China ; Humans ; Hypertension ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; therapy

Cl~- localization and periodic acid-silver methenamine techniques have been used for ultrastructural studies on parietal cells of mouse stomach. Cl~- is located only in the intracellular canaliculi (IC) and intercellular space (IS)of parietal cells. The tubulovesicular system (TS) shows various reactions in periodic acid-silver methenamine staining. The positive reaction was demonstrated in the TS which is located near the apical membranes. This indicates that acid secretion is accompanied by polysaccharides secretion in which the TS takes part, and the polysaccharides secretory activity shows its cyclicity which is characterized by the changes of amounts of secretion. The cycle of parietal cells do not synchronize.

Along with the popularization and application of the computer, masses of information could be achieved from the internet, ensuring the well operation of internet is becoming the prior issue. The paper introduces some successful experiences in ensuring the well operation of internet, including broadening the broadband communications, adding extra network firewall, purchasing products for network safety management, installing anti -virus software, regulating the access to the internet, etc.

Though implementing the quality management system of ISO9000 series standard in the hospital,it enables to make the nursing quality in a controlled state and make every service and operation of nursing staff have regulations to abide by.According to ISO9000 series standard,implementing the management of“procedureization”makes the nursing work closed to the need of patients and satisfies them by stipulating each workflow clearly.

Because of minimal donor site morbidity, adequate tissue, excellent clinical and functional results, the anterolateral thigh flap has become one of the most important tissue flaps which are used to repair the defects of head and neck. Generally, anterolateral thigh flap is mainly used to repair the maxillofacial defects in head and neck surgery. However, the anterolateral thigh flap is a better tissue flap for reconstruction of hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal defects.
Esophagus ; surgery ; Head ; surgery ; Humans ; Hypopharynx ; surgery ; Neck ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Surgical Flaps ; Thigh

Because absence of lymphoadenopathy, and often associated with haemophagocytic syndrome, the intravascular malignant lymphoma(IVL) is easy mistaken as malignant histiocytosis or connective tissue disease or vasculitis, the diagnosis was difficult while patients were alive. The clinical course of this disorder (IVL)was aggressive and carried a poor prognosis. The cases of this disorder are not too rare to be seen in our country. To enhance one′s ability to differentiate disorder in unknown fever diseases are extremely necessary.

A deficient of plasma VW factor-cleaving protease (ADAMTS13) and appearance of unusually large multimers induced platelets aggregation in capillaries and arterioles. It was critical pathogenesis of thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura (TTP). ADAMTS13 activity has been measured over 1000patients of TTP and hemolysis uremia syndrome (HUS) since 1997. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity,as well as clinical significance of ADAMTS13 deficiency for TTP patients were evaluated,and synthetical diagnosis basis of TTP were raised.

Child, Preschool ; Embolism ; complications ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Mediastinal Emphysema ; etiology ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; etiology ; Sputum ; physiology ; Subcutaneous Emphysema ; etiology

BACKGROUND:α-zearalanol, a natural phytoestrogen has the effect of anti- atherosclerosis like the estrogen but with less side effect. Therefore, it has a potential for more application in the future. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of 17β-estradiol (E2) and α-zearalanol (ZAL) on coagulation and fibrinolysis in ovariectomized rats and to compare and analyze their effects. DESIGN: An observational and controlled experiment. SETTING:Department of Pathophysiology of the Capital University of Medical Sciences and the Department of Pathophsiology of the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College. MATERIALS: The experiment was completed at the Science Department of Experiment Animals from July to September 2003. Thirty-six healthy female Wistar rats aged 12-week old , weighing (250±10)g, clean grade were involved. The animals were divided into 4 groups, namely sham-operation control group, ovariectomy (OVX) group, OVX +E2 group, OVX+ZAL group with 9 rats in each group. METHODS: For the rats in the sham-operation control group, operation was performed without removing the ovary. For the rats in the OVX group,ovariectomy was performed and the rat models were made at the sterile condition. 1 mg/kg 17β-estradiol and 1mg/kg α-zearalanol were respectively injected intramuscularly into the rats in the OVX +E2 group and OVX+ZAL group 14 days after the operation, once every three days for 35days altogether. After the administration of 17β-estradiol or α-zearalanol for 5 weeks, rats were killed, and blood was collected through the common carotid artery and plasma was collected from it. The prothrombin time (PT)and the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were determined with coagulation method. The level of fibrinogen (FG) was measured with an automatic biochemistry analyzer. Tissue factor(TF)level was determined with ELISA method, the activity of tissue plasminogen activator(t-PA)and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1)were determined with chromogenic substrate assay. At the same time, the uteri were cut off and weighed by an electronic scale to work out the uteri weight/body weight (g/kg). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① PT, APTT, FG,TF, t-PA, PAI-1; ②uteri mass/body mass RESULTS: All the 36 rats entered the stage of the result analysis. ①change of PT: it was shorter in the OVX group than that in the sham-operation control group (P ＜ 0.01 ), but it was longer than that in the OVX group after supplementation of E2 and ZAL (P ＜ 0.05-0.01 ). ② Change of FG and TF: they were significantly higher than those in the sham-operation control group (P ＜ 0.05-0.01 ). But, they were lower than those in the OVX group after supplementation of E2 and ZAL (P＜ 0.05-0.01 ). ③Change of tPA: It was significantly lower in the OVX group than that in the sham-operation control group [(0.33±0.33) μkat/L,(4.00±1.50) μkat/L,(q=9.43, P ＜ 0.01 )]. However, it was significantly higher than that in the OVX group after supplementation of E2 and ZAL [(1.83 ±0.67)μkat/L,(1.17±0.83) μkat/L, (q=13.50, P ＜ 0.01; q=5.00, P ＜ 0.05). ④ Change of PAI-1: It was significantly higher than that in the sham-operation control group [(2.33±0.67) μkat/L,(1.17±0.33) μkat/L,(q=10.5, P ＜ 0.01 )]. ⑤Uteri mass/body mass: It was significantly lower in the OYX +ZAL group than that in the OVX+ E2 group [0.66,1.96, (q=14.67, P ＜ 0.01)]. CONCLUSION: Both 17β-estradiol and α-zearalanol can resume the balance of coagulation-fibrinolysis of ovariectomized rats, suggesting that αzearalanol has a similar protective effect similar to that of 17β-estradiol on cardiovascular system. As α-zearalanol has less adverse effect on uteri enlarging than 17β-estradiol, it has a better prospect for substitution of estrogens as a natural phytoestrogen.

Objective： To investigate the modification of GABAA receptor subunits in audiogenic seizure rat cortex and hippocampus when rendered tolerant to flurazepam. Methods： Rats were administrated with flurazepam for two weeks, which resulted in tolerance to flurazepam, in the absence of behavioral signs of withdrawal. GABAA receptor subunits α1, α3, α5, γ2L and γ2S were assayed using quantitative competitive RT-PCR in rat frontparietal motor(FrPaM) and hippocampus. Results： In FrPaM, the contents of mRNA encoding for α1, α3,　γ2L and γ2S were all significantly decreased (24%,17%,35% and 45% respectively),whereas that of α5 was significantly increased (33%) compared with the control. In hippocampus, α1, γ2L, and γ2S mRNA contents were significantly decreased (33%, 35%and 27% respectively). Conclusion： The accomodated change in GABAA receptor subunits α1, α3, α5,γ2L and γ2S in FrPaM and hippocampus may be associated with the mechanism of flurazepam tolerance in audiogenic seizure rats.