Objective To analyze the related risk factors of pathological changes of cardiocerebral vascular in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with hypertension.Methods 100 patients with T2DM were selected as the research subjects.According to the presence of hypertension,they were divided into control group (without hyper tension) and observation group (hypertension),50 cases in each group.The incidence of pathological changes of cardiocerebral vascular in the two groups was compared,and the risk factors of pathological changes of cardiocerebral vascular were analyzed.Results In the control group,the pathological changes of cardiocerebral vascular in 16 cases,the incidence rate was 32.0％.In the observation group,the pathological changes of cardiocerebral vascular in 33 cases,the incidence rate was 66.0％.The incidence rate of the observation group was significantly higher than the control group,there was statistically significant difference (x2 =10.427,P ＜ 0.05).The age,smoking,diet,exercise,fat metabolic disorders,diabetes,glycemic control,diabetic complications between the two groups had statistically significant differences (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Complicated with hypertension will increase the pathological changes incidence of cardiocerebral vascular in patients with T2DM at a certain extent.The age,smoking,diet,exercise,lipid metabolic disorders,diabetes,glycemic control,diabetic complications are related risk factors to hypertension induced the pathological changes of cardiocerebral vascular in patients with T2DM.

Objective To explore the diagnosis and surgical treatment of synchronous multiple primary coloreetal carcinoma(SCC).Methods The clinical data of 36 patients with SCC were analyzed retrospectively.Results The 36 patients with SCC were resected simultaneously.Thirty-five patients were reseeted radically and one patient was reseeted palliatively.The 5-,10-year survival rate were 58.3%,41.7%,respectively.There was no significant difference in 5-year and 10-year survival rate between SCC and mono-primary colorectal carcinoma at the same time.Conclusion The preoperative or intraoperative full-course colonoseopy should be emphasized to be a routine method in the patient with colorectal carcinoma.The resection specimen should be examined routinely.Surgical radical resection is the principal in the treatment of SCC.

Objective To evaluate application effectiveness of quality control circle (QCC)in increasing the face mask wearing rate of hospitalized pulmonary tuberculosis (TB)patients.Methods Nine nurses in department of tu-berculosis formed a ‘circle’,the theme of ‘improving the face mask wearing rate of hospitalized pulmonary TB pa-tients’was established,rectification measures were formulated and implemented,face mask wearing rates of pa-tients before and after implementing QCC activities were analyzed statistically.Results The face mask wearing rate of hospitalized pulmonary TB patients after implementing QCC activities was higher than that before implementing QCC activities (87.50% [147/168]vs 65.54%[116/177],P <0.05).The abilities of every ‘circle member’have been improved in the following aspects:problem-solving skills,sense of responsibility,communication skills,self-confidence,team working,enthusiasm,quality-control techniques,and cooperation abilities,the total average score increased from 23.78 before implementing QCC to 33.78 after implementing QCC.Conclusion QCC activities can not only improve the face mask wearing rate of hospitalized pulmonary TB patients,but also enhance circle mem-bers’quality-control skills and team spirit.

Objectives:To understand the patients' cognition and satisfaction with public welfare in public hospitals.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among 600 patients in Beijing municipal public hospitals and the data was statistically analyzed by SPSS 22.0.Results:Patients' understanding of public welfare was not ideal,the satisfaction was quite well,and the satisfaction of the patients in the experimental hospitals was more satisfactory than those in non-experimental hospitals.The patients have urgent needs on rational drug use,mutual recognition of medical results,smooth channels of patient rights,reduced medical expense and shortened waiting time.Conclusions:It should strengthen the publicity and governance of the public welfare of public hospitals to enhance the patients' understanding,breakthrough the urgent needs of public welfare to improve patients' satisfaction,and intensify the policy linkage and explore diversified implement forms of public welfare to improve service level.

Objective: To analyze the cost of laparoscopy and laparotomy in the treatment of tubal pregnancy.Methods: The selected patients of tubal pregnancy were operated on in our hospital from Jan. 2000 to Jun. 2002. Eighty received laparoscopy and 13 received laparotomy.The off work day, hospital charge, cost of no work and total cost were analyzed and compared.Results: The mean hospital stay and off work days were significantly shorter in the laparoscopy group than in the laparotomy group( P

Objective: To introduce an improved direct method for first puncture and to study the safety of first puncture in laparoscopic surgery.Methods: Four kinds of techniques were used to perform the first puncture on 4 102 patients.Group A: trocar puncture were performed after pneumoperitoneum in 2 492 cases.Group B: trocar puncture was directly through the incision of umbilical skin in 798 patients; Group C: trocar puncture was directly through the incision of umbilic skin,subcutancous fat and fascia in 387 patients.Group D: opened umbilical hole and inserted the trocar shell without puncture in 425 cases.it was a success if entered the abdominal cavity at the first time,it was unsafe if punctured twice and a failure if the needle hadn't entered the abdominal cavity for 3 times or went into the subcutaneous vessels or viscera.Results: There were no vessels and viscera injury during punctures in our study.The puncture results were related to the different methods.Compared with group A, the success rate of group C and D were significantly improved( P 0.05).Success rates of group C and D were significantly higher than that of group A.The success rate was higher in group D than in group C( P

Objective To study the advances in use of imaging in the evaluation of living donor liver.Methods The literatures in recent years on the use of imaging in evaluation of living donor liver were reviewed.Results Preoperative computed tomography(CT) and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) in the donor allowed accurate determination of liver volume and rough determination of macrovesicular hepatic steatosis of the liver.CT angiography could assess the anatomy of hepatic artery,portal vein and hepatic veins.Intraoperative cholangiography allowed detection of the anatomy of the biliary tree.Conclusion Imaging techniques are widely used in the evaluation of liver volume,vasculature and biliary system in the living donor liver.

Thirty-four patients with chronic lingual tonsillar hypertrophy were treated in our department from 1994 to 2000. There were 18 males and 16 females ranging in age from 21 to 60 years old. The clinical feature of lingual tonsillar hypertrophy usually appeared a series of pharyngeal symptoms, such as foreign-body sensation, sore throat, speech change, difficulty in swallowing, dysapnea and obstructive sleep apnea. The CO2 laser surgical lingual tonsillectomy was used for these patients. Result showed that the cure rate was 100% without any serious complications by following up 2 months to 3 years. The variety of presentations of lingual tonsillar hypertrophy and methods of surgical treament were discussed.

The urinary continence mechanism in the fetal and neonatal periods is the foundation of the development of continence function in the lower urinary tract (LUT).At present,it is rarely reported what is the fetus and newborns' LUT continence,and the domestic reviews about these knowledge is blank.The authors searched all the research reports about LUT continence and its mechanism in the fetal and neonatal period both in the human and animals,and reviewed the urinary continence of the fetus and newborns at first time at home,to fill the domestic blank of this field.

Objective To review the advances in techniques of hepatic blood occlusion in hepatectomy.Methods The related literatures were reviewed and analysed.Results There were many techniques of hepatic blood occlusion.The most frequently used and studied techniques were hemihepatic vascular occlusion and intermittent hepatic inflow occlusion.Hepatic vascular exclusion was employed when hepatic veins and/or vena cava would be damaged.Total vascular exclusion and other techniques were rarely used.Conclusion To reduce blood loss in hepatectomy and make patient safe,based on the situation of the patient,the technique should be ingeniously selected.