Objective Establish an overall performance evaluation index system for innovative medical devices transforming project,a major science and technology project in Zhejiang province.Methods The weight of indexes was calculated using Delphi method,analytic hierarchy process and weight of percentile method.Results A three-level performance evaluation index system was established.First level included 3 indexes,as condition index,process index and result index,with weight of 0.3401、0.4042 and 0.2557 respectively.Meanwhile,second level and third level included 13 and 38 indexes.Conclusions The index system provide a performance evaluation tool for the innovative medical devices transforming project.

Objective To detect the neuronal network activity of specific brain areas in heroin addicts under craving state induced by heroin related cues with independent component analysis (ICA) of functional MRI (fMRI) data. Methods Fifteen heroin addicts,admitted to our hospital from February 2010 to December 2010, and 15 healthy controls were recruited in the case-control study; they were performed whole brain scan with 3.0Tesla MR scanner when being presented with heroin related cues.ICA was performed on these data and their neuronal network activities were compared. Results As compared with those in the controls,the bilateral prefrontal cortex,the left anterior cingulated cortex,the bilateral posterior cingulated cortex, the left inferior temporal gyrus and the left parietal lobe enjoyed obviously decreased activity, while bilateral nucleus accumbens, the right hippocampus, part of the temporal lobe and the occipital lobe enjoyed significantly increased activity (P＜0.05). Conclusion ICA is an advanced approach to identify fMRI data induced by related cues; the specific neuroanatomy mediated to cue-elicited heroin craving mostly locates in the learn-memory system and reward system,which involves the frontal cortex,the parietal lobe,the anterior eingulate,the posterior cingulate,the hippocampus and the nucleus accumbens.

OBJECTIVETo construct a small interfering RNA (siRNA) eukaryotic expression vector specific for methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene and to observe its silencing effect on MTHFR gene.

METHODSThe expression vectors of PsiRNA-MTHFR were constructed by gene recombination and then were nucleofected into the primary cultured MEPM cell. At 48 h and 5 d after nucleofection, the expression of MTHFR in the levels of mRNA and protein was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-Time PCR) and Western blot.

RESULTSThe eukaryotic expression vector of PsiRNA-MTHFR, which significantly down-regulated mRNA and protein of MTHFR at 48 h and 5 d after nucleofection, were successfully constructed.

CONCLUSIONEukaryotic expression vector of siRNA specific for MTHFR is successfully contructed, which lays the basis for its application in the mechanism research of MTHFR gene regulating embryo palate shelves fusion.

?AlM: To compare the clinical effect between small-incision cataract surgery and phacoemulsification.
?METHODS: Totally 93 patients ( 124 eyes ) with age-related cataract who received treatment in Mar 2010 and Feb 2013 were dicided into 2 groups randomly. Forty-two patients ( 59 eyes ) in group small - incision cataract surgery ( SlCS ) were treated by SlCS, while other 51 patients ( 65 eyes ) in group Phaco were treated by phacoemulsification. And then, postoperative visual acuity, corneal astigmatism, surgically induced astigmatism ( SlA ) and intraoperative and postoperative complications were contrasted between groups.
?RESULTS: After 1d and 1wk of postoperation, there were 38 eyes ( 64. 4%) and 41 eyes ( 69. 5%) having a better visual acuity of 0. 5 in the SlCS group, while there were 29 eyes (44. 6%) and 32 eyes (49. 2%) in the Phaco group. The vision of SlCS group was better than that of Phcao group (χ2 = 4. 877, 5. 242, P < 0. 05 ). On postoperative 1 and 3mo, with acuity of 0. 5 or better, eye numbers showed no statistically significant differences between two groups (χ2 = 0. 005, 0. 085, P>0. 05). The average corneal astigmatism used analysis of repeatedly measuring designing variance: Comparing the corneal astigmatism in intra - groups at different times, it was statistically significant (F=25. 624, P<0. 05), and had a tendency to decrease with time. However, there was no statistical significance for corneal astigmatism between groups (F=0. 986, P>0. 05). The coneal astigmatism of each group was higher at 1wk after the surgery than that of preoperation, and the contrast had statistical sigenficence (t=2. 906, 2. 427, P<0. 05). The Phaco group with SlA was lower than the SlCS group at 1wk and 1mo after the surgery (t=-4. 628, 2. 770, P<005). lt had no statistical significance in SlA by comparing with the two groups at 3mo after the surgery (t=0. 754, P>0. 05). There were statistical differences in SlA at different time both by intra-group comparison and group comparison ( F=26. 37, P<0. 05, F = 14. 29, P<0. 05). The comparison of posterior capsule rupture, the postoperative corneal edema and anterior chamber pigment membrane reaction in two groups showed no statistical significance.
?CONCLUSlON: Our research shows that small-incision cataract surgery and phacoemulsification had similar effect in the treatment of cataract. Phacoemulsification is not the only surgery option for the best treatment effect. Small- incision cataract surgery can be popularized in basic- level hospitals, achieving the effect similar to phacoemulsification.

