Objective:To investigate the remodeling of alveolar bone and the changes of roots after an-terior retraction with maximum anchorage by analyzing CBCT data from adult cases.Methods:The sam-ple comprised 48 incisors and 24 canines from 12 patients (18 to 40 years of age)with problems of ma-xillary protrusion or upper arch protrusion.CBCT scans were exposed before and after treatment,and la-teral cephalometric images as well as multiple planar reconstruction images were reconstructed.Tracing superimpositions of sagittal sections and three-dimensional reconstructions were done for qualitative analy-sis.For all maxillary anterior teeth,changes of root length,alveolar bone height and labial-palatal thick-nesses at different levels were evaluated.The average of measurements taken by the same tester in three times was processed by SPSS 17.0 statistical package.Results:In 6 of the 12 cases,alveolar thickness became thinner on labial side [apical area:(-0.64 ±1.18)mm]while thicker on palatal side [apical area:(0.93 ±2.0)mm]and the root length decreased[(-0.95 ±0.79)mm].In the other 6 cases, the incisors’alveolar bone became thicker on labial side [apical area:(2.12 ±1.46)mm]while thin-ner on palatal side [apical area:(-2.88 ±0.58)mm]and the loss of root length was obvious[(-2.12 ± 1.43)mm].In all the 12 cases,the canines’alveolar bone became thinner on labial side especially on the apical level [(-0.27 ±1.86)mm]while greatly thicker on palatal side [apical area:(6.40 ± 6.00)mm]and the root resorption was slight [(-1.12 ±1.19)mm].For all the anterior teeth,the height of alveolar bone reduced around them after retraction.Conclusion:When the root apical moved more palatally,more root resorption would occur and the alveolar bone would get thicker on labial side but thinner on palatal side and thinner as a whole after anterior retraction with maximum anchorage.In the vertical direction,the height of the alveolar bone generally decreased on all sides and decreased the most on the palatal side.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology ; Cell Membrane ; drug effects ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests

Kidney ; growth & development ; injuries ; Regeneration ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; Wound Healing

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of acupoints stimulation with silver spike point therapy on insomnia.Methods60 patients with insomnia were randomly divided into the trial group and control group with 30 cases in each group. Patients of the trial group were treated by acupoints stimulation with silver spike point therapy and patients of control group were treated only with Clonopin. All patients of two groups were tested with Self-Rating Scale of Sleep (SRSS) before and after treatment.ResultsThe curative effect rate of the trial group was 86.6%; that of the control group was 60%; the curative effect of the trial group was superior to the control group (P<0.05). SRSS difference of the trial group pre-and post-treatment was 12.79±3.20; that of the control group was 10.1±3.89. There was also a significant difference between two groups (P<0.01).ConclusionThe silver spike point therapy has the better curative effect on insomnia than Clonopin.

Objective To evaluate the potential utility of temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TTGE) in detecting homoplasmic and heteroplasmic mtDNA mutations in patients with cancers. Methods The entire mtDNA of tumor and corresponding normal tissues from total 117 patients were amplified by PCR, and the somatic mutations were screened by TTGE. DNA fragments showing different band patterns in normal and tumor tissues in TTGE were sequened to identify the exact mutations. Results 160 fragments harbouring mtDNA mutations were found by TTGE in total 3 654 fragments. Compared with the direct squencing results, the sensitivity and specificity of TTGE in mutation detection were 96.27% and 94.05% respectively. Conclusion TTGE is an effective method for screening acquired homoplasmic mitochondrial gene mutation and its different percentage.

Objective To investigate the effects of nephroblastoma over-expressed protein (CCN3) on the formation of extracellular matrix (ECM) induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in human mesangial cells (HMCs) and its underlying signal transduction mechanism related with microRNA-29(miRNA-29).Methods HMCs were pretreated with different doses of exogenous CCN3 (5 μg/L,50 μg/L and 500 μg/L) or transfected with pcDNA3.1(+)-CCN3 before exposed to TGF-β1(2 μg/L),to observe the expression of fibronectin (FN),type I collagen (COL I) and miRNA-29a,b and c.The mimics or inhibitor of the miRNA-29a were transfected into HMCs to analyze whether miRNA-29a affect CCN3.The expressions of FN mRNA,COL I mRNA and miRNA-29 family were detected by real time PCR.The protein expressions of FN and COL I were detected by Western blotting and cell immunofluorescence.Results (1) Compared with the normal control group,the expressions of FN and COL I were up-regulated in TGF-β1 group,while the expressions of miRNA-29a,b,c were down-regulated in TGF-β1 group (all P ＜ 0.05).(2) Compared with the TGF-β1 group,the expressions of FN and COL I were decreased when pretreated with the different doses of exogenous of CCN3 or transfected with pcDNA3.1(+)-CCN3 (all P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,the expression of miRNA-29a was significantly increased when pretreated with 50 μg/L and 500 μg/L CCN3 or transfected with pcDNA3.1(+)-CCN3 (all P ＜ 0.05);whereas miRNA-29b and c had no statistical difference (all P ＞ 0.05).(3) Compared with TGF-β1+CCN3 group,the expressions of FN and COL I were decreased in CCN3+TGF-β1+miRNA-29a mimics group (all P ＜ 0.05),whereas the expressions of FN and COL I in CCN3+TGF-β1+miRNA-29a inhibitors group were increased (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions CCN3 reduces the TGF-β1-induced production of ECM by the up-regulation of miRNA-29a.

