Animals ; Ear, Inner ; growth & development ; Mice ; MicroRNAs

Aim To research the protective effect and mechanisms of taurine on myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats. Methods Myocardial ischemia reperfusion models were established in SD rats. The effects of taurine on the size of myocardial infarction and the changes of activity of SOD , and the levels of MDA and NO in myocardium and plasma of rats with myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury were observed. Results In rats with myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury, the taurine could reduce the size of myocardial infarction (P

In this paper, based on the special influence of supramolecular chemistry on the basic theory of Chinese medicines ( CM) , the authors further analyzed the history of meridian tropism and natural origins of CM organisms and explained CM ingredients and the universal regularity of the automatic action of the supramolecular "imprinting templates" hole channel structure. After entering human bodies, CMs, as the aggregation of supramolecular "imprinting templates" , automatically seek supramolecular subjects that are matched with their "imprinting templates" in human meridians and organs for the purpose of self-recognition, self-organization, self-assembly and self-replication, so as to generate specific efficacy in meridians and organs, which is reflected as the meridian tropism phenomena at macro level. This regularity can be studied by in vitro and in vivo experimental studies. In vitro methods are mostly supra molecular structure analysis and kinetic and thermodynamic parameter calculation; Whereas in vivo methods are dominated by the analysis on object component distribution, chromatopharmacodynamic parameters and network chromatopharmacodynamic parameters; Particularly, the acupoint-medicine method can simplify to study the supramolecular subject-object relations. Consequently, CM's'meridian tropism reveals the universal regularity for interactions of macromolecular and micromolecular "imprinting templates" of subjects and objects in natural organisms. As the first barrier for the material base of the CM theory and breakthrough in the modernization of the basic CM theory, meridian tropism plays an important role in studies on basic theories of the basic CM theory.
Acupuncture Points ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Meridians

Objective To study the regulation of microRNA 199a (miR-199a) on adhesion,migration and invasion ability of human eutopic endometrial stromal cells (ESC) from patients with endometriosis.Methods ESC were transfected with miR-199a mimics or negative control (NC) RNA by lipofectamine 2000.The adhesion,migration and invasion ability of ESC were detected by cell adhesion assay,scratch assay,cell migration assay and matrigel invasion assay,respectively.Luciferase reporter assay was used to evaluate whether IKKβ was the target gene of miR-199a.The expression of ikappa B kinase beta (IKKβ),inhibitory kappa B alpha (IκB-α),phospho-IκB-α (p-IκB-α) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF κB) protein were measured by western blot.Results ( 1 ) Adhesion potential:the adhesion inhibitory rates were ( 14 ± 4 )％ in miR-199a group and 0 in control group,which showed significant difference (P＜0.01 ).(2) Migration and invasion:in the scratch assay,ESC transfected with miR-199a exhibited a lower scratch closure rate than that of controls.In migration and invasion assays,the migration and invasion ability of miR-199a group were significantly decreased compared with those of NC group [ 130 ± 31 vs.247±36 (P＜0.01); 63 ± 15 vs.133 ± 17 (P＜0.01),respectively].(3) The luciferase activity of miR-199a group was significantly lowered than that of control group [ 0.160 ± 0.006 vs.0.383 ± 0.083 ( P ＜0.01 ) ].The protein levels of IKKβ,p-IκB-α,IκB-α and NF-κB of 0.350 ±0.195,0.443 ±0.076,1.970 ±0.486 and 0.454 ± 0.147 in miR-199a group were significantly different compared with the NC group in which the protein levels were set at 1.000 ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions miR-199a can inhibit the adhesion,migration and invasion of the ESC.IKKβ is the target gene of miR-199a in ESC.One of the mechanisms of the inhibition effect is probably that miR-199a inhibits the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway by targeting IKKβ gene.

