Objective To investigate the CT features of pulmonary sarcoidosis.Methods Ninety patients with histologically proved pulmonary sarcoidosis were retrospectively studied by using CT scans and clinical recording.Results The main CT findings of pulmonary sarcoidosis were nodules which were seen in 69 cases(76.7%),and the nodules mostly distributed around the bronchovascular bundle(n=37, 41.1%).Other abnormalities included consolidation(n=31,34.4%),ground-grass(n=39,43.3 %), thickening of bronchovascular bundle(n=30,33.3%),interlobular septal lines(n=58,64.4%), fibrosis(n=17,18.9%)including bronchial distortion(n=8,8.9%),linear shadow(n=5,5.6%), and honeycombing shadow(n=4,4.4%),air-trapping(n=3,5.3%),bronchial straitness(n=8, 8.9%),pleural thickening(n=42,46.7%),and hilar and mediastinal adenopathy(n=76,84.4%). Two or more abnormal findings co-existed in 83 cases.The pulmonary lesions co-existed with hilar and mediastinal adenopathy in 76 cases.The nodules(n=25),consolidation(n=9),ground-grass(n=11), thickening of bronehovascular bundle(n=10)were improved after therapy.Ten cases of the interlobular septal(10/22),0 of bronchial distortion(0/4),1 case of diffuse linear(1/3),and 0 case of honeycombing(0/2)were improved.Conclusion CT manifestations of pulmonary sarcoidosis are varied, but has some specific radiographic features.A correct diagnosis can be made.combined with hilar and mediastinal adenopathy.

Aged ; Cavernous Sinus ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; drug therapy ; Male ; Syndrome

To investigate monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes of the stems and leaves of Clausena excavata, an AcOEt fraction of the methanol extract was subjected on column chromatographies including silica gel and RP-18, as well as preparative HPLC. The structures of compounds isolated were identified on the basis of spectroscopic data as excamonoterpene (1), (6R, 9S)-9, 10-dihydroxy-4-megastigmen-3-one (2), (3R, 6R, 7E) -3-hydroxy-4, 7-megastigmadien-9-one (3), (3S) -3-hydroxy-7, 8-dihydro-beta-ionone (4), (3S, 5R, 6S) -3-hydroxy-5,6-epoxy-beta-ionone (5), (6R, 9R) -9-hydroxy-4-megastigmen-3-one (6), (3S, SR) -dihydroxy-6, 7-megstigmadien-9-one(7), (-)-loliolide(8), caryolane-1, 9alpha-diol(9) and 2, 6-dihydroxyhumula-3 (12), 7 (13), 9(E)-triene (10), were isolated from the stems and leaves of C. excavata. Compound 1 is a new monoterpene, named as excamonoterpene. Compounds 2-10 were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Clausena ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Methanol ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Monoterpenes ; analysis ; chemistry ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Sesquiterpenes ; analysis ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

A new phenethanol, (2'R)-4-(2', 3'-dihydroxy-3'-methyl-butanoxy)-phenethanol (1), along with other eleven known benzene derivatives (2-12) were isolated from the roots, stems and leaves of Clausena excavata (Rutaceae). Compounds 3 and 4 are new natural products, and compounds 5-8, 10-12 were isolated from C. excavata for the first time. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses including HSQC, COSY and HMBC experiments. 1 was tested for its cytotoxicities against A549, HeLa and BGC-823 cancer cell lines, and antimicrobial activities against Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that 1 did not exhibit cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities.
Benzene Derivatives ; chemistry ; Candida albicans ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Clausena ; chemistry ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects

Objective To investigate the clinical and neuroimage characteristics of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) in Chinese elderly patients. Methods The characteristic clinical presentation and neuroimaging of 5 elderly patients with RPLS were retrospectively analyzed. Results There were one male and four females in this study, with the average age of (63.0±2.4) years, all combined with hypertension. The most common clinical presentations were abnormality of visual perception (5 cases), headache (4 cases), epileptic seizure (4 cases), disturbance of consciousness (3 cases), pathological reflex (2 cases) and hemiplegia (2 cases). CT scan showed 4 cases with low density lesions. MR1 scan showed 5 cases with occipital lobe lesions, 2 with parietal lobe lesions and 1 with temporal lobe lesions. Re-examination of CT scans showed that 4 survived patients became normal at mean (48.8±29.2) days after discharging from hospital. Conclusions The etiologies of RPLS are diverse. The vasogenic theory is supported by neuroimage of RPLS. Neuroimage may be very important for the diagnosis of RPLS. Diffusion-weighted imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient map may be helpful for differential diagnosis between RPLS and cerebral infarct.

Objective To study the protective effect of GYY4137 on rat myocardial cells infected by Coxsackie virus B3 (CVB3) and its signal transduction mechanism.Methods Cardiomyocytes were treated with different concentrations of GYY4137(10,50,100 μmol/L) for 24 hours before addition of 100 TCID50 CVB3 for 2 hours before serum-free conditions.After treatment,the cell viability was ascertained with Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay.At the same time,the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interleukin-1β (IL-1β),interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the supernatants were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Western blot was used to study the expression of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) protein and the inhibitory subunit of (IκBα) in myocardial cells.Results After exposure of cardiomyocytes to GYY4137 with different concentration (10,50,100 μmol/L)for 24 hours cell viability had no change.The NF-κB expression and the levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 [(175.80 ± 5.05) ng/L,(25.80 ± 1.97) ng/L,(65.33 ± 3.51) ng/L] in the GYY4137-treated CVB3 infection group were significantly reduced when compared with untreated CVB3 infection group (P ＜ 0.01),respectively.Compared with the normal group,the GYY4137 concentration-dependently restrained the CVB3-mediated IκBα degradation(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions GYY4137 exerts anti-inflammatory effects in CVB3-infected cardiomyocytes.This anti-inflammatory mechanism may be associated with suppression of the activation of the NF-κB.

Cancer stem cells play a crucial role in tumors'invasion, metastasis, recurrence and drug resistance.Investigation on the chemicals with tumor stem cell growth inhibitory activity has been greatly highlighted in the field of anti-tumor drug discovery.This paper briefly reviews the recent progress of chemical investigations on substances with tumor stem cell growth inhibitory activity , aiming to give readers a reference on anti-tumor drug discovery.

0.05).However,phosphor-ERK and phosphor-STAT3,NF-?B were higher in CVB_3 group than those in control groups(P

Animals ; Biological Warfare ; Burns ; pathology ; Burns, Chemical ; pathology ; Chemical Warfare ; China ; Humans ; Military Medicine ; Radiation Injuries ; pathology ; Wounds, Gunshot ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo verify the pharmacological hypothesis of prescriptions by studying the targeted distribution of major components in stewed rhubarb in the rat model with acute pancreatitis (AP).

METHODNormal SD rats (control group, n = 5) and the AP model induced with intraperitoneal cerulein (model group, n = 5) were taken as the experimental objects. Rats of the two groups were orally administered with stewed rhubarb granules (20 g x kg(-1)). Their heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and pancreas were collected two hours after the administration. Such constituents as emodin, chrysophanol, physcion, rhein and aloe-emodin and their concentrations in each tissue homogenate were detected by high performance liquid chromatography-mass-mass.

RESULTAloe-emodin and physcion in stewed rhubarb whose concentrations in liver and kidney of normal rats were higher than that in pancreatic tissues, while the distribution spectrums and concentrations of the remaining components in pancreatic tissues had no significant difference with that of other organs. The concentrations of emodin, aloe-emodin, rhein and chrysophanol in stewed rhubarb in pancreatic tissues of the AP model group were higher than that in other tissues and organs, while their concentrations in pancreatic, renal and splenic tissues were notably higher than that in the normal group.

CONCLUSIONIn the conditions of AP, effective components in stewed rhubarb show a targeted distribution feature in pancreas, which provides experimental basis for the pharmacological hypothesis of prescriptions.

Acute Disease ; Animals ; Anthraquinones ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Organ Specificity ; Pancreatitis ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rheum ; chemistry