Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Coal Mining ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; complications ; microbiology ; Male ; Methicillin Resistance ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; microbiology ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; isolation & purification

[ Objective] To discuss the characteristics of death among elderly people aged 60 years and above in Shanghai, who were classified into different age groups, and to provide a basis for making public health policy. [ Methods] On the basis of the data covering whole population death registry system in Shanghai, data on the elders aged 60-plus was collected and classified into 3 age groups according to WHO standards for descriptive analysis. [ Results] The crude death rate among the elders aged 60-plus in shanghai in 2014 was 3 001.76/105 ,accounting for 88.37%of the total mortality.The crude death rate of male was higher than that of female in each age group.The main causes of death in 60-74 age-group were cancer and coronary heart disease ( CHD) which had shorter course of disease with worse prognosis. The main causes of death in 75-89 age-group were cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) which had longer course.The main causes of death in 90-pluse group included functional degradation and accidental fall, apart from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and COPD.And 54.35%of the elders aged 60-plus died in hospital, while 34.12%at home,and 6.63%at nursing home.The proportion of death at home was higher in non-central urban area than in central urban area.And the proportion of death in hospital decreased with increasing age. [ Conclusion] The proportion of the elderly death was large in total mortality.As the characteristics of death varied in different age groups, government should adopt different prevention and control measures.Rational allocation of medical and rehabilitation resources, as well as terminal care, need more attention and exploration by all institutions concerned.

ObjectiveTo observe the thyroid status of pregnant women during the 1st and 2nd trimester of gestation,and its role in brain and neural development of their offspring's.MethodsFrom 2008 to 2009,pregnant women from nine townships of two counties in Wushi and Baicheng in Aksu prefecture of Xinjiang were selected as research subjects according to the survey standard.After informed consent signed,their urinary iodine,serum thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) and free thyroxin(FT4) were analyzed.The value of thyroid hormone of normal pregnant women was used in diagnosis of subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroxinemia in pregnant women.From 2010 to 2011, The brain and neural development status among offspring born by those pregnant women were evaluated with DDST.In accordance with the results of Denver Development Screen Test (DDST) screening,pregnant women were classified into survey and control groups,and the survey group was the suspicious and abnormal of the result of DDST screening(delay),the control group was normal of the result.According to gestational age,pregnant women were divided into 4 gestation groups:G1(6 to 13 weeks),G2(14 to 18 weeks),G3 ( 19 to 23 weeks) and G4(24 to 28 weeks).ResultsA total of 396 cases of pregnant women during the 1st and 2nd trimester of gestation were investigated(survey group 102 cases,control group 294 cases).The median value of urinary iodine concentration among pregnant women in survey group was 152.4 μg/L The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroxinemia among pregnant women was 10.78％(11/102) and 3.93％(4/102),respectively.In control group,the median value of urinary iodine concentration was 180.0 μg/L The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroxinemia among pregnant women was 7.48％ (22/294) and 4.42％ (13/294),respectively.During the pregnant period from G1 to G3,the median serum TSH of pregnant women in DDST survey group (2.24,3.49,2.85 mU/L) was higher than that of DDST control group( 1.59,2.70,2.28 mU/L).Especially,the difference of TSH between the two groups during the period of G3 was statistically significant (t =4.906,P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionsHypothyroidism tendency of pregnant women during the period from gestation week 19th to 23rd may be an important factor in the development of brain abnormalities of their offsprings.

Objective To investigate the effects of selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor on the hyperplasia of parathyroid glands from uremic rats. Methods Sixty-five 5/6-nephrectomized (Nx) and fifteen sham operated rats were assigned to 4 groups: (1)Sham group (n=14):shamoperated +normal phosphate diet (P 0.8％,Ca 1.2％)； (2) Nx-HP group (n=17):Nx+high phosphate(HP) diet (P 1.2％,Ca 1.2％)； (3)Prophylactic COX2 inhibition group (Prey group,n=18):Nx+HP+celecoxib 100 mg· kg-1·d-1 for 3 months； (4)Therapeutic group (Ther group,n=18):Nx+HP+celecoxib 100 mg·kg-1·d-1 starting at the second month of the 5/6 nephrectomy.At the end of 3 month,blood,urine and parathyroid samples were collected.The expressions of COX2 and PCNA were determined by immunohistochemistry,Western blotting and real-time PCR. Results All of the Nx rats fed with high phosphate diet for 3 months manifested progressively increasing serum creatinine,serum iPTH as well as augmentation of parathyroid gland volume,suggesting that secondary parathyroid hyperplasia animal model was established successfully.Celecoxib significantly decreased serum iPTH levels [Sham (34.77±0.83),Nx-HP(100.73±4.35),Prey (87.36±2.18),Ther (87.47±1.76) ng/L,P＜0.05],the size of the parathyroid glands in Nx rats [Sham (0.461±0.089),Nx-HP (2.436±0.372),Prey (0.987±0.254),Ther (1.27±0.305) mm2/kg,P＜0.05] and PCNA expression in PG determined by Western blotting (decreased to 52.91％ in Prev group and 34.68％ in Ther group respectively,P＜0.05).No significant difference was observed between the two COX2 inhibition groups.The levels of COX2 expression in parathyroid gland were greatly increased in three Nx groups compared with that in sham group (2.47-fold in Nx-HP,2.34-fold in Prey group,3.04-fold in Ther group,P＜0.05).COX2 inhibitor had no effects on COX2 expression in PGs.Real-time PCR analysis demonstrated the same trends of mRNA expression of COX2 and PCNA in PGs of rats. Conclusion Selective inhibition of COX2 may help to suppress the hyperplasia of parathyroid glands in uremic rats.