Objective RNPC1 may act as an oncogene or suppressor gene in human tumors and its role in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains unclear.The objective of this study was to investigate the role of RNPC1 in the development of RCC.Methods Over-expression of RNPC1 gene group (RNPC1 group) and short hairpin RNA interfering RNPC1 gene expression (shRNPC1 group) were respectively built in RCC CAKI-1 and CAKI-2.The blank control group (NC group) and negative control group (SCR group) were built as well.The qRT-PCR and western blot (WB) were used to detect the expression levels of RNPC1 mRNA and RNPC1 protein in RCC cells.Lentivirus infection was applied to establish stable expressed RCC cell lines of RNPC1 over-expression and interference.Detection was made on mRNA and protein expression levels in RNPC1 stable RCC cell lines.The effects of RNPC1 on cell proliferation, colony formation assay, migration, and invasion were detected by CCK-8 cell differentiation test, clone test, scratch test, and migration and invasion test.WB was applied to detect the change of protein expression in the EMT path of RNPC1 stable RCC cell lines and explore the molecular mechanism of RNPC1 effect on the biological function of RCC cells.Results The expression levels of RNPC1 mRNA and protein were found lower in shRNPC1 group than those in SCR group, while the expression levels of RNPC1 mRNA and protein in SCR group were higher than those NC group (P<0.05).The capability of proliferation in shRNPC1 group was stronger than that in SCR group, while the capability of proliferation in shRNPC1 group was weaker than that in NC group (P<0.05).The capabilities of cell migration and invasion were stronger in shRNPC1 group than those in SCR group, while the capabilities of cell migration and invasion in RNPC1 group were weaker than those in NC group (P<0.05).RNPC1 could inhibit the proliferation capability of RCC cells and might up-regulate the protein expression of E-cadherin and down-regulate the protein expression of β-catenin and vimentin, thus inhibiting EMT path and the capabilities of migration and invasion off RCC cells (P<0.05).Conclusion RNPC1 acts as a tumor suppressor in RCC and has the potential for the prediction of RCC prognosis.

Objective To compare of the effect of intravenous zoledronic acid and calcitonin on the elderly with osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures.Methods From June 2009 to November 2012,610 patients with osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures were treated with closed reduction and internal fixation.543 consecutive patients were grouped sequentially according to the admission time.From June 2009 to April 2011,control group (n=325)received calcitonin for osteoporosis (male 107,female 218,mean age 75.02±5.65 years).The number of Evans-Jensen type Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ type patients were 87,136,and 102,respectively.Average lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) and hip BMD were 0.737±0.08 g/cm2 and 0.725±0.05 g/cm2,respectively.From May 2011 to November 2012,218 patients (male 82,female 136,mean age 74.71±5.32 years) received zoledronic acid for osteoporosis.The number of Evans-Jensen type Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ type patient were 62,91 and 65,respectively.Average lumbar BMD and hip BMD were 0.738±0.05 g/cm2 and 0.722±0.06 g/cm2,respectively.All patients received once-yearly intravenous zoledronic acid in one week after operation.The BMD during hospitalization and one year after operation were compared between the two groups.Harris score and VAS score were applied to evaluate the function and pain degree of the operated hip joint.Results The average follow-up time were 12.8 months (range,5 to 22 months) in control group and 12.5 months (range,4 to 19 months) in treatment group.The average fracture union time,Harris score,VAS score were 14.25±1.38 weeks,68.88±5.71 points,and 0.36±0.55 points respectively in treatment group and 14.39± 1.12 weeks,69.47±4.60 points,and 0.33±0.48 points respectively in control group.There were no statistical differences between two groups in fracture union time,Harris score and VAS score.The average lumbar BMD and hip BMD were 0.76±0.06 g/cm2 and 0.75±0.04 g/cm2 in treatment group,which were 0.75±0.07 g/cm2 and 0.74± 0.07 g/cm2 in control group one year after operation,respectively.Compared with the baseline,the BMD of lumbar spine and hip one year after operation slightly increased without statistically significant difference in control group.The BMD increased significantly in treatment group.Conclusion Early administration of intravenous zoledronic acid does not influence bone healing and it could increase BMD one year after closed reduction and internal fixation.

Anticonvulsants ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsies, Myoclonic ; complications ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Female ; Fever ; complications ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Prognosis ; Seizures ; drug therapy ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Severity of Illness Index

