Objective To determine the multi-ion content in inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine(IPV) by using ion chromatography,and to verify and preliminarily apply the method,so as to perform quality control for multi-ions in the vaccines.Methods Chromatographic conditions:anion exchange analysis column(4 mm × 250 mm) with the sample loading of 25 μL,isocratic elution with 30 mmol/L potassium hydroxide eluent at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and column temperature of 25℃,and detection by a conductivity detector for 15 min of detection time.Chromeleon chromatography workstation was used to record and analyze the data.The applicability,specificity,linearity,accuracy and reproducibility of the established method were verified,and the limit of detection(LOD) and limit of quantitation(LOQ) were determined.Ten batches of IPV made from Sabin strains(sIPV) were detected by using the established method.Results The relative standard deviations(RSDs) of peak areas of fluoride ions,chloride ions,sulfate ions,nitrate ions and phosphate ions were all less than 2.0% after 8 consecutive injections;The method showed strong specificity in detecting chloride ions,fluoride ions,nitrate ions,phosphate ions and sulfate ions.In the range of 2.5-150 μg/mL,there was a good linear relationship between the above ion concentration and the chromatography peak area,with all the r~2 values of more than 0.995.Adding low(10 μg/mL),medium(25 μg/mL)and high(50 μg/mL) concentrations of multi-ion mixed standard solution to sIPV filtrate,the recovery rates were between93.69% and 106.70%,and the RSDs were within 0.05%-0.7% in six tests.The minimum LODs of fluoride ion,chloride ion,sulfate ion,nitrate ion and phosphate ion were 8.3,2.5,5.1,0.025 and 0.021 μg/mL,and the minimum LOQs were 0.025,8.3,0.025,0.45 and 0.063 μg/mL,respectively.Fluoride ion,sulfate ion and nitrate ion were not detected in 10batches of sIPV using the established method,while chloride ion and phosphate ion were detected.Conclusion Ion chromatography is an effective detection method for the determination of multi-ion concentration changes in IPV,which is simple,rapid,sensitive and reproducible,and can help enterprises to control the quality of this kind of vaccines

The medical curriculum which is designed reasonable, plays a decisive role in the training specifications and quality of medical talents. The medical education in England is always in the world first column, and its medical curriculum is distinctive. The courses are mostly offered by the form of integration. They pay more attention to the setup of selective courses, humanities and social sciences courses, and they also put emphasis on the early clinical contact and early scientific research training. In addition, they are also outstanding in practice and internship. There is much beneficial enlightenment for our country's course reform from the British medical curriculum design, namely to establish integration courses which is interdisciplinary, to strengthen the humanistic quality's cultiva-tion, to advocate early clinical contact and early scientific research, and to strengthen cooperation and coordination between medical colleges and social organizations in all aspects.

Primary Hepatic Carcinoma(PHC)is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world.Nowadays,its incidence and mortality have been still increasing.With regard to the early treatment for PHC,the combined therapy,primarily referred to operation,is considered optimal.For recent decades,with the quick development of ultrasonic therapeutics,High Intensity Focused Ultrasound(HIFU)techniques,which rose newly,has already become a kind of effective and noninvasive substitution therapy for PHC operation therapy as a kind of noninvasive tumor therapy.Now,this literature review aims to summarize the found re- search and clinical research of HIFU therapy for primary hepatic carcinoma.

Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neurosurgery ; trends

Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Iatrogenic Disease ; Lacerations ; etiology ; Pneumoperitoneum ; etiology ; therapy ; Trachea ; injuries ; Tracheostomy ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To discuss the clinical features and related factors of psychosis in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and assess the prevalence of psychosis.Methods A total of 82 patients with Parkinson's disease and 69 healthy controls were evaluated by Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and neuropsychiatric questionnaire.For the PD group,the age at PD onset,type and dose of PD medications,and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) were recorded.Unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (UPDRS,parts Ⅱ and Ⅲ) and Hoehn-Yahr staging were used for the evaluation of the severity of motor dysfunction,Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) for emotional state,montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) for cognition,and scales for outcomes in Parkinson's disease-SLEEP (SCOPA-SLEEP) for quality of sleep.Results The prevalence of psychosis was 36.59％ in PD patients and 2.90％ in the control group.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P＜ 0.001).Among the 30 PD patients with PD psychosis meeting the NINDS/NIMH criteria,patients experienced illusions,false sense of presence,hallucinations and delusions was 22.0％,14.6％,29.3％,and 7.3％,respectively.Univariate analysis showed that age,levodopa equivalent dosage,SCOPA-SLEEP scores,and prevalence of RBD were significantly higher in thePDP group [(71.1±6.18),(628.7±283.2),(15.3±7.28),60.00％] than in the PDNP group [(66.6±9.25),(461.1±317.2),(9.7±7.64),28.85％] (all P＜0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that Hoehn-Yahr staging was a protective factor (OR =0.039,95％ CI:0.004-0.402),while sleep disorder was a risk factor (OR=1.157,95％CI:1.015-1.320).The PD patients with more psychotic symptoms were much older and with higher SCOPA-SLEEP scores,which had a statistically significant difference (P =0.0042,P =0.0112).Conclusions The prevalence of psychosis is much higher in PD patients than in healthy controls.PD psychosis is correlated with older age,larger levodopa equivalent doses,higher SCOPA-SLEEP scores,and prevalence of REM sleep behavior disorder.