The objective of study was to evaluate the efficiency and safety of bortezomib for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Bortezomib in combination with dexamethasone was administered as first-line treatment in all 7 newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma. The patients with refractory myeloma were treated with bortezomib in combination with dexamethasone or with other traditional agents such as mitoxantrone and thalidomide. The results showed that according to the EMBT criteria, out of 7 patients one achieved complete response (CR), five achived partial response (PR) and one achived minor response (MR). The 3 patients with refractory/relapsed myeloma achieved PR (2/3) and MR (1/3). The overall response rate (CR + PR) was 80%. The most frequent adverse events observed were thrombocytopenia in three patients, diarrhea and peripheral neuropathy in one respectively. In conclusion, bortezomib demonstrates efficiency in the treatment of new-diagnosed and refractory/relapsed multiple myeloma, and the side effects from treatment are acceptable and manageable.
Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Boronic Acids ; administration & dosage ; Bortezomib ; Dexamethasone ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; drug therapy ; Protease Inhibitors ; administration & dosage ; Pyrazines ; administration & dosage

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the frequency and mutation status of IgVH gene expression in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in China.

METHODSIgVH mutation was detected by multiplex PCR and directly sequencing in 29 CLL patients. IgH somatic hypermutation and mutation site were analysed by IMGT/V-QUEST.

RESULTSOf 29 CLL patients, 21 had IgVH mutation (72%). The most frequently expressed VH gene family was found to be VH3 (55%) followed by VH4 (38%), VH2 (3.5%) and VH7 (3.5%), with no expression of VH1, VH5 and VH6.

CONCLUSIONSThe expression frequency of IgVH gene families in Chinese CLL patients is significantly different from that in Western CLL patients, suggesting the involvement of ethnic and/or environmental factors in CLL development, which might partly explain the different incidence of CLL between China and Western countries.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains ; genetics ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region ; genetics ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation

OBJECTIVETo investigate CLLU1 expression and its relationship with clinical stage, expression of CD38 and ZAP-70, and chromosome abnormalities in patients with chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL).

METHODSFifty CLL patients were studied. Semiquantitative RT-PCR was performed to detect CLLU1 expression levels; three-color flow cytometry to detect the ZAP-70 and CD38 expression, interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to detect chromosomal aberrations.

RESULTSThe expression of CLLU1 mRNA was detected in 26 of the 50 cases (52%), of them 7 cases (26.92%) in Binet A and 19 (73. 08%) in Binet B + C. The expression levels of CLLU1 were significantly higher in Binet stage B + C than in Binet stage A (P < 0. 01). Among 24 CD38+ CLL cases, 17 (70. 83%) expressed high CLLU1 mRNA, whereas in 26 CD38- CLL patients only 9 (34.62%) were CLLU1 positive. The expression of CLLU1 in CD38+ CLL was significantly higher than that in CD38- CLL (P < 0.05). However, no significant difference of CLLU1 expression was found between ZAP-70+ and ZAP-70- patients (P > 0. 05), and between chromosomal aberrations (P > 0. 05).

CONCLUSIONSCLLU1 expression was significantly associated with clinical stage and CD38 expression, and might be an important prognostic factor in CLL patients.

ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 ; metabolism ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the effectivity and safety of single high-dose (HD) etoposide (Vp16) with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for mobilization of autologous peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) in patients with hematologic malignancies.

METHODS80 patients of hematologic malignancies including 20 patients with acute leukemia (AL), 23 with multiple myeloma (MM), 35 with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and 2 with Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) received Vp16 (1.6 g/m(2)) continuous intravenous infusion for 10 hrs on day 1. G-CSF at 10 µg/kg once daily subcutaneous injection began to use on day of ANC lower than 1×10(9)/L and continued until PBSC collection was completed. Autologous PBSC (APBSC) was collected on day of WBC greater than 5×10(9)/L and continuing until the collection goal was met (target value: MNC ≥ 6.0×10(8)/kg and CD34(+) ≥ 2.0×10(6)/kg). The patients received APBSC after conditioning regimen. The number of the cells collection, time of hematopoietic reconstruction, adverse effect and so on were observed during the course of stem cell mobilization and collection.

