Objective To study the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in vivo of the total alkaloids in Stephania kwangsiensis (TARS).Methods Mice were respectively ig with high,middle,and low doses of TARS.The analgesic effects of TARS were evaluated by the formaldehyde induced pain method and tail-immersion response induced by hot water in mice,and anti-inflammatory effects were observed by cotton ball granuloma,egg white induced paw swelling method in mice.Results TARS could significantly inhibit formaldehyde induced pain in mice,reduce the hind licking times,extend tail withdrawal time induced by hot water,obviously reduced the formation of granulomatous in mice;Inhibited egg white induced paw swelling.Conclusion TARS has significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect.

The shape and structure of granules are controlled by the granulation process, which is one of the main factors to determine the nature of the solid dosage forms. In this article, three kinds of granules of a traditional Chinese medicine for improving appetite and promoting digestion, namely, Jianwei Granules, were prepared using granulation technologies as pendular granulation, high speed stirring granulation, and fluidized bed granulation and the powder properties of them were investigated. Meanwhile, synchrotron radiation X-ray computed micro tomography (SR-µCT) was applied to quantitatively determine the irregular internal structures of the granules. The three-dimensional (3D) structure models were obtained by 3D reconstruction, which were more accurately to characterize the three-dimensional structures of the particles through the quantitative data. The models were also used to quantitatively compare the structural differences of granules prepared by different granulation processes with the same formula, so as to characterize how the production process plays a role in the pharmaceutical behaviors of the granules. To focus on the irregularity of the particle structure, the box counting method was used to calculate the fractal dimensions of the granules. The results showed that the fractal dimension is more sensitive to reflect the minor differences in the structure features than the conventional parameters, and capable to specifically distinct granules in structure. It is proved that the fractal dimension could quantitatively characterize the structural information of irregular granules. It is the first time suggested by our research that the fractal dimension difference (Df,c) between two fractal dimension parameters, namely, the volume matrix fractal dimension and the surface matrix fractal dimension, is a new index to characterize granules with irregular structures and evaluate the effects of production processes on the structures of granules as a new indicator for the granulating process control and optimization.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Fractals ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Powders ; Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship ; Synchrotrons ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the early clinical effects of arthroscopic treatment for cruciate ligament cysts of the knee.

METHODSFrom September 2008 to January 2014, 23 patients with cruciate cysts were treated with arthroscopic surgery. There were 11 males and 17 females, with an average age of 28.3 years old (ranged, 16 to 56 years old). Twenty patients had injuries on the right knee and 8 patients had injuries on the left knee. Eight patients had a history of injury,5 patients had a history of chronic injury,and the other 15 patients had no obvious reasons for the symptom. Before the operation, 24 patients were clearly diagnosed as the cruciate ligament cysts of knee joint,and 4 patients were diagnosed as other problems of the knee, but the diagnosis were corrected after the operation. According to the MRI before the surgery,all the patients could be divided into 3 types: 14 were type I, 6 were type II, 8 were type III. After the operation, the patients were suggested to have a rest for 2 weeks, and take exercises everyday at the same time. The knee range of motion, Lysholm score, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) 2000 subjective score, GLASGOW criteria, and McMurray test, pivot shift test, and anterior drawer test were observed to evaluate clinical results.

RESULTSAll the incisions healed at the first stage without complications. Twenty-five patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 12 to 52 months, with a mean of 26.7 months. Three patients accepted the reconstruction of ACL or tightened elongated ACL using bipolar radio frequency. The Lysholm score increased from preoperative 59.80 +/- 6.58 to 75.32 +/- 6.49 at the latest follow-up; IKDC 2000 score increased from preoperative 65.36 +/- 6.26 to 81.00 +/- 5.76 at the latest follow-up. According to GLASGOW criteria,23 patients got an excellent result and 2 good.

CONCLUSIONIt has a satisfactory curative effect on ACL reconstruction using bipolar radio frequency. It has advantages of firm fixation, simple and secure operation as well as quick postoperative recovery. It's very important to check the MRI before operations, and carefully seek the cysts during the operations, avoiding the omission of any cysts,especially the cases of multiple cysts. Finally, patients should take exercises actively after operations.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction ; Arthroscopy ; Cysts ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Knee Injuries ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Knee Joint ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Young Adult

Objective Application of the second metatarpophalangeal joint by traction prolong trans- plant repair the defects in the metacarpophalangeal joint,reconstruct the function of it.Methods By means of the apparatus to prolong finger in advance,then transplant the second metatarpophalangeal joint to recon- struct metacarpophalangeal joint for seven cases of obsolete defects in the metacarpophalangeal joint.Results The average of finger prolong was 2.6 cm,consultation from 1 to 4 years.average 2.5 years,thai the trans- plant joints have all survived and osteal concrescence.Through the criterion Chinese Medical Association,good rate was 85.7%. Conclusion It' s a good method to repair obsolete defects in the metacarpophalangeal joint by transplant traction prolong of the second metatarpophalangeal joint.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of postburn dietary supplementation of arginine (Arg), omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (omega-3PUFA) and glutamine (Glu) on the metabolism, immunology and wound healing in scalded rats.

