There are some problems in the course of evaluating teaching quality in colleges and universities, such as theunclear aim of evaluation, few teachers taking part in evaluating, and problems existing in participants which affect thequality of evaluation. Some related measures are made here to solve the problems.[

Objective The purpose of this study was to analyze and evaluate the educational measurement indexes from the undergraduates clinical skills competition in a medical university.The rationality of the competition was discussed in the view of education survey.Methods 84 students' results which selected from the China Medical University 2nd Clinical Skills Competition were the research objects in this study.The indexes of the difficulty,discrimination,reliability and criterion-reated validity of the competition were evaluated based on the Education surveying principle.The difficulty was calculated by subjective topic difficulty computing formula,and other indexes were carried out with SPSS 18.0 except the difficulty index.Results The average difficulty of the questions of this university was 0.61,the average discrimination was 0.77 and the overall reliability was 0.926.The OSCE scores of the participating students were taken as the criterion in this study.The calculated criterion-related validity was 0.416.Conclusion The college students' clinical skills competition has good reliability,discrimination and effective criterion-related validity.For the selective competition,the difficulty can be further improved while considering the scope of the topic.

Adult ; Breast Neoplasms ; secondary ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Melanoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; Melanoma-Specific Antigens ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Sarcoma, Clear Cell ; pathology ; Skin Neoplasms ; pathology

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Infection ; Infection Control ; instrumentation ; methods ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; instrumentation ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Suction ; Tracheostomy ; adverse effects ; Young Adult

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of sevoflurane on inhibition of invasive activity and migration of human adenocarcinoma cell line A549 by cisplatin.MethodsThe.human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 was obtained from Shanghai Cell Biology Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences and cultured in RPMI 1640 culture medium containing 10％ fetal calf serum.The cells were inoculated in culture plate and cultured for 24 h and randomly divided into 4 groups:control group; 2.5 ％ sevoflurane group ; cisplatin group and cisplatin + 2.5 ％sevoflurane group.In groups sevoflurane,cisplatin and cisplatin + sevoflurane the cells were exposed to 2.5％sevoflurane or/and cisplatin 10μmol/L for 4 h respectively.The invasive activity of the cells was evaluated by Transwell chamber assay.The migration of the cells was determined by wound healing assay.The expression of MMP-2,MMP-9,Ezrin,and Fascin in the cells was detected by Western blot.ResultsBoth 2.5％ sevoflurane and cisplatin depressed invasive activity and migration of the A549 cells and down-regulated MMP-2,MMP-9,Ezrin and Fascin expression in A549 cells.The inhibitory effects of cisplatin on the A549 cells were potentiated by 2.5 ％ sevoflurane.ConclusionSevoflurane can enhance the inhibition of invasive activity and migration of human adenocarcinoma cell line A549 by cisplatin.

Biomarkers ; blood ; Brain ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Brain Edema ; etiology ; pathology ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Electroencephalography ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Radiography

AIM: To study the protection of extract of Radix Atragali composite against acute hepatic injury. METHODS: Fed with the extract of Radix Atragali composite, m ice were injected with D-galactosamine intraperitoneally (800 mg/kg) and rats were i njected with carbon tetrachloride hypodermically (5 mL/kg) to induce acute hepat ic injury on the 8th day. ALT, AST and bilirubin in serum were examined. Patholo gical changes of liver tissue were observed. RESULTS: Compared with model group, activities of ALT and AST, c oncentrations of bilirubin were markedly decreased and pathological scores also showed that degeneration and necrosis of hepatic cell were lighter in the the ex tract of Radix Atragali composite treatment group. CONCLUSION: The extract of Radix Atragali composite attenuat es hepatic injury induced by D-galactosamine or carbon tetrachloride.

Characteristics and measurement principles of reference methods in clinical biochemistry were described.Implementation of reference systems is one of the most effective approaches to improve the accuracy and comparability of clinical laboratory test results.Reference methods are the key components of reference systems.Reference methods should have measurement uncertainties that meet the requirements of the intended use,and thus should be based on reliable measurement principles.For the well-defined biochemistry analytes,reference methods have been almost all based on instrumental analysis.Isotope dilution mass spectrometry (ID/MS) is considered most reliable and has been the major analytical principle of the reference methods.ID/MS analysis is accurate but expensive.Use of other validated instrumental analyses as reference measurement principles would be justified.

Objective To investigate the effects of isoflurane and sevonumne on apoptosis and expression of CD44 and CD54 in human lung cancer cell line A549.Methods Human lung cancer A549 cells were obtained from Shanghai Cell Biology Medical Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and inoculated in 24 well culture plate.After being cultured for 24 h the cells were randomly divided into 3 groups:group Ⅰ control(group C);group Ⅱ isoflurane (group Iso) and group Ⅲ sevoflurane (group Sev).A 549 cells were exposed to 1.7% isoflurane and 2.5%sevoflurane for 4 h respectively in group Iso and Sev respectively,and were then cultured for another 24 h.Apoptosis and expression of CD44 and CD54 in A549 cells were detected with flow cytometer at 0 (T0),2 h(T1) and 4 h(T2) of and 24 h after(T3) exposure to isoflurane and sevoflurane.Results The percentage of apoptotic cells wag significantly higher at T2 and T3 in group Iso than in group C.The percentage of apoptotic cells was significantly higher at T1,T2 and T3 in group Sev than in group Iso and C.The expression of CD44 and CD54 at T1,T2 and T3 was significantly decreased as compared with the baseline at T0 in group Iso and Sev and was significantly lower in group Iso and Sev than in group C.Conclusion Isoflurane and sevoflurane can induce apoptesis of human lung cancer cell line A549, and sevoflurane is more effective. Isoflurane and sevoflurane can inhibit the expression of CD44 and CD54 of human lung cancer cell line A549.

Objective To investigate the value of low-dose volumetric high-resolution CT (vHRCT)in children with bronchiectasis.Methods Forty-nine children with bronchiectasis were diagnosed by vHRCT.The CT manifestations and follow-up changes were observed. Results Among the 49 cases,there were 43 cases(85.7%)with cylindrical bronchiectasis,2 cases with cystic bronchiectasis(5.7%) and 4 cases with varicose bronchiectasis(8.6%).Forty-four cases with bronchiectasis were complicated with pneumonic illness,among which 9 cases with atelectasis,5 cases with pulmonary fibrotic changes and 3 cases with airway foreign body.And 5 cases were complicated with endobronchial inflammation only.The CT signs of cylindrical bronchiectasis were as follows:bronchial wall thickening in 38(88.4%), double-track sign in 29(67.4%),signet ring sign in 35(81.4%),mucus plugging in 6(14.0%),air bronchogram in 9(20.9%),and bronchi appeared within 1 cm distance from the pleura in 18 cases(41.9%).Following-up 10 cases,bronchial dilatation improved significantly in 4 cases,progressed in 2 cases,and there were 4 cases with no significant change.Conclusion vHRCT is an effective method for early diagnosis of bronchiectasis in children,which is valuable for improvement of bronchiectasis by prompt and effective treatment.