Objective To observe the expression of zinc finger protein A20(A20), NF-κB and related inflammatory factors before and after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulates degeneration of rabbit intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells.Methods The normal and degenerative nucleus pulposus cells were isolated and cultured, then divided into normal group,degenerative group,LPS stimulation group and NF-κB inhibition group.HE staining observe the morphological changes of nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus,immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of A20,NF-κB/p65 and COL-Ⅱ.Real-time PCR was employed to analyze the expression of A20,IL-1β,TNF-α,NF-κB and COL-Ⅱ,Western blot was used to observe the A20 protein,p65 and COL-Ⅱexpression in the four groups, and TNF-α, IL-1β in cell supernatant was determined by ELISA.Results The number of nucleuspulposus cells significantly decreased, aggregation occured in the degenerative group.COL-Ⅱ was obvious lower and A20, p65 significantly higher than that in normal group by immunohistochemical staining.Compared with the normal group,A20,TNF-α,IL-1β,p65 expression was significantly increased and COL-Ⅱ decreased in the mRNA and protein levels in degenerative group.Above indexes changed more significant in LPS stimulation group than in degenerative group.The expression of A20, TNF-α, IL-1β, p65 in the NF-κB inhibitor group was lower than that in the LPS group, and the expression of type Ⅱ collagen increased(P<0.05).Conclusions Intervertebral disc inflammatory response is closely related to the development of intervertebral disc degeneration, A20 may play an important role.

Objective This article is to discuss the best injection time after alcohol disinfection during the prophylactic immunization,provide theoretical support to guarantee the effect of disinfection in practical work,also guarantee the effect of vaccination especially for the vaccination of attenuated live vaccine at the same time reduce the side effect in disinfection.Methods Choosing the vaccination objects as experimental subject,each period contained 40 people,who were named as group A,B,C,D,E,with a total of 200 people.Using sterile cotton swab sampling and agar plate cultivation method,counting bacteria.Selecting vaccine either in liquid or in lyophilized form,counting the time of picking up the vaccine,dissolving it,suction and preparing the injector.Results After alcohol disinfection,there was 1 person and 1 colony growth in group A within 25 s.There were 1 person and 4 colonies growth in group B within 40 s.There were 3 persons and 3 to 12 colonies growth in group C within 60 s,there were 5 persons and 2 to 8 colonies growth in group D within 80 s,there were 8 persons and 3 to 13 colonies growth in group E within 100 s.The difference between group A,B,C and D was not statistically significant.All four groups mentioned above had significant difference compared with group E.The time of whole process for vaccine either in liquid or in lyophilized form was 1.05 min and 29 s.Conclusions During vaccine injection,especially injectable attenuated live vaccine,it is safe time to finish injecting within 25 to 45 seconds.In the operating process of vaccine inoculation,the freeting and drying dosage-form vaccine,the operation sequence must be set as dissolve the seedlings,disinfection,checkup information again and injections.For water dosage-form vaccine,the operation sequence is to disinfection,pulling out seedlings,checkup information again and injections.

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of a new drug for acute coronary syndrome (ACS), ticagrelor in treating the patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and to compare the effect between ticagrelor and clopidogrel in order to obtain the prospective information of ticagrelor in clinical practice.
Methods: A total of 307 STEMI patients were divided into 2 groups, Treatment group, the patients received ticagrelor with aspirin, n=157 and Control group, the patients received clopidogrel with aspirin, n=150. With a period of treatment, the major adverse cardiac events (MACE), rate of thrombosis re-formation and routine blood test result were compared between 2 groups.
Results: Treatment group presented the better LVDD, LVEF, platelet level and ST-segment recovery than those in Control group, P<0.05 or P<0.01. Treatment group showed slightly higher rate of side effect such as dififcult breathing and bleeding, while those reaction did not affect the treatment or special management for the patients.
Conclusion: The clinical effect of ticagrelor is similar to clopidogre for improving the platelet level and cardiac function in STEMI patients, while the clinical advantage reported in abroad should be further studied.

Objective:To study the effect of molecular weight and degree of substitution (DS) of chitosan-poly-arginine (CS-R9) on transdermal penetration enhancement in vitro. Methods:Low molecular CS, medium molecular CS or high molecular CS was respectively used to synthesize CS-R9 with different molecular weight (LCS-R9-1, MCS-R9 and HCS-R9). Low molecular CS was used to synthesize CS-R9 with various degree of substitution by changing the mole ratio between R9 and CS (LCS-R9-1, LCS-R9-2 and LCS-R9-3). The in vitro transdermal penetration enhancement of the different CS-R9 on tinidazole ( TNZ) was studied using Franz diffusion cells. Results:According to the results of FTIR and 1 H-NMR, a series of target CS-R9 were synthesized including LCS-R9-1 with the DS of 2. 30, MCS-R9 with the DS of 2. 17, HCS-R9 with the DS of 2. 20, LCS-R9-2 with the DS of 8. 05 and LCS-R9-3 with the DS of 15. 87. Compared with the blank control group, Azone group, LCS group, R9 group and LCS+R9 group, LCS-R9-1 could enhance the in vitro transdermal penetration of TNZ significantly (P<0. 05). When the DS was unchanged, LCS-R9-1 and HCS-R9 showed similar enhancement in the first 12h, and the effects were both higher than that of MCS-R9 (P<0. 05). The enhancement of HCS-R9 was decreased during 12-24h, while compared with that of LCS-R9-1, the difference was not notable (P>0. 05). When the molecular weight of CS was unchanged, the effect was increased with the rise of DS in the first 21h, however, after that, the effect was decreased with the rise of DS. Conclusion:Molecular weight and DS both have significant effect on the in vitro transdermal penetration enhancement of CS-R9, and it is valuable to further study the in vivo transdermal penetration enhancement of CS-R9 and underlying mechanisms.