OBJECTIVE: To select appropriate liquid chromatography conditions to determine the correction factors for the related compounds A, B, C, D + F and E of pantoprazole thus to establish the determination method of the related substances. METHODS: The separation was achieved on a C18 column(4. 6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) utilizing a mobile phase of acetonitrile and 0.01 mol · mL-1 dipo-tassium hydrogen phosphate(0 min, 80:20; 40 min, 40:60; 45 min, 20:80)at a flow rate of 1.0 mL · min-1. The column temperature was set at 35°C. The compounds were monitored at 288 nm. RESULTS: Pantoprazole sodium and its impurities were well separated by the method. The correction factors of pantoprazole related compounds A, B, C, D + F and E were 0.94, 0.93, 0.67, 0.96 and 0.99. CONCLUSION: The method can be used for the quality control of pantoprazole sodium and its related substances in the preparations.

Objective To discuss the pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment of delayed traumatic intracerebral hematoma.Methods The clinic data of traumatic delayed intracranial hematoma patients in this hospital were retro- spectively analyzed.According to clinic observation and CT re-examination,47 cases were diagnosed as delayed trau- matic intracranial hematoma(45 cases by operative treatment,and the other 2 by conservative treatment).Results There were 21 cases of recovery,10 cases of slight disability,8 cases of severe disability,8 cases of death.The total mortality rate was 17 %.Conclusion Brain contusion,subarachnoid hemorrhage and skull base fracture were impor- tant factors of DTICH.Fine-observation and prompt CT re-examination offered excellent results for DTICH.

OBJECTIVETo summarize our experiences in the treatment of type C3 (AO/OTA) distal radius fractures fixed with AO 2.4 mm locking plates combined with percutaneous pinning after manipulative reduction.

METHODSFrom May 2009 to March 2012, 19 patients (2 cases of both sides) with type C3 (AO/OTA) distal radius fractures were treated with volar locking plates combined with percutaneous pinning for distal radius after manipulative reduction. Among the patients, the average age was (45.3 ± 17.4) years old (ranged, 31 to 66 years old). The fracture were complicated with ulnar styloid fracture in 14 wrists and 6 wrists had distal radioulnar joint instability. All the patients had closed fracture and the mean duration was (6.7 ± 3.5) days (4.5 to 9 days). The Henry approach was applied to expose the fracture site. Joint capsule and ligaments were retained for indirect reduction. After indirect reduction, the poking reduction technique was used to correct the residual compression, and congruence of distal ulnar radial joint was verified under fluorscopic guidance. Styloid process was first pinned percutaneously and then AO 2.4 mm volar locking plate was used to support rigid fixation. The fractures complicated with distal radioulnar joint instability and ulnar styloid fracture were treated with forearm plaster support in supination for 6 weeks.

RESULTSNineteen patients (21 wrists) were followed up for an average duration of 10.5 months (ranged, 7 to 17 months). Radiographic bone union of distal radius was achieved in all cases, nonunion of the ulnar styloid occurred in 3 cases, and no distal radioulnar joint instability occurred. Tendon irritation was found in 2 cases and disappeared after the internal fixation was removed. The volar tilt, radial angle, radial length, incongruence of articular surface and distal radioulnar joint were observed at the follow-up. According to Batra and Gupta scoring system, 13 wrists were assessed to have a score of more than 80, 5 wrists 70 to 90, 3 wrists less than 70. Meanwhile, the subjective and objective evaluation was executed,range of motion of wrist, residual deformity and complications were observed. According to Sarmiento's modification of the system of Gartland and Werley, 17 wrists got an excellent result, 3 good and 1 fair.

CONCLUSIONType C3 (AO/OTA) distal radius fractures could be managed with manipulative reduction. Locking plate internal fixation combined with percutaneous pinning can offer enough support for early mobilization and rehabilitation, resulting in a better clinical outcome and satisfactory prognosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Plates ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Manipulation, Orthopedic ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Radius Fractures ; complications ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo study the efficacy of esomeprazole-based 1 week or 2 weeks triple therapy for Helicobactor pylori (H. pylori) infection in children.

METHODSOne hundred and five children with H. pylori infection identified by 13C-UBT were randomly assigned into Group A (n=60) and Group B (n=45). The patients of the two groups were administered with 1 week or 2 weeks triple therapy consisting of esomeprazole, clarithromycin and amoxillin, respectively. They were followed up four weeks after drug withdrawal.

RESULTSRecurrent abdominal pain was relieved in all of patients. Fifty-five patients (91.7%) showed 13C-UBT negative in Group A and 42 (93.3%) presented negative in Group B. There was no significant difference in the eradication rate of H. pylori.

CONCLUSIONSEsomeprazole-based triple therapy for H. pylori infection is effective in children. The efficacy of esomeprazole-based 1 week or 2 weeks triple therapy for this disorder does not appear to be different.

