explore the curative effect of acupuncture combined with huanglian wendan decoction on the mild cognitive impairment after stroke.Methods:100 patients with mild cognitive impairment after stroke were enrolled in our hospital from June 2013 to August 2016 and randomly divided into two groups.The control group (n=50) accepted nimodipine,and the study group (n=50)accepted huanglian wendan decoction combined with acupuncture treatment based on the control group.The MMSE and MSSS scores were evaluated and compared,and the improvement of cognitive dysfunction and nervous dysfunction,quality of life were compared and analyzed.Results:After treatment,the MMSE,ADL scores of patients were remarkably decreased compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05),and the decreasing degree of study group was significantly higher than those of the control group (P＜0.05).The MSSS,MBI scores of both groups were significantly increased compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05),and the increasing degree of study group was significantly higher than those of the control group (P＜0.05).The effective rates of improvement in cognitive dysfunction and nervous dysfunction,quality of life of study group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusions:Huanglian wendan decoction combined with acupuncture treatment was effective for the mild cognitive impairment after stroke and could improve the quality of life.

ObjectiveTo study the MRI features of children with cerebral palsy(CP) resulting from anoxia.Methods The clinical and MRI findings in 83 premature or mature children affected by cerebral palsy resulting from PVL were reviewed retrospectively to search for the MRI features and the data were analyzed by statistic. Results1. MRI features of CP children resulting from anoxia were clearly demonstrated:1) MRI features of PVL: reduction of white matter ;T2W signal hyperintensity in white matter; ventricle enlarged or irregular appearance; lateral fissure;deepened or widened Sulci;and abnormal corpus callossum; 2) other abnormal MRI features: basal ganglion damaged; cerebral cortex atrophy or malacia. 2.Differences in MRI features between premature and mature CP children: there are significant differences between premature and mature children at malacia and cyst of deep white matter; enlargement and irregularity of the lateral ventricles. ConclusionsMRI examination can clearly display the level and scope of focus of PVL,and the differences in MRI features between premature and mature children.The level and degree of premature children are deeper and more extensive than those of mature children.Cyst and malacia in deep white matter,enlargement and irregularity of the lateral ventricles occur more frequantly in premature children.

ObjectiveTo study the MR images findings of acute spinal cord stab wound injury. MethodsThe clinical material and MRI findings of 12 patients with acute spinal cord stab wound injury within 7 days were reviewed retrospectively with 1.0 T magnet. Results4 of 12 patients had the Brown-Sequards's Syndrome, the locations of wound injury are mainly within T6-8 level. MRI findings of pathway of the stab wound were seen in all cases. Many other signals including artefact of knife track, spinal cord injury, edema, hemorrhage, and hematoma of subdural and epidural were also seen in some cases. The location relationship of the hematoma to dura in distinguishing a subdural hematoma from an epidural hematoma by MR images is important, injury of the ligamentum flavum and anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments and spinal dura can be diagnosed by either absence or interruption of the normal linear low-signal-intensity band.Conclusions MR images allows vasualization of intramedullary injury, extramedullary injury and injury to spinal ligaments and dura. T 2 -weighted images can be helpful in visualization of the knife track extending from the skin surface to the spinal canal.

