Acute Kidney Injury ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Biomarkers ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; diagnosis

Colloidal lanthanum as a marker exists in extracellular space and does not crossthe intact plasma membrane in normal condition.Consequently,it may be used todemonstrate the change of plasma membrane permeability at cellular level.Theabdominal aorta was constricted in 33 rats for 10 days,so as to establish a modelof myocardial hypertrophy.The outer and inner layers of left ventricle wall of theheart were removed and fixed immediately in 2% glutaraldehyde and 0.1 M cacody-late buffer(pH 7.4)containing 1% La(NO_3)_3 for 3 hours.In normal control tissuethe lanthanum tracer was confined to the extracellular space,basement membraneand intercalated disc.In inner layer of left ventricular wall of the experimental group,the lanthanum was deposited on the outer membrane of the mitochondria.In somemyocytes of the outer layer of left ventricular wall,their structure appearedmorphologically normal,but intracellular lanthanum appeared.Thus lanthanum canbe used as a sensitive indicator of membrane permeability in early stage of themyocardial hypertrophy.

Objective To establish a novel real-time PCR method to detect HCV RNA using Selfreporting duplex mutation primers.Methods The recombinant vector pMD18-T-HCV 5′-NCR was used as the calibrator.The Self-reporting duplex mutation primers were designed according to the gene sequence.And then the PCR reaction system was optimized and evaluated.The specificity,sensitivity and reproducibility of real-time PCR were estimated,The serum specimens from 90 cases(30 cases of HCV,30 cases of other viral hepatitis and 30 healthy volunteers) were tested with this real-time PCR; Results were compared with those obtained using a commercial TaqMan kit.Results The assay was established.It showed linearity over a wide range from 20 - 109 IU/ml.Intra-experimental coefficients of variation(CVs) were 1.37% -4.59%,and inter-experimental CVs were 1.58% -4.81%,respectively.There was no significant difference of HCV genome number tested by the two methods(R2 = 0.95) in 30 hepatitis C patients; HCV DNA was not detected in any serum samples of 30 healthy volunteers by the two methods.The specificity was 100%(60/60).All the samples in patients with clinically confirmed HCV infections showed HCV RNA positive.There wass good correlation between the quantitaive results and results obtained using the commercial TaqMan kit.Conclusions It is demonstrated that real-time PCR is a reliable,accurate and feasible assay for HCV.The establishment of this assay provided alternative technology for clinical diagnosis or therapeutic drug monitoring in the field of HCV infection and epidemiologic survey.

Objective To study the effect of myocardial infarction induced by distal left ascending artery occlusion on left ventrieular(LV) synchronism. Methods Routine echocardiography and vector velocity imaging were performed within 2 hours before and 7-14 days after myocardial infarction by occluding distal left ascending coronary arteries in experimental pigs. Routine eehocardiographie parameters of LV, including end diastolic and systolic diameters, volumes, and spherical indexes were measured or calculated. Six segmental peak systolic velocity, strain and strain rate were compared between pre- and post-myocardial infarction. Results After myocardial infarction, LV end diastolic, end systolic long diameter and end systolic volume increased with decreased ejection fraction. With the 6 segmental systolic velocity, strain and strain rate significantly reduced,the mean 6-segmental time to peak strain rate delayed significantly. Conclusions Abnormal synchronism after myocardial infarction may aggravate LV systolic dysfunction.

OBJECTIVE:To regulate the management of operation drug and promote medication security. METHODS:Based on the relevant principles in the standard of JCI,the practice about establishment of operation pharmacy in our hospital was intro-duced,and it were stated from two aspects which included working mode and effects. RESULTS:The working mode were format-ed by definiting the duties and working flow of pharmacist,anesthetist and liaison man. The establishment of operation pharmacy, which brought operation drugs into the unified management system of our hospital,saved manpower and improved work efficien-cy,refined the management of drugs in all aspects,improved the management of drug safety level,strengthened drug expiration date management,implemented the reporting of adverse drug reactions(event)and collecting of medication(potential)errors. The established mode conformed to the relative standard of JCI including preparation,grant,storage and collection of ADR of drug. CONCLUSIONS:The established drug management of operation pharmacy promotes standardized administration of surgery drug, which guarantees the drug use safety of patients.

