BACKGROUND:It is wel-known that mechanical stimulation could promote fracture healing. However, what kind of mechanical stimulation induced by treadmil exercise can increase the bone conductibility of bone material and promote the healing of bone defect is stil unclear.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the influence of indirect mechanical stimulation produced by treadmil exercise on bone defect healing and osteogenesis of bone materials.
METHODS:Sprague-Dawley rats at 12 weeks old were used in this study to establish a bone defect of 3 mm in diameter and height at the left distal femur. Afterwards, calcium sulphate scaffolds were implanted into the defects. The rats were divided into treadmil exercise group and control group. Treadmil exercise was began at 1 week postoperatively, 10 m/min, 45 minutes per day, 5 days per week, for 3 weeks. Control group did not receive any exercise. Micro-computed tomography was used to determine bone formation in the bone defects at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after surgery. The sections of left distal femur were subject to hematoxylin-eosin staining, the new bone formation and degradation of bone materials in the bone defects were observed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Micro-CT analysis showed that, a smal amount of new bone formed in both treadmil exercise group and control group at 1 week after surgery. In treadmil exercise group, new bone formation was significantly higher than the control group at 2, 3, 4 weeks (P<0.05). At 4 weeks, histological results also confirmed the difference of new bone formation in bone defect between treadmil exercise group and control group. In addition, bone mineral density of treadmil exercise group was higher than that of control group at 2, 3, 4 weeks, but no significant difference was found (P>0.05). The results suggest that moderate treadmil exercise could promote bone defect healing and enhance osteoconductivity of bone substitute.

Adult ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; complications ; Humans ; Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathies ; complications

Abnormalities, Multiple ; genetics ; pathology ; Child, Preschool ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diarrhea ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency ; complications ; Fever ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Fingers ; abnormalities ; Humans ; Male ; Pancreatic Diseases ; etiology ; Syndrome

0.05),but the expression in controls were negative.The expression levels of PRAME gene at remission was decreased obviously,but increased again when the patients relapsed.Conclusions Expression of PRAME gene has a high level in childhood acute leukemia.The dynamic changes are closely related with the prognosis.It can be regarded as a candidate for detecting minimal residual disease in acute leukemia,and may have important implications for estimating the prognosis and guiding the chemical therapy.

BACKGROUND: Current studies on CD62P have focused mainly on cardiovascular diseases, while only few studies have evaluated the effects of CD62P on the development of sepsis and the association between endothelial cell injury with inflammation and coagulation. This study attended to explore the association between endothelial cell injury with inflammation and coagulation by evaluating the expression of soluble CD62P (s-CD62P) in plasma and its mechanism in patients with sepsis, thus to provide the evidence of effective treatment of sepsis with anti-adhesion therapy targeted CD62P. METHODS: A total of 70 critically ill patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) between September 2009 and February 2010 were enrol ed for a prospective and control study. According to the diagnostic criteria of sepsis/SIRS, the patients were divided into two groups: a sepsis group (n=38) and a SIRS group (n=32). Another 20 healthy volunteers served as a control group. Patients in the sepsis group and SIRS group were matched by clinical signs of high blood pressure, diabetes and its complications. The demographics of the patients including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking and alcohol addict were compared among the groups. Six mL peripheral blood samples were collected within 24-hour admission in ICU for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect the plasma levels of s-CD62P, TNF-α, and hs-CRP. And variables of coagulation function such as platelet (PLT), prothrombin (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), D-dimer and antithrombin-III (AT-III) were analyzed during 24 hours after admission to ICU. Meanwhile sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score of critically ill patients was evaluated. Data were expressed as mean±standard deviation and were statistical y analyzed by using SPSS 17.0 statistical software. The differences in plasma levels of s-CD62P of patients in each group were analyzed by ANOVA and the Kruskal-Wallis test. The relations between s-CD62P and inflammatory cytokines as well as with coagulation were determined by Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient analysis. Changes were considered as statistically significant if P value was less than 0.05. RESULTS: Compared with the control group and SIRS group, the sepsis group demonstrated significantly higher levels of s-CD62P, TNF-α and highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (P<0.05). The plasma levels of D-dimer, PT, and APTT in the sepsis and SIRS groups were significantly higher than those in the control group, while the platelet count and the activity of AT-III were obviously lower (P<0.05). In the sepsis group, the plasma levels of hs-CRP and TNF-α were positively correlated with PT, APTT, and D-dimer, and negatively correlated with AT-III and PLT (P<0.05). The plasma levels of s-CD62P were significantly correlated with the plasma levels of TNF-α, hs-CRP, D-dimer, PT, and APTT, whereas they were correlated negatively well with PLT and AT-III (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The concentration of plasma s-CD62P is elevated as a early biomarker in patients with sepsis, and it serves as one of the pathogenic factors responsible for endothelial cell damage. Coagulation and mediators of inflammation promote each other, aggravating the severity of sepsis. Plasma s-CD62P may be an important factor for the development of coagulation and inflammatory reaction.

OBJECTIVETo discuss the clinical effects of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) for treatment of patients with Lisfranc injury combined the second metatarsal base comminuted fracture.