OBJECTIVETo find an objective index to describe the severity of hypernasality in cleft palate patients through speech spectroanalysis.

METHODS60 audio records of cleft palate patients were analyzed by spectroanalysis, the relative energy in low frequency area (REL) was calculated in the LPC spectrogram. One experienced speech therapist and two nonprofessionals made perceptual judgments of the same records. Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to test if the 3 groups of data have significant correlations.

RESULTSREL had significant correlation with professional judgments (correlation coefficient was 0.272, P < 0.05) and nonprofessional judgments (correlation coefficient was 0.274, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONREL can be used as one objective reference in the judgment of the severity of hypernasality.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the psychological situations of cleft lip and/or palate children's parents, to discuss the relationship between psychological situations and cleft types, and to provide clinical treatment to improve the psychological situations of these parents.

METHODS100 parents whose children were proceeded the primary surgery treatment were selected as the study group, and other 34 parents whose children were normal as the control group. All parents were inquired and tested by the life event scale (LES) and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS).

RESULTSThe LES total scores of the cleft lip and/or palate patients' parents were significantly high compared with the normal (P < 0.05). The SAS total scores of the cleft lip and/or palate patients' parents had no significant difference with the control group (P > 0.05). The scores of cleft lip and/or palate patients' parents were the highest and the scores of cleft palate patients' parents were the lowest.

CONCLUSIONMost of the cleft lip and/or palate patients' parents were disturbed by a negative psychological situation. Some kind of negative psychological situation may manifest some body symptoms. Meanwhile,the three subgroups' data had the significant difference, which indicated that parents may much more care about the appearance abnormality.

Objective To evaluate the solute clearance characteristics of REXEEDTM series dialyzers during high-flux dialysis, and explore the care characteristics. Methods A randomized crossover study of 3×3 Latin square was designed based on different dialyzers. Eighteen patients with regular hemodialysis underwent dialysis with REXEEDTM-15AC dialyzer, REXEEDTM-15UC dialyzer and controlled APS-15U dialyzer, respectively. Blood samples were obtained from the blood flow entrance and exit of dialyzers, levels of urea nitrogen, creatinine, phosphate and β2-microglobulin were detected, and solute clearance rates were calculated. Before and after the third dialysis with each dialyzer, blood samples were obtained to measure the levels of urea nitrogen and creatinine, and the rates of decrease were calculated. The vital signs of each patient were intensively observed, and the venous pressure and transmembrane pressure were monitored from the dialyzers. Results The urea nitrogen clearance rates of REXEEDTM-15AC dialyzer and REXEEDTM-15UC dialyzer were significantly higher than that of APS-15U dialyzer (P<0.05). The creatinine clearance rate of REXEEDTM-15AC dialyzer was significantly higher than that of APS-15U dialyzer(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the rate of decrease in blood urea nitrogen among different dialyzers of the same patient(>65 % for all patients). The vital signs were stable with no adverse events during dialysis, and there was no abnormal findings in laboratory security parameters. Conclusion REXEEDTM series dialyzers are effective and safe for clinical application. Great importance should be attached to the complaints from patients during dialysis. For those with less ultrafiltration, fluid as well as uhrafiltration should be supplemented to increase the transmembrane pressure.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of herbal cake moxibustion plus acupuncture in treating post-stroke urinary incontinence.Methods Fifty patients with post-stroke urinary incontinence were randomized to a treatment group (26 cases) and a control groups (24 cases). The treatment group received herbal cake moxibustion plus acupuncture and the control group, acupuncture alone. Twenty-four-hour urine void number, incontinence severity and the clinical symptom score were recorded in the two groups before and after treatment.Results There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in twenty-four-hour urine void number and the clinical symptom score in the two groups (P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in pre-/post-treatment twenty-four- hour urine void number difference value and clinical symptom score difference value between the treatment and control groups (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant pre-/post-treatment difference in incontinence severity in the two groups (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant post-treatment difference in incontinence severity between the treatment and control groups (P<0.05).Conclusion Herbal cake moxibustion plus acupuncture is an effective way to treat post-stroke urinary incontinence.