Adolescent ; Amoxicillin ; administration & dosage ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; adverse effects ; Anti-Ulcer Agents ; administration & dosage ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Clarithromycin ; administration & dosage ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Esomeprazole ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Helicobacter Infections ; drug therapy ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Male

Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) is an important member of the phosphodiesterase enzyme family that specifically catalyzes the hydrolysis of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), activates the downstream phosphorylation cascade pathway by altering cAMP concentration, and is strongly associated with multiple diseases. Inhibition of PDE4 is clinically investigated as a therapeutic strategy in a broad range of disease areas, including respiratory system diseases, autoimmune disorders, central nervous system diseases, and dermatological conditions. However, the incidence of adverse reactions such as nausea and vomiting is relatively high in the marketed PDE4 inhibitors, which has stalled their clinical development. In this review, we provide an overview of the clinical progression and safety issues of the marketed PDE4 inhibitors. We also review the main causes underlying PDE4-mediated adverse effects by combining the structural analysis of the PDE4 protein, the mechanism of action of PDE4 inhibitors, and the related side effect mechanism research, aiming to provide a reference for the development of safe and effective PDE4 inhibitors.

A novel technique was developed to deal with apoptosis in large-scale animal cell culture. By means of replacing part of Cytopore porous microcarriers at regular intervals, a rCHO cell line, which produces urokinase-type plasminogen activitor(u-PA), was cultivated continuously with serum-free medium in a 30L stirred tank for 91 days. The cell density was maintained at (1.3～2.6)×107/mL, and > 90 % of cells was viable. In order to reduce the effect of cell density on cell growth and expression,a cyclic pressure oscillation was exerted on a 7.5L reactor headspace to enhance cell expression at high cell density to a certain extent. During the 67 days of medium-replacement culture, the maximal cell density reached 2.64×107/mL, and cell viability was always kept above 95 % when combined with microcarrier-replacement. Compare to control culture, culture with cyclic pressure oscillation could enhance cell expression level and reduce the ratio of glucose metabolized anaerobically to produce lactate. With four-step purification process, about 80 g u-PA(～90 % scu-PA)was recovered from～2100 liters supernatant which contained～135 g u-PA.

BACKGROUND: Precartilaginous stem cells exist in articular cartilage, which may become potential seed cells for cartilage tissue engineering. Transforming growth factor-β3 (TGF-β3) has positive regulation effect on the proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of precartilagious stem cells. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of TGF-β3 on the chondrogenesis of osteochondroprogenitor cells. METHODS: CD146+chondrocytes were isolated from the patients with advanced osteoarthritis, and were then identified. CD146+chondrocytes were cultured in the normal medium (blank control group), chondrogenic induced medium (control group), chondrogenic induced medium containing 2.5 and 10 μg/L recombinant human TGF-β3, respectively. The immunohistochemistry of collagen Ⅱ and aggrecan was performed, and the related gene expression was tested by real-time quantitative PCR after 4 weeks of culture. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: When chondrogenic differentiation was performed, the number of cell pellets in the 10 μg/L TGF-β3 group was greater than that in the 2.5 μg/L TGF-β3 group, and the number of cell pellets in the 2.5 μg/L TGF-β3 group was greater than that in the control group. The expression levels of collagen Ⅱ and aggrecan in the 10 μg/L TGF-β3 group was significantly higher than that in the 2.5 μg/L TGF-β3 group (P＜ 0.05). The expression levels of collagen Ⅱ and aggrecan in the 2.5 μg/L TGF-β3 group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜ 0.05). Real-time quantitative PCR results showed that the expression levels of collagen Ⅱ and aggrecan mRNA in the 10 μg/L TGF-β3 group were significantly higher than those in the 2.5 μg/L TGF-β3 group (P＜ 0.05), but the expression level of SOX-9 showed insignificant difference between two groups (P ＞ 0.05), and the expression level of SOX-9 in the 10 and 2.5 μg/L TGF-β3 groups was significantly higher than that in the control group (P＜ 0.05); the expression levels of collagen Ⅱ and aggrecan mRNA in the 2.5 μg/L TGF-β3 group were higher than those in the control group (P＜ 0.05). Our findings suggest that osteochondroprogenitor cells with stem cell characteristics exist in the residual articular cartilage of the patients with advanced osteoarthritis. TGF-β3 has the ability of promoting chondrogenic differentiation of osteochondroprogenitor cells, which may be an ideal cytokine for cartilage tissue engineering.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of ultrasound and acoustic and laser cleaning of curved root canals. METHODS: A total of 92 molars with independent root canals with a curvature of 20°-40° were prepared and standardized at 04 25# and stained with gentian violet solution for 72 h. Among them, 52 were randomly divi-ded into four groups for final rinsing (n=13): NI group, PUI group, EDDY group, and PIPS group. Ten samples in each group were cut horizontally along the long axis perpendicular to the root and divided into curved upper, curved, and apical segments. Images were taken with a stereomicroscope and Image J measurements were taken to calculate the depth of rinse penetration. The remaining three samples from each group were split along the long axis of the dentin, photographed by scanning electron microscope to record the dentin tubule exposure and staining layer, and scored for staining layer by double-blind method. SPSS 26.0 software was used to perform statistical analysis and select the best flushing method. An extra 40 samples were randomly divided into four groups for detection of flushing fluid penetration depth (n=10): 10, 20, 30, and 40 s. RESULTS: In the upper part, the mean depth of infiltration was not significantly different between the experimental and control groups (P>0.05). The PIPS group had a significantly lower smear layer score than the control group and the EDDY group (P<0.01). In the curved segment, the mean depth of infiltration was significantly greater in the PUI group than in the control group (P<0.05); the tarnish layer score was lower in each experimental group than in the control group. At the top, the mean depth of infiltration was greater in the PUI and PIPS groups than in the control group (P<0.05), and the smear layer score was lower in the PIPS group than in the other groups (P<0.05). After the time was changed, the depth of infiltration of PUI increased only in the apical segment as the flushing time increased. CONCLUSIONS The PUI and PIPS methods facilitate the penetration of irrigation solution into the dentin canal in curved root canals, especially in the apical segment. The PIPS technique is effective in removing the smear layer in curved root canals.
Humans ; Dental Pulp Cavity ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Root Canal Irrigants ; Root Canal Preparation/methods* ; Smear Layer ; Sodium Hypochlorite ; Therapeutic Irrigation/methods* ; Double-Blind Method