BACKGROUND:Titanium mesh is a new type of bone graft supports used for the treatment of spine, especial y the cervical spine disorders at home and abroad in recent years. But, at present, how to improve the cervical lordosis curvature during anterior surgery is the difficulty for the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of straight titanium mesh and individual designed titanium mesh used in the bone graft fusion and internal fixation on the recovery of cervical curvature and Japanese Orthopaedic Association score during anterior cervical subtotal vertebrectomy in the patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy.
METHODS:Forty-three patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy treated with surgical indications of subtotal vertebrectomy and decompression internal fixation were included, and the patients were divided into two groups according to different internal fixation methods. There were 15 cases in the individual designed titanium mesh group and 28 cases in the straight titanium mesh group. The preoperative anteroposterior X-ray films of the cervical spine of al the patients were as the blank control group. The clinical data of the patients in two groups were retrospectively analyzed, and the postoperative Japanese Orthopaedic Association score, cervical curvature, intervertebral angles and intervertebral height were compared.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The cervical lordosis angle and the intervertebral angle of surgery segment in the individual designed titanium mesh group were improved when compared with those in the straight titanium mesh group and the blank control group (P<0.01), and the straight titanium mesh group was better than the blank control group (P<0.05). The intervertebral height of surgery segment in the individual designed titanium mesh group and the straight titanium mesh group was increased for 3.69 mm and 3.22 mm respectively when compared with that in the blank control group, and there was significant difference between individual designed titanium mesh group and the straight titanium mesh group (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in Japanese Orthopaedic Association score between individual designed titanium mesh group and the straight titanium mesh group (P>0.05). During subtotal vertebrectomy for the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy, cutting titanium mesh into trapezoidal shape to simulate the normal disc shape of former high to low can effectively restore the physiological curvature of cervical spine and the intervertebral height of surgery segment.

Objective To investigate the gene expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and ultrastructural changes in cultured endothelial cells from human cerebral microvessels under hypoxic conditions.Methods Human cerebral microvessels were isolated from freshly obtained specimens of normal brain adherent to resected cerebral arteriovenous malformations.The expression of factor Ⅷ-relative antigen(FⅧ-RA) in cultured cells was observed with immunocytochemistry.The level of VEGFmRNA in cells and released VEGF protein in cell supernatant were determined by RT-PCR analysis and ELISA respectively when they were exposed to hypoxic conditions(95% N_2,5% CO_2;two hours,four hours,eight hours) or maintained in basal condition.Ultrastructural changes in cells were also observed by electron microscopy.Results In inverted microscope the cultured cells showed contact inhibition and a rounded cobblestone appearance.More than 90% of them were stained strongly with antibodies against FⅧ-RA.Significant VEGF mRNA and protein accumulated when these cells were exposed to hypoxia for 4 hours.However,their VEGF expression was down-regulated after hypoxia for 8 hours and a number of vesicles and swollen mitochondria were present in the cytoplasm.Conclusion The level of VEGF expression may havesignificant relationship with ultrastructural changes in human cerebral endothelial cells under hypoxic conditions.

Animals ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Cadmium Poisoning ; blood ; metabolism ; pathology ; urine ; Disease Models, Animal ; Kidney ; drug effects ; pathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

To construct a secretory-expression vector of antimicrobial peptide Bactenecin 7(Bac7),and identify the secretory-expression product in L.lactis MG1363 and its bioactivity.The splicing primers of regulation elements and Bac7 gene,which designed according to codon usage preferences of L.lactis MG1363,were chemically synthesized,and the overlap-extension PCR method was used to splice the full length of Bac7 gene.Then the Bac7 gene was linked to expression vector pMG36e to construct pMG36e/Bac7 vector,and pMG36e/Bac7 was transformed into L.lactis MG1363 by electrophoration.RT-PCR and Western blot assays were applied to investigate the expression of the Bac7 gene in L.lactis,and bioactivity of Bac7 in culture supernatant of L.lactis was tested with plate-diffusion method.The results showed that the Bac7 gene and its regulation elements was amplified and cloned in the vector pMG36e successfully,The secretory-expressed Bac7 in L.lactis MG1363 harboring pMG36e/Bac7 was identified by Western blot,and it had high bacteriostatic activity against E.coli.These results indicate that the recombinant L.lactis MG1363 could express bioactive Bac7,which lays a foundation for further study of oral administration of a Bac7-secreting L.lactis to treat intestinal bacteria infection.

Objective To determine the incidence and risk factors of iatrogenic retinal breaks in eyes undergoing pars plana vit- rectomy for idiopathic macular pucker.Design Retrospective case series.Participant 88 consecutive vitrectomies performed on eyes with idiopathic macular pucker.Method Consecutive vitrectomies performed on eyes with idiopathic macular pucker at Beijing Tongren Eye Center between 2002 and 2006 were retrospectively reviewed.Cases with iatrogenic retinal breaks were recorded and analyzed. Main Outcome Measure Number and location of retinal breaks,and anatomic outcome after surgical managements.Result A total of 88 consecutive vitrectomies were included in the study.Of the 88 eyes,8 eyes had 14 iatrogenic retinal breaks detected,with an aver- age incidence of 9.1%.Peripheral retinal breaks(8.0%)were more common than posterior retinal breaks(1.1%).All peripheral retinal breaks occurred around the selerotomy sites(100%)and the quadrant of predominant hand was involved most commonly(62%).Most of the breaks(88%)were detected during the surgery.All eyes with iatrogenic retinal breaks obtained anatomic retinal reattachment (100%).Conclusion Despite improvements in instrumentation and surgical techniques,iatrogenic retinal break continues to be an im- portant complication of pars plana vitrectomy in eyes with idiopathic macular pucker.This complication tends to occur more commonly at peripheral retina and is mainly selerotomy-related.