Aim To study inhibitory effect of 5-fluorouracil encapsulated by galactosylceramide liposomes (5-Fu-GCL)on 5-Fu-resistent HepG_2 cells and its mechanisms. Methods Inhibitory effect of 5-Fu-GCL on established model of 5-Fu-resistant HepG_2 cells was assessed with MTT assay in vitro. The concentration-time course of 5-Fu-GCL in intracellular fluid was detected with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Thymidylic acid synthase (TS) expression was observed with immunohistochemical method,and NO content was determined with chemical method. Results Obvious inhibitory effects of 5-Fu-GCL (75,150,300,600,1200?mol?L-1) on 5-Fu-resistant HepG_2 cells were observed with IC_ 50 of 158.6 ?mol?L-1,far lower than that of free 5-Fu (400.9 ?mol?L-1). 5-Fu-GCL (300 ?mol?L-1) inhibited 5-Fu-resistant HepG_2 cells in a time-dependent manner,and the inhibitory effect of 5-Fu-GCL was stronger than that of free 5-Fu during 12～48 h. Compared with free 5-Fu,5-Fu-GCL (300 ?mol?L-1) increased the content of intracellular fluid in 5-Fu-resistant HepG_2 cells. 5-Fu-GCL(62.5,300,1200 ?mol?L-1) not only inhibited the expression of TS,but also increased the production of NO in 5-Fu-resistant HepG_2 cells,and these effects of 5-Fu-GCL(300,1200 ?mol?L-1) were stronger than those of free 5-Fu. Conclusion 5-Fu-GCL has inhibitory effect on 5-Fu-resistant HepG_2 cells. The effect may be related to the increased concentration of 5-Fu-GCL in intracellular fluid,inhibited expression of TS and increased production of NO.

BackgroundWith the increasing prevalence of dry eye and the continuous improvement of living standards,the problem of dry eye more and more get the attention of people.At present,China still lacks the large population-based epidemiological data of dry eye. Objective To investigate the prevalence and possible risk factors of dry eye in a community of Huidong County of population aged 14 and over.Methods From September 2010 to January 2011,using questionnaires and examination of dry eye related,2800 people were selected randomly for cross-sectional survey.Those suspected as dry eye were examed by the SchirmerⅠtest ( S Ⅱ T),tear-film breakup time(BUT),corneal fluorescein staining(F1).Results In the 2475 questionnaire effectively,154 persons were diagnosed as dry eye,and the prevalence rate of dry eye was 6.22％,8.06％in females,4.14％in males.The prevalence rate increases with age.The S Ⅰ T and BUT decreased with increasing age.S Ⅰ T and BUT in females are less than males.Foreign body sensation is the primary complaints of patients.Logistic analysis showed that the most common risk factors in dry eye are age and gender.The system disease and eye diseases,eye fatigue and long exposure to dust are also main determinants.ConclusionsThe population prevalence rate of dry eye increased with age,the prevalence rate of dry eye in females is higher than that in males.The key factors associated with dry eye are age,gender,systemic disease and eye diseases,occupation,working environment.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the reason and strategy for failure of posterior pedicle screw short-segment internal fixation on thoracolumbar fractures.

METHODSFrom March 2008 to December 2010,the clinical data of 18 patients with thoracolumbar fracture failed in posterior pedicle screw short-segment internal fixation were retrospectively analyzed. There were 11 males and 7 females with an average age of 37.2 years (ranged, 19 to 63). The time from the first operation to complication occurrence was from 6 to 44 months with an average of 14.3 months. Of them,fusion failure was in 7 cases (combined with screw breakage in 4 cases), the progressive neuro-dysfunction was in 5 cases,the progressive lumbodorsal pain was in 6 cases. All 18 patients with kyphosis were treated with anterior internal fixation remaining posterior fixation (9 cases) and anterior internal fixation after posterior fixation removal (9 cases).

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up from 18 to 50 months with an average of 30.5 months. No intetnal fixation loosening and breakage were found, moreover, X-ray and lamellar CT showed bone healing well. Preoperative, postoperative at 3 months and at final follow-up, ODI score was respectively 31.6+/-5.1, 8.6+/-5.7, 8.3+/-3.2; VAS score was respectively 7.2+/-2.3, 2.3+/-0.7, 2.1+/-1.1; kyphosis angle was respectively (-21.2/-+7.8 degreeso, (-5.3+/-6.8 degrees ), (-5.8+/-7.8 )degrees. Compared with preoperative data ,above-listed items had obviously ameliorated(P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONTreatment of thoracolumbar fracture with posterior pedicle screw short-segment internal fixation may result in the complications such as bone nonunion ,internal fixation breakage and progressive kyphosis. Anterior reconstruction may be a good strategy for the failure of posterior operation.

Adult ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; adverse effects ; methods ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery