Humans ; Influenza A virus ; Influenza Vaccines ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; virology

Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; therapeutic use ; Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Treatment Outcome

Adrenalectomy ; Adult ; Angiomyolipoma ; pathology ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; Kidney Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Ureter ; surgery

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Coal Mining ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; complications ; microbiology ; Male ; Methicillin Resistance ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; microbiology ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) modified bovine serum albumin (AGE-BSA) on the expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in human renal mesangial cells (HRMCs).

METHODSHRMCs were cultured in vitro with medium containing different doses of AGE-BSA or BSA (50,100, 200, 400 mg/L) for 48 hours, or with AGE-BSA (200 mg/L) for different times (12, 24, 48, 72 h). Immunocytochemistry assay was used to estimate the protein level of RAGE. The ROS in cells were measured by flow cytometry and the mRNA expression of MCP-1 were analyzed by semi-quantiative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) after treatment with AGE-BSA or BSA.

RESULTSThe protein level of RAGE was upregulated in the HRMCs with AGE-BSA. The expression of ROS and MCP-1 significantly enhanced by incubation of AGE-BSA in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The effects of AGE-BSA-induced up-regulation of ROS and MCP-1 level was significantly blocked by neutralizing antibodies to RAGE, while the expression of ROS and MCP-1 stood nearly unchanged after cultured with huamn IgG.

CONCLUSIONThe expression of ROS and MCP-1 in HRMCs is induced by AGE-BSA through RAGE, which may have potential effects in the pathgenic mechanism of diabetic nephropathy.

Cells, Cultured ; Chemokine CCL2 ; metabolism ; Glycation End Products, Advanced ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Mesangial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products ; Receptors, Immunologic ; metabolism ; Serum Albumin, Bovine ; pharmacology

As the increasing population aging,the incidence of age-related macular degeneration is increasing,blinding rate also increasing,so it is very important for the early diagnosis and treatment of age-related macular degeneration.There are many methods to check the aging macular degeneration,such as fundus angiography,optical coherence tomography (OCT),visual field and multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG).In recent years,many emerging ophthalmic methods have emerged and are gradually applied to clinical diagnosis,including optic coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).The function of these methods has its unique advantages,but there are also limitations.This paper will review these existing methods.

Background Scarring of the filtering bleb is a main cause of filtering surgical failure in glaucoma.It has been reposed that tetrandrine could suppress the proliferation of cultured human fibroblast of Tenons capsule in vitro and thus has the potential effect to prevent scarring after the filtering surgery. Objective Present study was to investigate the anti-cicatricial effect of tetrandrine drug delivery system(Tet DDS)during filtration surgery. Methods Filtration surgery was performed in bilateral eyes of 18 New Zealand white rabbits.The Tet DDS with 0.3 mg Tet,0.2 mg Tet or free-Tet were implanted subcunjunctially during the surgery.The filtering blebs were scored in 1 day,4,7,10,14 days after referring to the corneal thickness and bleb range under the slit-lamp biomicroscopy.The morphology of filtering bleb was assessed by in vivo confocal microscopy in 7 and 14 days after operation.The filtering bleb specimen was prepared in 7 and 14 days for the histopathological examination. Results The filtering bleb scores in Tet DDS implantation groups were significantly higher than those in free-Tet DDS group from 4 days through 14 days after trabeculectomy(P＜0.01),and the scores showed a considerably increase in 0.3 mg Tet DDS group compared with 0.2 mg Tet DDS group from 7 days through 14 days after trabeculectomy(P＜0.05).The filtering blebs of Tet DDS implantation groups were found with distinct subepithelial cystic spaces under the light microscopy and in vivo confocal microscopy on the 7th day and 14th day after surgery.Compared with free-Tet DDS group,the numbers of subepithelial mierocysts were much more(P＜0.01)and the area of microcysts was larger(P＜0.01)in Tet DDS group.The filtering tissue presented with more subepithelial microcysts and larger microcysts range in 0.3 mg Tet DDS group than 0.2 mg Tet DDS group in 7 and 14 days after operation(P＜0.05).The inflammatory cell infiltration wag milder in 0.3 mg Tet DDS group in comparison with 0.2 mg Tet DDS group and free-Ted DDS group.Conclusion Tet DDS has strong inhibitory effects on inflammatory cells activity and fibroblagt activity the early stage after filtering surgery and therefore improve the surgery success rate.

Objective To study the effects of fetal lamb cardiac bypass on the fetal cardiac function.Methods Eight ewes at gestation of 120 to 140 days have nine fetus which were randomly divided into control group (n = 4) and fetal bypass group (n = 5). Control group underwent sham procedure that fetal stemotomy was performed.Bypass group underwent fetal cardiac bypass with cen- trifugal pump and placenta for 30 minutes.Fetal mean blood pressure,heart rate and bleed gas data were recorded before bypass,30 minutes during bypass,1 hour after cessation of bypass,2 hour after cessation of bypass.Tei index of two ventricles and pulse index of umbilical arteries were recorded with ultrasonography.Plasma troponin I was assayed.Ultrastructure of fetal myocardium was recorded,Results Fetal mean blood pressure and heart rate of two groups have no changes during the experiment time.The umbilical pulse index of bypass group elevated significantly compared with control group (P

Objective To study the safety and efficacy of therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in elderly patients with biliary and pancreatic diseases under the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). Methods 320 patients were enrolled in ERCP operation. Both ERAS elderly group (experimental group A, n = 58, above 75 years) and young and middle-aged group (control group B, n=202,below 60 years)underwent enhanced recovery after surgery,meanwhile traditional elderly group(control group C, n = 60, above 75 years) received traditional perioperative management. It had compared multiple clinical indexes between group A with B and group A with C during the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative period. Results The incidence rate of cholangiocarcinoma, multiple complications, nutrition screening ≥ 3 points, ASA scored III degree and Child-Pugh scored A-level in preoperative ERAS elderly patients were higher than that of the young and middle-aged group (P < 0.05); And its incidence rate of nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain,nutritional screening < 3 points and ASA scored I degree were lower than that of the middle-aged group (P < 0.05);the fasting and water- deprivation time of the ERAS elderly group was shorter than that of the traditional elderly group (P < 0.05). The intraoperative operation time of the elderly ERAS group was slightly longer than that of the traditional elderly group (P < 0.05). The duration of electrocardiographic monitoring and the first aerofluxus time of the elderly patients with ERAS were longer than that of the young and middle-aged group (P < 0.05). The success, failure rate, and complication rate of the elderly patients with ERAS were 91.38% (53/58) and 8.62% (5 /58), 3.45% (2/58), meanwhile the young and middle-aged group were 96.53% (195/202), 3.47% (7/202), and 4.95% (10/202), and with no statistical difference (P > 0.05). The mild pain in ERAS elderly group was more than that of in traditional elderly group, while the moderate, and severe pain was less than that of traditional elderly group (P < 0.05); The opioid use rate, endoscopic nasobiliary indwelling, first-time ambulation and aerofluxus, total hospitalization, and postoperative hospitalization time of ERAS elderly group was less than the traditional elderly group (P < 0.05). Conclusions With ERAS, the treatment effect of ERCP in elderly patients is similar to that in young and middle-aged people, and it has good safety and effectiveness.

AlM:To investigate the prevalence and related high risk factors of retinal vessels disease of native Tibetan among the aged 40 and above in Maqin county, Qinghai province, China.
METHODS:The cluster sampling method was used to investigate the visual acuity and retinal vessel diseases of the native Tibetan among the aged 40 and above in Maqin county.
RESULTS:Totally 2 511 individuals were underwent the survey, among them, 29 cases (37 eyes) were of retinal vessel diseases, the prevalence was 1. 15%, 21 cases (23 eyes) were retinal vein obstruction (0. 84%), 5 cases (10 eyes) were diabetic retinopathy ( 0. 20%), 3 cases ( 4 eyes) were retinal vasculitis (0. 12%). The blindness and low vision of retinal vessels disease were 23 eyes (0. 92%).
CONCLUSlON:All the hypertension, hyperglycemia, erythrocytosis, high altitude and weight are the high risk factors of retinal vessel diseases which are the main eyes fundus disease could grow blind.