Objective To assess the safety and the efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided transmural drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts (PPC).Methods A total of 17 patients with PPC who underwent EUS to detect the optimal site and depth of puncture.The needle was punctured into the PPC cavity through endoscopic biopsy hole,cyst fluid was drained with a syringe.The guide wire was inserted along the pinhole under X-ray,and then the needle-knife was sent along the guide wire to cut the gastric wall and pseudocysts wall,followed by balloon dilation.The way of drainage was selected according to the cyst fluid properties.The technical success rate,treatment success rate,complication occurring rate and the skills were evaluated.Results Four patients were with nasalcystic catheter drainage,9 patients with double pigtail stents internal drainage,and 4 patients with nasal-cystic catheter and double pigtail stents combination drainage.The treatment success rates were 3/4,7/9,and 4/4 respectively.Only 1 patient subsequently developed bleeding from puncture site after stent successively placed,and was turned to surgery because of ineffective endoscopic treatment.Infection occurred in 4 patients during drainage,two of those were switched to surgical resection due to poor medical treatment response,and the other 2 were cured with intravenous infusion of antibiotics sensitive to cyst fluid bacteria and metronidazole rinse PPC.The median follow-up duration was 28.5months,and there was none of recurrence.Conclusions EUS-guided transmural drainage of PPC is safe.Stent placement and nasal-cystic catheter play an important role in PPC treatment.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of endoscopic resection of giant gastric stromal tumors without explicit evidence of metastases.Methods A total of 12 giant gastric stromal tumors with no evidence of metastases diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and computed tomography (CT) scan were managed by endoscopic resection.Operation time,blood loss and the incidence rate of perforation were recorded respectively.The diagnoses of tissue specimens were made by pathological examination and immunohistochemistry.In order to assess local recurrence and distant metastases,endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasound follow-up examinations were performed routinely at 2,6 and 12 months,and the whole abdominal CT scan was also performed at 12 months after operation.Results Endoscopic resections were successfully performed in 10 of 12 cases (83.3％),among which,6 underwent endoscopic submucosal excavation (ESE) without unexpected perforation and 4 endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFR)with intentional perforation.The rate of intentional perforation was 33.3％ (4/12),and all the perforations could be sealed by endoscopic methods.The blood losses were all more than 100 ml,which could be controlled by argon plasma coagulation,electrocoagulation or hemostatic clips.In the 10 encapsulated tumors,8 could be smoothly removed from esophagus,whose long diameter of the minimum cross section was less than 3.5 cm,however,2 tumors whose diameters were larger than 3.5 cm were taken out after segmentation.In the 10 tissue samples,9 were confirmed as low risk GIST,1 larger than 5 cm was pathologically confirmed as high risk GIST.During 1-year follow-up,no local recurrence or peritoneal metastasis was found.2 tumors,larger than 5.0 cm,could not be removed by endoscopic methods due to uncontrolled bleeding.The rate of uncontrolled bleeding was 16.7％ (2/12).The patients were transferred to surgery,and pathologically confirmed as having high risk GIST.Conclusion For low-risk giant gastric stromal tumors whose diameters were less than 5cm without evidence of metastases,endoscopic resection is considered as a safe and effective procedure.Tumors with long diameter of the minimum cross section less than 3.5 cm are more suitable for endoscopic resection,which can be smoothly taken out through cardia.However,for high-risk GIST larger than 5.0 cm,the rate of uncontrolled bleeding is high,so endoscopic resection should be adopted with discretion.

Objective To clarify the MUM1/IRF4 expression in follicular lymphoma (FL) and its clinical and pathological significance. Methods Ninety-six cases FL were immunostained with MUM1,CD10,bcl-2,bcl-6 and Ki-67 antibodies. The results were compared with their clinical and pathological features. Results The overall MUM1 expression rate in FL was 59.2 % (58/96),including 36.2 % (19/51) grade 1 or 2 and 86.4 %(39/45) grade 3 cases (x2 =24.406,P <0.001). 68.9 % cases with diffuse area were MUM1 positive (x2 =8.161,P =0.004). MUM 1 and CD10 expression had inverse correlation,83.3 % CD10 negative cases were MUM1 positive (x2= 12.649,P<0.001). The mitosis rate and Ki-67 label index were statistically higher in MUM1 positive cases than in negative cases (t = -3.852 & -4.610,respectively,P <0.001). Conclusion MUM1 can be used as a biomarker to divide FL into different malignancies. The MUM1 positive FL may be the feature of high grade non germinal center B cell malignant lymphoma.

ObjectiveTo prospectively assess the efficacy and safety of endoscopic ultrasoundguided celiac plexus neurolysis (EUS-CPN) in the management of pain caused by pancreatic carcinoma.MethodsPatients with confirmed un-resectable pancreatic malignancy were treated with EUS-CPN once or twice.The data including age,gender,pain duration,opioid consumption,tumor location,pain scores before and after the procedure,number of treatment,duration of pain relief and survival time were collected.ResultsA total of 27 cases with cancerous abdominal pain were recruited.The median pain scores were significantly lower after EUS-CPN,and pain relief was obtained in 81.5％ (95％ CI,66.8％ -96.1％ ) patients with a median duration of 56.0 days (95％ CI,17.1-94.9),whose confidence interval was comparable to that of survival time (97.0 days,95 ％ CI,82.7-111.3 ).No clinical factors could predict post-procedure duration of pain relief (x2 =6.757,P =0.239).Procedure-related transient diarrhea and fever were noted only in 1 patient.No major complications occurred.ConclusionEUS-guided CPN is safe and effective in alleviating abdominal pain associated with pancreatic cancer,even at the late stage.Moreover,no clinical factor could predict post-procedure degree or duration of pain relief.

