AIM To study the effects of matrine (Ma) on the action potential and contractile force in guinea pig papillary muscles. METHODS Conventional microelectrode technique was used to record the fast action potentials (FAP) and slow action potentials (SAP) induced by histamine and BaCl_2 of guinea pig papillary muscles. RESULTS Ma 10,25,50 ?mol?L -1 dose-dependently prolonged the action potential duration at 50%, 90% repolarization (APD_ 50 , APD_ 90 ) and effective refractory period (ERP) of FAP, and lengthened the APD_ 50 , APD_ 90 of SAP induced by histamine and BaCl_2 when perfused with KCl 25 mmol?L -1 Tyrode's solution. The maximal upstroke velocity (V_ max ) of FAP, SAP and contractile force (Fc) were not affected by matrine 10,25,50 ?mol?L -1 . CONCLUSION It was suggested that Matrine could block K + channels in the myocardium.-

Objective:To explore the pharmaceutical care model for the patients with acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome ( ALI/ARDS) caused by inhalation of chemical agents to ensure the safety, rationality and effectiveness of drugs. Methods:According to the characteristics of drug therapy for the patients with ALI/ARDS caused by inhalation of chemical agents, the pharma-ceutical care was carried out and the suggestions on the medication were given. Results:Through the pharmaceutical care, the safety, reasonability and effectiveness were improved. And the incidence of adverse drug reactions was decreased. Conclusion: Cooperating with clinical physician, clinical pharmacists can perform active pharmaceutical service and optimize dosage regimen, which is beneficial to the safety, reasonability and effectiveness of drug therapy for the patients.

Objective To analyze the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens from patients with hospital infection in intensive care unit(ICU),and to discuss the corresponding strategy of prevention and treatment. Methods Clinical data of 891 patients hospitalized in the ICU of our hospital between Jan 2002 and Dec 2005 were collected.All the specimens were analyzed for pathogen distribution and resistance to antibiotics. Results Of all the isolated 1 155 strains,Gram-negative(G-)bacteria were the most popular pathogen(57.84%),whereas Gram-positive(G+) bacteria and fungi accounted for 21.39% and 20.78%,respectively.Most G-bacteria were less sensitive to imipenem(0-10.16%),and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was least sesitive to amikacin(6.89%) and cefoperazone-sulbactam(33.97%).G+ bacteria were most sensitive to vancomycin.Most fungus were Candida albicans(42.92%) and yeast species(22.90%). Conclusion Epidemiological investigation of pathogens in ICU is of great importance to the rational use of anti-biotics and may help to reduce the emergence of resistant strains.

Adult ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Fractures, Ununited ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Transplantation, Autologous

Salvianolic acid A (Sal A) is one of the most effective compounds isolated from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Up to now, several studies regarding the pharmacokinetic profiles of Sal A have been reported, however there is no such study reported in monkeys, the species which is more similar to human. The aim of this study is to develop a LC-MS method for the determination of Sal A in monkey plasma and apply it to the pharmacokinetic studies of monkeys. After single intravenous administration of Sal A, the plasma concentration-time curves were observed and the main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. The plasma concentration at 2 min (C2 (min)) values were (28.343 ± 6.426), (45.679 ± 12.301) and (113.293 ± 24.360) mg x L(-1) for Rhesus monkeys treated with Sal A at 2.5, 5 and 10 mg x kg(-1). The area under the concentration-time curve (AUC(0-∞)) values were (3.316 ± 0.871), (5.754 ± 2.150) and (13.761 ± 2.825) μg x L(-1) x h, respectively. Furthermore, this method was improved and applied to the simultaneous determination of Sal A, Sal B and Sal C, which provided useful information for preclinical studies and clinical trials of Sal A, Sal B and Sal C.
Administration, Intravenous ; Animals ; Caffeic Acids ; pharmacokinetics ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacokinetics ; Lactates ; pharmacokinetics ; Macaca mulatta ; Mass Spectrometry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry

This study adopted a large sample, multicenter, registered hospital centralized monitoring nested prospective case-control study design. From the real world clinical application of Shenqi Fuzheng injection, monitored 30 026 cases of patients with the use of Shenqi Fuzheng injection. A total of 51 adverse drug reaction (ADR) cases was monitored, including 1 case of severe adverse reactions. ADR incidence rate was 1.7 per 1,000. Blood samples were collected from patients with allergic reactions and their matched controls. Related biological indicators of allergic reactions were unified detected and analysed in order to explore the mechanism of allergic reaction and promote the clinical safety.
Case-Control Studies ; Drug Hypersensitivity ; etiology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Injections ; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing ; Prospective Studies

Objective To explore the effects of probiotics on feeding intolerance and early growth and development of premature infants.Methods Eighty premature infants were randomly assigned into 2 groups,the other 40 infants as therapy group,another 40 infants as control group.All infants in 2 groups were given general care and treatment.At the same time,probiotics was administered orally or via a orogastric tube to infants in therapy group within 24 hours after birth.The parameters of head circumference,length and body weight on day 28 of life and the time to achieve full enteral feeding and to regain birth weight were all recorded.The incidence of feeding intolerance of both groups were analyzed.Potential adverse effects associated with probiotics were also monitored.Results The incidence of feeding intolerance was significantly lower in probiotics-treated infants(27.5%) compared with that of control group(52.5%)(?2=5.208 3 P

Objective The comparison of the clinical role of stress-redistribution/reinjection with dual isotopes of 99Tcm-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) and 201TI in the detection of myocardial viability.Methods One hundred and sixty patients with clinically suspicious coronary artery disease (CAD) were included.All had intravenous injection with 740 MBq of 99Tcm-MIBI.Pharmacological challenge with dobu-macological challenge with dobutamin,111 MBq of 201Tl Was injected to all.Myocardial SPECT images were performed in all at 10-min (stress) and 3-h (redistribution/rest) after injection.The 201Tl(37 MBq)would be given to those patients with myocardial perfusion defect at stress images by 201Tl and were demon-strated by both 201Tl(redistribution) and 99Tcm-MIBI (rest).Coronary angiography (CAG) Was performed within two weeks.X2-test was used with SAS 6.12.Results Coronary artery abnormalities were found in all with 76 patients had one vessel disease,51 had two and 33 had three.Of the 152 patients who had myo- cardial perfusion defect during stress images,63 had redistribution by both 201TI and 99Tcm-MIBI.5 had re-distribution by 201Tl only.9 had redistribution by 99Tcm-MIBI only,and 75 had no redistribution in 201Tl or 99Tcm-MIBI images.The sensitivity of detection myocardial viability with myocardial SPECT images between 201Tl at redistribution (66.0%,68/103) and 99Tcm-MIBI at rest (69.9%,72/103) were insignificant (x2=O.36.P>0.05).Of the 75 patients who did not have redistribution in 201Tl or 99Tcm-MIBI images.34.7% (26/75)had myocardial perfusion when reinjection of 201Tl.In all,there were eight false negative myocardial perfusion SEPCT images.Three were triple vessel disease,one Was two, three were one, and the other was patent collateral circulation.Conclusions Stress.redistributed/reinjection 201TI myocardial perfusion SPECT imaging is superior to stress 201Tl/rest 99Tcm-MIBI simultaneous dual-isotopic myocardial imaging in the detec-tion of myocanrdial viability.

Nine compounds were isolated from the n-butanol fraction of 95% ethanol extract of the fruit of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. with a combination of various chromatographic approaches, including MDS resin, silica gel, reverse phase C18 and preparative HPLC. On the basis of spectroscopic data analysis, they were elucidated as (1R, 4R, 10R)-1β, 4α-dihydroxy-11, 12, 13-trinor-5, 6-eudesmen-7-one (1), 1β, 4β-dihydroxy-11, 12, 13-trinor-8, 9-eudesmen-7-one (2), oxyphyllenone A (3), oxyphyllenone B (4), rhamnocitrin (5), staphylionoside D (6), benzyl-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1S)-phenylethylene glycol (8), and (S)-1-phenylethyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (9). Among them, compound 1 is a new sesquiterpene, named as oxyphyllenone C; compounds 8 and 9 are new natural products; compounds 2 and 6 were isolated from the genus Alpinia for the first time, and compound 7 was isolated from A. oxyphylla for the first time.
1-Butanol ; Alpinia ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Phytochemicals ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Sesquiterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; genetics ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide ; pharmacology ; Electroporation ; methods ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Stromal Interaction Molecule 1 ; Transfection