METHODSFrom March 2007 to June 2012, 7 patients with Lisfranc injury combined the second metatarsal base comminuted fracture were treated including 5 males and 2 female aged from 22 to 51 years old (means 42 years), 4 of sprain and 3 of traffic injury. According Myerson classification, there was 1 case of type A, 3 of type B and 3 of type C. Kirschner wire was used to fix Lisfranc ligament placing from the medial cuneiform bone to the second metatarsal base during the operation. After the operation American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) criteria system were applied to evaluate the foot and ankle function. Preoperative and postoperative AP, lateral and oblique X-ray and CT scan were collected for radiographic evaluation.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 12 to 20 months (16.8 months in average). According to AOFAS criteria system, 3 cases were excellent result,3 good, 1 fair. All the wounds were primary healing without skin necrosis, infection, Kirschner loose,broken, or other complications.

CONCLUSIONKirschner wire had good clinical efficacy for fixing Lisfranc ligament injury with the second metatarsal base comminuted fracture, and could avoid arthrodesis.

Adult ; Bone Wires ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Metatarsal Bones ; injuries ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Tarsal Joints ; injuries ; surgery ; Wound Healing

CD38 is a multifunctional enzyme expressed in a variety of mammalian tissues, its catalytic activity was involved in a wide range of physiological processes. Based on the reported inhibitor of human CD38 NADase, 33 purine derivatives were designed and synthesized. The biological activity assay showed that compounds 20 and 38 exhibited almost the same extent of inhibitory activities on human CD38 NADase as the lead compound H2. The results also revealed that small substituents at C-6 of purine ring gave no obvious effect on inhibitory activity, but phenylpropionyl moiety at N-2 could affect the binding mode of the compound with CD38. This study provides a reliable basis for future rational design of inhibitors for CD38.
ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Humans ; Purines ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo observe the expression and clinical implication of plasma miR-328 in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).

METHODSFifty-eight patients with AF (AF group: 17 paroxysmal AF, 21 persistent AF, and 20 permanent AF) and 15 healthy volunteers (Control group) were included. General clinical data and related biochemical parameters were collected. Plasma miR-328 levels were detected with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis. The correlation between plasma miR-328 and AF risk factors was analyzed.

RESULTS(1) Compared with the control group, the expression level of plasma miR-328 was significantly elevated in AF group (fold 7.72 ± 9.32) (P < 0.05). (2) In AF group, the expression of plasma miR-328 was significantly different in different type of AF[paroxysmal AF with (1.98 ± 0.81), persistent AF with (6.57 ± 5.82) and permanent AF with (13.47 ± 12.29)] (P < 0.05), and which was increased in proportion to the duration of AF. (3) There was a positive correlation between plasma miR-328 level and left atrial diameter in the AF group (r = 0.310, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONmiR-328 expression is significantly increased in patients with AF, which may be involved in the atrial remodeling process of AF.

Aged ; Atrial Fibrillation ; blood ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; MicroRNAs ; blood ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo study DNA damage, Bcl-2 and Bax expression, and ultrastructure change in spermatogenic cell of mice by cadmium exposure.

METHODSTwenty-four male mice were divided into 4 groups: 3 groups treated with cadmium chloride of 1, 5, 10 micromol x kg(-1) x d(-1) i.p. respectively for 5 days, and one normal saline control group. The DNA damage of spermatogenic cell by single-cell gel electrophoresis technology was detected. The expression positive rate of Bcl-2, Bax protein in spermatogenic cell by the immunohistochemical method was assayed, and the ultrastructural change of spermatogenic cell by the transmission electron microscope was observed.

RESULTSDNA damage rates of of spermatogenic cell in 1, 5, 10 micromol/kg cadmium chloride groups were higher than that of normal group (P < 0.001). Bcl-2 protein expression positive rates were lower than that of normal group (P < 0.001). Bax protein positive expression rate in 5 micromol/kg group was higher than those in normal group, and 1, 10 micromol/kg groups. The ultrastructure of karyotis, karyotheca, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum in three treated groups had different degree of damage and the degree of ultrastructural change was increasing with rising concentration of cadmium.

CONCLUSIONCadmium exposure will cause the DNA break, Bcl-2 and Bax protein abnormal expression and ultrastructural change in spermatogenic cell.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cadmium Chloride ; toxicity ; DNA Damage ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

To assay the influence of dendritic cells(DCs)on the function of anti-infective immunity to Penicillium marneffei.DCs were generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC)and pulsed with Penicillium marneffei yeasts.DCs morphology was observed by the inverted microscope and cell surface markers of DCs were analyzed by flow cytometry.The concentrations of IL-12p70 were detected by ELISA. Mixed lymphocyte reaction was performed to assay the proliferation of T cells.The mRNA of CCR7 and CXCR4 were detected by the Real-time PCR quantifications.The acquired DCs exhibited irregular appearance and numerous long dendrites under light microscope.DCs and Penicillium marneffei yeasts were co-cultured for 24 h,numerous yeasts were observed inside the cells;an enhanced expression of the cell sur-face markers CD86、CD83、HLA-DR and CD40 were demonstrated;the expression of CCR7 and CXCR4 mRNA were also increased;the improved proliferation of T cells were observed in the mixed lymphocyte reaction.Yeasts-pulsed DCs secreted more IL-12p70 than that of non-pulsed,but less than that of LPS-pulsed DCs.DCs can engulf the Penicillium marneffei yeasts.When pulsed with Penicillium marneffei yeasts,DCs improved their expression of the co-stimulatory molecules and chemokine receptor CCR7、CXCR4,enhanced their capacity to process antigen.DCs play an important role in host defense against Penicillium marneffei infection.But the low level of the IL-12p70 production may lead to deficiency in the cell-mediated immunity against Penicillium marneffei.