Retinopathy is a major cause of morbidity in diabetes and remains the primary cause of new blindness. Therefore, it is necessary to find new drug to treat diabetic retinopathy. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats were induced by injection (ip) with streptozotocin (STZ) 35 mg x kg(-1) and fed with a high-carbohydrate/high-fat diet 2 weeks later. From week 17 to 32, diabetic rats were given different doses of berberine 75, 150, and 300 mg x kg(-1), fenofibrate 100 mg x kg(-1) and rosiglitazone 4 mg x kg(-1), separately. Retinal structure was observed with hematoxylin-eosin staining and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) alpha/delta/gamma protein expressions were detected by immunohistochemistry. The retina of control rats was thicker than that of other groups, 16 weeks treatment with berberine (150 and 300 mg x kg(-1)) and rosiglitazone 4 mg x kg(-1) thickened the diabetic retina, but no difference existed in retinal structure among groups. Both berberine (150 and 300 mg x kg(-1)) and rosiglitazone 4 mg x kg(-1) significantly decreased PPARy expression in diabetic retina; while berberine (150 and 300 mg x kg(-1)) and fenofibrate 100 mg x kg(-1) obviously increased both PPARalpha and PPARdelta expressions in diabetic retina. Berberine modulates PPARalpha/delta/gamma protein levels in diabetic retina which may contribute to ameliorate retinopathy complication induced by STZ and a high-carbohydrate/high-fat diet. It is expected that berberine might be a more beneficial drug to treat diabetic retinal complication comparing with fenofibrate and rosiglitazone.
Animals ; Berberine ; pharmacology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; metabolism ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; metabolism ; Fenofibrate ; pharmacology ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; pharmacology ; Male ; PPAR alpha ; metabolism ; PPAR delta ; metabolism ; PPAR gamma ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Retina ; metabolism ; pathology ; Thiazolidinediones ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo detect the expressions of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) mRNA and protein and to explore potentially promising tumor markers and conceivable drug target in bladder cancer.

METHODSThe expressions of RTKs mRNA and protein in tissue from invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder were examined by real-time quantitative PCR array and cytokine antibody array, with normal bladder tissue as control. The Results were analyzed using bioinformatic approaches.

RESULTSThe expressions of TGFA, STAB1, SERPINE1, ANGPT2, SPINK5, ANGPTL1, PROK1, MDK, CXCL9, GRN, RUNX1, VEGFA, and TGFB1 were obviously upregulated in bladder cancer tissue, while those of EDIL3, PTN, CCL2, PDGFD, FGF13, KITLG, FGF2, SERPINF1, and TNF were downregulated. ALK, Btk, EphB2, ErbB4, PDGFR-α, ROS, Tie-2, Tyk2, and VEGFR3 were over-expressed in bladder cancer, while FRK, Fyn, IGF-IR, Insulin R, Itk, JAK1, JAK3, and LCK were low-expressed.

CONCLUSIONVascular endothelial growth factor/platelet-derived growth factor-targeted therapies may play an active role in treating carcinoma of bladder.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; metabolism ; Humans ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo detect the expression of PSF1 (partner of Sld five 1) in colon cancer specimens, and to explore the effect of RNA interference targeting PSF1 on the proliferation of colon cancer cells and its mechanism.

METHODSExpression level of PSF1 protein in colon cancer specimens was detected by Western blot in 40 patients with colon cancer from May 2004 to December 2006. The short hairpin RNA (shRNA) plasmid targeting PSF1 was transfected into LOVO, HT-29 and HCT116 cells with liposome, then the expression level of PSF1 protein was measured by Western blot, the effect of PSF1 shRNA plasmid transfection on cell proliferation by MTT assay, anchorage-independent growth by soft agar colomy-formation assay, and PSF2, PSF3 and SLD5 mRNA expression by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTSThe relative expression level of PSF1 protein in colon cancer tissues was 0.485±0.113, which was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal mucosa tissues (0.056±0.014, P<0.01). Western blot showed that the expression level of PSF1 protein was significantly decreased in colon cancer cells transfected with PSF1 shRNA plasmid. After PSF1 shRNA plasmid transfection, cell proliferation was significantly suppressed, the soft agar colony-forming rates of LOVO, HT-29 and HCT116 cells were significantly lower than those in control groups (P<0.05), meanwhile the expression levels of PSF2, PSF3 and SLD5 mRNA were significantly decreased (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPSF1 is significantly up-regulated in colon cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal mucosa tissues. ShRNA plasmid targeting PSF1 can inhibit the expression of PSF1 gene, suppress the proliferation of colon cancer cells, suggesting that it may be a new therapeutic target for colon cancer.

ATP-Binding Cassette Sub-Family B Member 2 ; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ; genetics ; metabolism ; Adult ; Aged ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Colonic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Transfection