METHODSThirty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats inflicted with 30% total body surface area deep partial thickness scald on the back after the gastrostomy catheter was placed were employed as the model. The rats were randomly divided into A and B groups, and all of them received continuous isonitrogenous (25% protein, 12% fat, 63% carbohydrate), isocaloric (175 kcal/kg/day), and isovolemic intragastric tube feedings. The contents of Arg, omega-3PUFA, Glu in the dietary of B group were enriched. The parameters were measured on the 10th day after injury, including the response of spleen cells to ConA, the plasma levels of PGE(2), IL-2, albumin, transferrin, glucagons, cortisol in blood, the urinary content of vanillylmandelic acid (VAM) in 24-hour urine, the content of hydroxyproline, the ratio of type I to type III collagen in burn wounds, and the nitrogen content in the liver and in the jejunal mucosa, as well as the weight changes, skin delayed hypersensitivity test, and wound healing time.

RESULTSIt was revealed that the serum level of albumin, the nitrogen content in the liver and in the jejunal mucosa were obviously higher in B than those in A group. At the same time, there was no statistical difference in the plasma levels of cortisol and glucagons and urinary content of VAM between the two groups, nor in body weight changes. Meanwhile, the response of spleen cells to ConA and the skin delayed hypersensitivity induced by DNFB 14 days after injury in group B were also enhanced compared with those in group A. Although the expression of PGE2 from peritoneal macrophages was lower, the content of hydroxyproline from burn wounds in group B was significantly higher than that in group A, and the ratio of type l to type III collagen in group B was significantly lower than that in group A. Compared with group A, the wound healing time in group B was significantly shortened (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe low-fat and high-protein feeding diet with enriched arginine, omega-3 PUFA, glutamine could benefit the nutritional status after burn injury, thus improve the immunological function and promote wound healing.

Animals ; Arginine ; therapeutic use ; Burns ; drug therapy ; immunology ; metabolism ; Dietary Supplements ; Enteral Nutrition ; Female ; Glutamine ; therapeutic use ; Linolenic Acids ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Wound Healing

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Changji'an Capsule (CA) on mRNA expressions of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the hypothalamus and colon and serum levels of adreno-cortico-tropic hormone (ACTH) in rats of diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) model rats.

METHODSTotally 48 SD rats were randomly divided into six groups, i.e., the normal control group, the model group, the Pinaverium Bromide group (PB, 0.018 g/kg), the high dose CA group (2.812 g/kg), the medium dose CA group (1.406 g/kg), and the low dose CA group (0.703 g/kg), 8 in each group. The IBS-D rat model was established by using separation of breast milk + stimulation of acetic acid + constraint of four limbs. Normal saline was given to rats in the normal control group and the model group. All medication lasted for 14 successive days by gastrogavage. The serum content of ACTH was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expressions of NPY mRNA in the colon and the hypothalamus were detected using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, the serum ACTH content significantly increased (P < 0.01), the NPY mRNA expression in the colon and the hypothalamus obviously decreased (P < 0.01) in the model control group. Compared with the model group, the serum ACTH obviously decreased in the high dose CA group, the medium dose CA group, and the PB group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The NPY mRNA expression in the colon and the hypothalamus were obviously up-regulated in the high dose CA group, the medium dose CA group, the low dose CA group, and the PB group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSCA could modulate the abnormity of brain-gut axis of IBS-D rats possibly by up-regulating NPY mRNA expressions in the hypothalamus and the colon and down-regulating the ACTH content in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ; blood ; Animals ; Colon ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Hypothalamus ; metabolism ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; metabolism ; Male ; Neuropeptide Y ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo understand the status of occupational health of female migrant workers in different kinds of pharmaceutical industries in Gansu province and to provide the basis for improving occupational health condition.

METHODSOne thousand eight hundreds and one female workers from 16 enterprises were selected by cluster sampling in Gansu province and investigated by interviewing and questionnaires.

RESULTSThere were statistical significances of education level, status of residency registrations, employment relationship and occupational hazards among female workers in three types of enterprises (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The morbidities of skin disease in female workers for three kinds of enterprises were 4.46%, 2.53% and 3.70%, respectively. The morbidities of reproductive system disease in female workers for three kinds of enterprises were 48.57%, 36.70% and 36.11%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe levels of education and working conditions of female workers in the traditional Chinese medicine, western medicine plants are low. There are more severe occupational hazards in female workers of the traditional Chinese medicine plants.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Drug Industry ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; Occupational Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Transients and Migrants ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the characters of the cervical lymph node metastasis in differentiated thyroid carcinoma, and to provide evidence for proper surgery of differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

METHODSFrom 1984 to 2000, 99 cases with differentiated thyroid carcinoma were performed thyroidectomy and neck dissection. The patients were followed up. A retrospective analysis was performed. Results In 99 cases with differentiated thyroid carcinoma, there were 61 papillary carcinoma, 13 papillary and follicular mixed carcinoma, 25 follicular carcinoma. According to 2002 UICC TNM classification, 60 cases were staged I, 1 case staged II, 5 cases staged III, 33 cases staged IV. Lobectomy and isthmectomy was performed in 80 cases, lobectomy was resected and opposite subtotal lobectomy in 15 cases, total thyroidectomy in 4 cases. One hundred and four neck dissection were performed in 99 cases (5 cases were bilateral neck dissection ). Among them, 66 (68 sides) were radical neck dissection, 33 (36 sides) were modified neck dissection. Pathological results showed that lymph nodes were positive in 86 sides of 83 cases. The rate of cervical lymph node metastasis was 83.8% (83/99). The positive rates of lymph node were 37.5% (39/104) in level VI and 76.9% (80/104) in II-V, which was statistically different (chi2 = 33.01, P < 0.01). The cervical lymph node metastasis in lateral area (level II-V) and that in VI had not relationship (chi2 = 2.08, P > 0.05). Ten and 15 year survival rates of all 99 cases were 88.3% and 84.5% respectively.

CONCLUSIONSThe occurrence of lymph node metastasis in level VI and level II was different and no relationship .One can not judge whether lateral neck metastasis by the lymph node statue in level VI only . Although they all had good prognosis, patients with positive nodes in level VI were not worse than that in lateral neck (II-V).

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; pathology ; Cell Differentiation ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Neck Dissection ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; pathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the impact of radiofrequency catheter ablation on left atrial (LA) size and function in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) and whether there is any difference between segmental pulmonary vein ostial isolation (SPVI) and circumferential pulmonary vein ablation (CPVA).

METHODSSixty-six patients with highly symptomatic atrial fibrillation were assigned to undergo either SPVI or CPVA. Transthorax echocardiography was performed before, 1 day, 1 months and 3 months after the procedure. LA dimension, LA area, late diastolic peak velocity of mitral valve inflow (A) and peak atrial systolic mitral annulus velocity (A') were recorded.

RESULTSOf 66 consecutive patients with symptomatic PAF, 30 patients underwent SPVI and 36 underwent CPVA. After a mean follow-up of (315 +/- 153) days, 21 patients (70%) after SPVI and 28 patients (75%) after CPVA were free of atrial tachyarrhythmia. As compared with the baseline, LA area decreased at 1-month after ablation in SPVI group and at 3-month in CPVA group. LA dimension decreased also in SPVI group, but did not in CPVA group. A velocity and A' velocity declined remarkably 1 day after CPVA, and restored 3 months later. The former went back to the level of baseline, and the latter exceeded it apparently. In SPVI group, A velocity increased at 1-month, and maintained in 3-month after ablation. A' velocity increased at 3-month after ablation. No reduction of A velocity or A' velocity was found after SPVI.

CONCLUSIONSThis study demonstrated a decrease in LA area and an improvement in LA systolic function 3 months after ablation for PAF. The LA damage by CPVA was more than that by SPVI, which was characterized by the reduction of LA function 1 day after procedure and the delayed improvement of LA size and functional parameters.

Adult ; Atrial Fibrillation ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Atrial Function, Left ; Catheter Ablation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulmonary Veins ; Ultrasonography

Objective Critical hand foot and mouth disease(HFMD)progresses from severe type to critical type very fast with high mortality rate.The article was to explore the significance of pediatric early warning score and common inflammatory markers in early diagnosis of critical HFMD cases. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 236 HFMD cases in Hainan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2014 to December 2016. According to HFMD diagnosis and treatment guidelines(2010 Edition)formulated by the Ministry of Health,the selected cases were divided into the general group(n=88),the severe group(n=128)and the critical group(n=20). The white blood cells(WBC),neutrophils(PMN), serum C reactive protein(CRP),procalcitonin(PCT)and other la-boratory parameters were collected at admission,along with Pediatric Early Warning score(PEWS)and Pediatric Critical Illness Score(PCIS). The data of each group were compared by ROC curve analysis. Results The median number of WBC and PMN in the criti-cal group was 15.36×109/L and 10.09×109/L,respectively,which were significantly higher than those of severe group(P<0.05). However,no significant difference was found between general group and severe group(P>0.05). The serum levels of CRP and PCT in general group were higher than those in severe group and critical group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The PEWS[(6.1±2.42)vs(0.99±0.77)]and PCIS[(78.7±13.6)vs(99.03±2.12)]in critical group were significantly higher than those in severe group,which were of statistically significance(P<0.05). According to the ROC analysis,the area under the ROC curve of PEWS early warning score for children was(0.962~1.000),(P<0.05)and the best diagnosis limit PEWS was 3.5. The PEWS and PCIS correlation analysis showed the Pearson correlation coefficient was -0.885(P<0.05). Conclusion Common clini-cal inflammatory markers can not be taken as quantitative indicators for the early diagnosis of critical HFMD. The PEWS is an ideal quantitative index for early diagnosis of critical HFMD.