AIM To investigate the effects of asiatic acid (AA) on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced Parkinson's disease (PD)-like motor symptoms in mice and its neuroprotective mechanism.METHODS Forty-five male C57BL/6 mice,except the nine mice in control group,were induced to be the PD models by peritoneal injection of 25 mg/kg MPTP for seven days and then were randomly assigned to model group,low-dose,high-dose AA groups and positive control group.Both the control group and the model group were administered with 0.5％ sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC-Na) solution,the AA groups were dosed with 12.5 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg AA,respectively,and the positive control group was given 75 mg/kg daily intragastric gavage of levodopa for eleven days.On the twelfth day,behavioral tests were performed.Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive cells in substantia nigra were detected by immunohistochemistry.The mRNA expressions of iNOS,COX-2,TNF-α,IL-1β,and malonaldehyde (MDA) content in midbrain were measured.The levels of IL-1 β and TNF-α in the serum were detected using ELISA kits.RESULTS The mice treated with asiatic acid performed better in behavior tests than those in the model group (P ＜0.05,P ＜0.01).In addition,asiatic acid effectively protected the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra due to upregulated TH expression and increased number of TH positive cells (P ＜ 0.05).The asiatic acid-treated mice had their mRNA expressions of IL-1β,TNF-α,iNOS and COX-2 in midbrain markedly suppressed (P ＜0.05,P ＜0.01),and a significant MDA level decrease in the midbrain tissue as well (P ＜ 0.01).Furthermore,reductions of IL-1 β and TNF-α contents in the serum were observed (P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION Asiatic acid attenuates motor dysfunction and dopaminergic neuronal deficits in PD mice,and the neuroprotective mechanisms may attribute to its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of acute ureteroscopy for the treatment of ureterie stones during middle and late pregnancy.Methods From June 1998 to March 2005,17 pregnant women(mean age,27 years;age range,21-35 years)with ureteric stones were treated by ureteroscopy when the fetus was at 20-36 weeks of gestation(mean,29 weeks).All the cases presented with urgent symptoms such as recurrent renal colic(11 cases),fever(4)or acute obstructive anuria(2).Among 17 cases,the stones(between 6 mm?7 mm and 13 mm?21 mm)were located in the upper(8 cases),middle(5)or lower ureter(4);and on the left side(5 eases),on the right(10)and on both(2)of the lower ureter. Mild hydronephrosis were observed in 6 cases and moderate hydronephrosis in 11,Of the 17 cases,14 under- went ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy;in 1 case the calculi were pushed to the renal pelvis;and 2 cases were treated by Double-J catheter drainage.Results All the urgent symptoms in 17 cases were relieved after treatment.The stone-free rate of initial treatment was 82.4%(14 of 17).Three cases with residual stones were treated by Douhle-J catheters,which were replaced every 3 months until the calculi were re- moved.No abortion,premature delivery or complications such as ureter perforation occurred.Mild renal colic occurred in 1 case after insertion of Douhle-J catheter,and it was relieved 3d later;gross hematuria occurred in l case and disappeared 6 d later without treatment.All 17 patients had normal delivery and gave birth to healthy children.Conclusions Ureteroscopy is a safe and reliable method for the treatment of ureteric calculi during middle and late pregnancy.