Objective To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for lesions at gastroesophageal junction (GEJ). Methods A total of 51 lesions located at GEJ from 51 patients, with an average size of 10. 9±4. 0 mm (3-28 mm), were treated with EMR between November 2005 and March 2009, among which 39 were diagnosed as low grade dysplasia and 12 as high grade dysplasia pathologically after EMR. The histopathologic results were compared between biopsies and EMR samples. All patients were followed up endoscopically. Results Complete resection was achieved in 44 ( 86. 3% ). The histopathologic diagnosis of 25 cases (49. 9% ) was inconsistent between biopsy and EMR samples, with 24 exhibited higher grade dysplasia after EMR. Main complication during EMR was bleeding in 17 patients ( 33. 3% ), all of which were successfully managed. No perforation or postoperative stenesis occurred. Endoscopic follow-up was carried out in 8 patients for more than 3 years, in 17 for 2-3 years, in 12 for 1-2 years and in 14 for less than 1 year. No death occurred during follow-up. Conclusion EMR can be adquately adopted as an effective treatment for pre-cuncerous lesions at GEJ, which is important in blocking malignant progression of dysplastic lesions.

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; genetics ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide ; pharmacology ; Electroporation ; methods ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Stromal Interaction Molecule 1 ; Transfection

Objective:To analyse the physicochemical properties and structure of major privet pollen allergen Lig v 1 using bioinformatics software and provide a reference for choosing suitable recombinant expression system for Lig v 1 and modifying the allergen Lig v 1 experimentally.Methods:The physicochemical properties were analysed by ProtParam,the signal peptide by SignalP 4.1 Server,the transmembrane helix by TMHMM Server v.2.0,the secondary structure by GOR4,MHCⅡepitopes by NetMHCⅡ2.2 Server,B-cell epitopes by ProteanTM 5.01 and the phylogenetic tree by MEGA 6.Results: Privet major pollen allergen Lig v 1 was stable in Escherichia coli and it doesn′t possess any signal peptide and transmembrane helix.Most secondary structures of Lig v 1 were random coils.Potential region of MHCⅡepitope of Lig v 1 was 30-44.Potential B-cell epitopes possess discontinuous and continuous a mino acid sequences.Lig v 1 and its counterparts from Fraxinus excelsior and Olea europaea were clustered into one group.Conclusion:Escherichia coli is the suitable expression system for recombinant Lig v 1.In silico prediction of the epitopes of Lig v 1 provides a reference for modifying the allergen Lig v 1 experimentally.

Objective To explore effect of endogeneous gangliosides(Gls) and integrin ?2?1 on protein phosphotyrosine expression of pp125 focal adhesion kinase (pp125FAK) after adhesion of SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells to collagen(Col).Methods SK-N-SH cell line with high expression of integrin ?2?1 was cultured in presence of D-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanolamino-3-morphinoline-1-propanol(D-PDMP).Effect of endogeneous Gls,anti-?2 and anti-?1 monoclonal antibody on protein phosphotyrosine expression of pp125FAK during adhesion of SK-N-SH cells to Col were determined by immunoprecipitate and Western blotting.Results After 6 days,endogenous Gls in cells were almost depleted.Gls-depletion,anti?2 and anti-?1 monoclonal antibody were able to decrease pp125FAK expression of SK-N-SH cells adherent to Col respectively.GD2,the major component of neuroblastoma cell Gls could reco-ver pp125FAK expression to a certain degree.Conclusions Endogenous tumor Gls regulate protein phosphotyrosine expression of pp125FAK during adhesion of neuroblastoma cells to Col.It is suggested that tumor Gls may increase signal transduction of tumor cell integrin ?2?1 by increasing tyrosine phosphorylation of pp125FAK.

Objective:To obtain purified recombinant Litopenaeus vannamei allergen protein Lit v 1.2.Methods: The target gene of Lit v 1.2 was inserted into clone vector pGEM-T and then ligated to the expression vector pET 44a.The pET44a-Liv 1.2 was transformed into Rosetta and screened by ampicillin resistance .The recombinant protein was expressed by IPTG induction .The protein was purified by 6-His tag affinity chromatography and the purification was analyzed by SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis .Results:The ex-pression plasmid pET44a-Lit v 1.2 was constructed.SDS-PAGE showed that expressed Lit v 1.2 was efficient and soluble in E.coli Rosetta.The protein molecular weight was consistent with the theoretical value .The highly purified target protein was obtained.Conclusion:In this study ,we successfully gained highly purified recombinant allergen protein Lit v 1.2 which was expressed in prokaryotic system and purified by affinity chromatography column .The purified Lit v 1.2 protein will facilitate us to further study its role in immunological responses .

0.05).Conclusions ATP-TCA could be used to individualize chemotherapy by selecting agents for particular patients of cervical cancer.The expression of GST-? and TS protein might be useful biomarkers to predict the resistance to DDP and 5-FU in patients with cervical cancer.