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effectiveness of testicular sperm cryopreservation in male fertility preservation by evaluating the clinical outcome of ICSI cycles with frozen-thawed testicular sperm for azoospermia patients.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed 96 samples of cryopreserved testicular sperm obtained by testicular biopsy, vasovasostomy (V-V), vasoepididymostomy (V-E) , of which 55 were subjected to 60 ICSI cycles with frozen-thawed testicular sperm. We evaluated the rates of sperm recovery, fertilization, cleavage, transferable and good-quality embryos, clinical pregnancy, pregnancy outcome, and health of the newborns.

RESULTSAll the frozen testicular sperm samples were recovered successfully. The rates of fertilization, 2PN fertilization, cleavage, available embryos and good-quality embryos were 77.6, 69.4, 99.4, 84.5 and 40.8%, respectively. There were transferable embryos in all cycles. Fresh embryos were transferred in 52 of the 60 cycles, with the clinical pregnancy rate of 57.7% (30/52), including 19 singletons and 11 twins, and the rates of implantation and miscarriage were 38.7% (41/106) and 3.33% (1/30). Up to the present time, there have been 20 healthy newborns, including 12 boys and 8 girls, and another 13 ongoing pregnancies. No birth defects have been found so far.

CONCLUSIONDesirable clinical outcomes can be obtained from ICSI cycles with frozen-thawed testicular sperm, and testicular sperm cryopreservation is an effective method of fertility preservation for azoospermia males.

Adult ; Azoospermia ; therapy ; Cryopreservation ; Female ; Fertility Preservation ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Retrospective Studies ; Semen Preservation ; methods ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic ; methods

Objective To observe the value of CT radiomics for differentiating spinal bone islands(BI)and osteoblastic metastases(OBM).Methods Data of 109 BI lesions in 98 patients and 282 OBM lesions in 158 patients(including 103 OBM in 48 lung cancer cases,86 OBM in 52 breast cancer cases and 93 OBM in 58 prostate cancer cases)from 3 medical institutions were retrospectively analyzed.Data obtained from institution 1 were used as the internal dataset and divided into internal training set and internal validation set at a ratio of 7∶3,from institution 2 and 3 were used as external dataset.All datasets were divided into female data subset(including OBM of female lung cancer and breast cancer)and male data subset(including OBM of male lung cancer and prostate cancer).Radiomics features were extracted and screened to construct 3 different support vector machine(SVM)models,including model1 for distinguishing BI and OBM,model2 for differentiating OBM of female lung cancer and breast cancer,and model3 for differentiating OBM of male lung cancer and prostate cancer.Diagnostic efficacy of model1,CT value alone and 3 physicians(A,B,C)for distinguishing BI and OBM were assessed,as well as differentiating efficacy for different OBM of model2 and model3.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were drawn,and area under the curves(AUC)were calculated and compared.The differential diagnostic efficacy of model2 and model3 were also assessed with ROC analysis and AUC.Results AUC of model1 for distinguishing spinal OBM from BI in internal training set,internal validation set and external dataset was 0.99,0.98 and 0.86,respectively.In internal training set,model1 had higher AUC for distinguishing BI and OBM than that of physician A(AUC=0.78),B(AUC=0.87)and C(AUC=0.93)as well as that of mean CT value(AUC=0.78,all P＜0.05).AUC in internal training set,internal validation set and external dataset of model2 for identifying female lung cancer and breast cancer OBM was 0.79,0.75 and 0.73,respectively,of model3 for discriminating male lung cancer from prostate cancer OBM was 0.77,0.74 and 0.77,respectively.Conclusion CT radiomics SVM model might reliablely distinguish OBM and BI.