Objective To explore the expression of b-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (bcl-2) and breast cancer drug-resistant protein (BCRP) in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and their correlation. Methods Using flow cytometry (FCM) and semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay the expressions of BCRP gene was analysed in 40 DLBCL samples. bcl-2 protein were measured by immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded slices in 40 cases of DLBCL. Results The positive expression rate of bcl-2 and BCRP protein were 60.0 % (24/40) and 37.5 % (15/40) in 40 patients with DLBCL respectively. There was significant differences between positive group and negative groups (x2 = 5.7618,P <0.05; x2 = 6.5541,P <0.05). There was no significant correlation between Bcl-2 and BCRP gene in effective treatment group and therapies group or progress group (x2 = 2.0263,P >0.05). Conclusion BCRP may play an important role in DLBCL primary much medicine drug-resistant,thus it may be a useful prediction of chemotherapeutic treatment and risk of relapse. The level bcl-2 expression was closely related with the grade of malignancy and the prognosis of DLBCL. There was no significant correlation between bcl-2 and BCRP gene. The detection of bcl-2 and BCRP gene played an important role in evaluating DLBCL outcome.

Objective To study the changes of hematological indices of blood donors after 400ml whole-blood donation.Methods Blood specimens of 123 healthy donors were collected before donation,1 day,7 days,1 month,and 3 months after donation.The dynamic changes of WBC,RBC,hemoglobin,hematocrit,Plt,plasma total protein,albumin and blood serum iron were observed.Results After donation,the changes of WBC,Plt,total protein of blood plasma and albumin showed no significant change.The levels of RBC,hemoglobin,hematocrit and blood serum iron returned to normal after 3 months.Conclusion For anyone who meets the health standard of blood donors,to donate 400ml whole blood at 3-month interval is harmless.

Objective To investigate the effects of anti-parkinsonian drugs on cytokines(IL-6 and TNF-?) produced by PBMC in PD patients. Methods 25 subjects were divided into 3 groups : normal controls(NC),pergolide and Madopar treated PD patients(P+M group),Madopar treated PD patients(M group). PBMC were cultured in the presence of pure RPMI-1640,RPMI-1640 with ConA and RPMI-1640 with pergolide,respectively. The amount of IL-6 and TNF-? in the culture media was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results IL-6 production amount by PBMC when stimulated with ConA was significantly lower in group P+M and M than in group NC( P 0.05). In group P+M,the concentration of TNF-? was significantly higher in the presence of ConA than in the presence of pure RPMI-1640 and in the presence of pergolide( P 0.05). Conclusions The ability of amount by PBMC of PD elderly patients to excrete IL-6 was significantly decreased in the presence of ConA. Pergolide might arise the excretion of IL-6 by PBMC during the treatment process of PD and at the same time does not arise the excretion of TNF-?,which might be neurotoxic.

Objective To evaluate the changes and clinical significance of CD+4CDHi25CDLo127 regulatory T cell(Treg) in peripheral blood of patients with lung cancer. Methods 30 patients with lung cancer and 20 heathy volunteers were included in this study. The proportion of Treg population in CD4+ T cells stained with three colors was analysed by flow cytometry. The serum level of IL-10 and TGF-β were measured by ELISA. Results The proportion of Treg in patients with squamous cell careinoma(n=20), adenocarcinoma (n=10) were all significantly higher than that of healthy controls (P <0.05), but there was not obvious difference between the two groups with different pathological types(P0.05). Increased serum level of IL-10 and TGF-β was also detected in lung cancer patients. Conclusion The proportion of Treg is increased in lung cancer patients, which may result in the inhibition of host anti-cancer immune response by excreting IL-10 and TGF-β.