RESULTSPBSC was collected on day 11 (range: 7 - 25 days) of after Vp16 administration with a median collection time of 2 (range 1 - 5). 3/80 patients with AML got stem cell mobilization failure. 5 of 6 patients who failed to mobilize before got successful stem cell mobilization, 1/6 patient with AML-M(5) got a second failure after the mobilization of VP16 whose first time's mobilization using Ara-C did not succeed. The median number of CD34(+) cells collected in 77 patients who got successful mobilization was 4×10(6)/kg \[range (1.59 - 24.68)×10(6)/kg\]. The collection of 20 patients with AL and 23 with MM were got detection for minimal residual disease, no pollution of tumor cells were happened. All patients could tolerate the whole course of stem cell mobilization. 29/80 (36.25%) patients got a 4 grade leucopenia, 19/80 (23.75%) patients got infection.

CONCLUSIONSingle high-dose etoposide with G-CSF for mobilization of APBSC has a higher achievement ratio, a controllable adverse effect, a promising hematopoiesis recovery, which is an effective and safe mobilizing regimen for patients with hematologic malignancies.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Etoposide ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; therapeutic use ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDThe association between IGF2BP2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been repeatedly confirmed among different ethnic populations. However, in several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) from the Chinese Han population, the gene IGF2BP2 has not been replicated. The results of relevant studies for the association between IGF2BP2 and T2DM showed controversy in Chinese Han population. It is necessary to systematically evaluate the contribution of common variants in IGF2BP2 to T2DM in Chinese Han population.

METHODSTwo single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs, rs4402960 and rs1470579) in IGF2BP2 were genotyped in Chinese Han population (3807 controls/4531 T2DM cases) by Illumina GoldenGate Indexing assay. The association between SNPs and T2DM was evaluated by multiple Logistic Regression analysis. A meta-analysis was used to estimate the effects of IGF2BP2 in 20854 Chinese Han individuals.

RESULTSrs1470579 and rs4402960 were confirmed to have strong association with T2DM in the Chinese Han population (rs1470579 P = 1.80×10(-7), OR (95% CI) = 1.22 (1.14-1.32), rs4402960 P = 7.46×10(-9), OR (95% CI) = 1.26 (1.17-1.37), respectively). Moreover, 11 studies for rs4402960 were included in the meta-analysis and 7 studies for rs1470579. The meta-analysis also showed the association between T2DM and IGF2BP2 (rs1470579 OR of 1.15 (95% CI = 1.10-1.19), P < 0.0001 under an additive model and rs4402960 OR of 1.14 (95% CI = 1.10-1.18), P < 0.0001 under an additive model).

CONCLUSIONIGF2BP2 was strongly associated with the risk of T2DM in Chinese Han population.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Genotype ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; genetics ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the value of multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in the detection of complex karyotypic abnormalities of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

METHODSMultiplex FISH was used in combination with conventional cytogenetics (CC) and interphase FISH to study 14 cases of AML with complex karyotypic abnormalities.

RESULTSIn the 14 cases of AML studied, conventional cytogenetics detected 23 numerical and 56 structural chromosome abnormalities. Among them 4 gained whole chromosome and 4 lost whole chromosome which were confirmed by multiplex FISH. Twelve chromosome losses detected by CC were revised as derivative chromosomes resulted from various structural aberrations, and 26 derivative and 19 marker chromosomes were characterized precisely by multiplex FISH. Most of them were resulted from unbalanced translocations, including 2 complex 8; 21 translocations, which have not been reported previously: t (8; 21), der (8) t (8; 21) (8pter --> 8q22::21q22 --> 21qter), der (21) t (8; 21; 8) (8qter --> 8q22:: 21p13 --> 21q22::8q22 --> 8qter) and t (21; 8; 18; 1), der (8) t (8; 21) (8pter --> 8q22:: 21q22 --> 21qter), der (21) t (21; 8; 18; 1) (21p13 --> 21q22?::8q22 --> 8q24 ?:: 18??::1q??q??). The complex karyotypic abnormalities involved nearly all chromosomes, of which the chromosomes 17, 7 and 5 were more involved than the rest.

CONCLUSIONMultiplex FISH in combination with conventional cytogenetics may characterize the complex chromosomal abnormalities more precisely. Introduction of this technique to the study of AML with complex chromosomal abnormalities is warranted.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spectral Karyotyping ; methods ; Translocation, Genetic ; Young Adult