Objective To explore the differences and development of executive function(EF) between cerebral palsy(CP) children and normal children. Methods Forty-eight 4 ～6 years old CP children and fiftyeight normal children were tested by "cool" and "hot" EFs. Results There were significant differences between "cool" EF of CP children(18.34±14.31) and normal children(6.94 ±3. 18) ( t = 3. 83, P<0.01 ) ;and there were significant differences between "hot" EF of CP children(279.67 ±330. 18) and normal children(709.31 ± 304. 13)( t = -4.93, P< 0.01). There were significant age differences on the "cool" EF ( F=8.689, P< 0.01) and "hot" EF ( F=3. 833, P<0.05) of CP children. There were significant age differences on the "cool" EF ( F= 15.469, P<0.01) and on the "hot" EF ( F=8.470, P<0.01) of normal children. There was negative correlation between "cool" EFs and "hot" EFs( r= -0.440, P<0.01). Conclusion "Cool" and "hot" EFs of CP children are lower than those of normal children. "Cool" and "hot" EFs can develop from 4 to 6 years old,but the development of EFs are not absolutely consistent between CP children and normal children. There is correlation between "cool" and "hot" EFs in patients with CP,but not dissociation.

Objective To explore the expressions of Survivin and VEGF and relationship between them in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods The expressions of Survivin protein and VEGF protein in 50 HCC.30 cirrhosis and 10 normal tissues were assessed by immunohistochemical method.The expressions of Survivin mRNA and VEGF mRNA in 50 HCC,30 cirrhosis and 10 normal tissues were assessed by in situ hybridization.Results The expressions of Survivin and VEGF in cancer tissues,cirrhosis tissues,normal tissues weresignificantly different. The expression of Survivin in HCC tissues was stronger than that in cirrhosis,but the expreesion of VEGF in cirrho- sis was stronger than that in HCC tissues.Conclusion The expression of survivin.is closely associated with the ex- pression of VEGF in HCC and they take positive correlation.The abnormal expressions of Survivin and VEGF are closely associated with the development of HCC.They may play important roles in the development of HCC.

In this paper, based on the special influence of supramolecular chemistry on the basic theory of Chinese medicines ( CM) , the authors further analyzed the history of meridian tropism and natural origins of CM organisms and explained CM ingredients and the universal regularity of the automatic action of the supramolecular "imprinting templates" hole channel structure. After entering human bodies, CMs, as the aggregation of supramolecular "imprinting templates" , automatically seek supramolecular subjects that are matched with their "imprinting templates" in human meridians and organs for the purpose of self-recognition, self-organization, self-assembly and self-replication, so as to generate specific efficacy in meridians and organs, which is reflected as the meridian tropism phenomena at macro level. This regularity can be studied by in vitro and in vivo experimental studies. In vitro methods are mostly supra molecular structure analysis and kinetic and thermodynamic parameter calculation; Whereas in vivo methods are dominated by the analysis on object component distribution, chromatopharmacodynamic parameters and network chromatopharmacodynamic parameters; Particularly, the acupoint-medicine method can simplify to study the supramolecular subject-object relations. Consequently, CM's'meridian tropism reveals the universal regularity for interactions of macromolecular and micromolecular "imprinting templates" of subjects and objects in natural organisms. As the first barrier for the material base of the CM theory and breakthrough in the modernization of the basic CM theory, meridian tropism plays an important role in studies on basic theories of the basic CM theory.
Acupuncture Points ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Meridians

Background Surgery is regarded as the most effective treatment to relieve pain and reduce complications in chronic pancreatitis (CP).Two major strategies exist:duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection (DPPHR) and pancreatoduodenectomy (PD).Many studies suggest that DPPHR offers advantages during surgery and in the short-term; however,the long-term effects have not been thoroughly investigated.We analyzed the long-term outcomes of DPPHR and PD,over follow-up times of at least 1 year,to determine the optimal surgical treatment for CP.Methods We systemically reviewed all CP surgical treatment reports,and only included randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing DPPHR and PD,excluding unqualified studies using several pre-specified criteria.When multiple publications of a single trial were found,the most comprehensive current data were selected.Characteristics of the study populations and long-term postoperative outcome parameters were collected.The quality of the studies and data was analyzed using RevMan 4.2 software.Results Five trials were qualified for meta-analysis,with 261 participants in total (114 in the DPPHR group and 147 in the PD group).There were no significant differences in the age,gender,or indications for surgery of each group.At the mean of 5.7-year (1-14 years) follow-up examination,DPPHR and PD resulted in equally effective pain relief,exocrine and endocrine function,and similar mortality rates (P ＞0.05); however,DPPHR patients had improved global quality of life and weight gain,and reduced diarrhea and fatigue (P ＜0.05).Conclusion DPPHR and PD result in equal pain relief,mortality,and pancreatic function; however,DPPHR provides superior long-term outcomes.

OBJECTIVETo observe effect of acupuncture at Sifeng (EX-UE 10) on serum leptin level in the child of anorexia, so as to reveal relation between changes of blood leptin level and anorexia of child.

METHODSForty-two cases were randomly divided into 3 groups. The treatment group A (n = 15) were treated with acupuncture at Sifeng (EX-UE 10), once each week, 3 consecutive sessions constituting one course; the treatment group B (n = 15) were treated with acupuncture at Sifeng (EX-UE 10), once two weeks, 3 consecutive sessions constituting one course; the medication group (n = 12) were treated with oral administration of Lactein tablets, 1 - 2 tablets each time, 3 times each day, 4 weeks constituting one course.

RESULTSThe effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group A and 93.3% in the treatment group B, which were higher than that in the medication group, with a very significant differences (P < 0.01); after treatment, the serum leptin levels in the 3 groups had very significant changes (P < 0.01); the improvement of serum leptin levels in the treatment group A and B were better than that in the medication group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture at Sifeng (EX-UE 10) can promote secretion of serum leptin in the child of anorexia, and improve anorexia.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Anorexia ; blood ; therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Leptin ; blood ; Male

OBJECTSTo investigate the distribution of vitamin D receptor (VDR) genotypes among the Hans of a lead contaminated mine in Shanxi and explore the relationship between blood lead levels and the genetic polymorphism of VDR gene.

METHODSVDR genotypes were determined by polymerase-chain-reaction and restrictive fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and the blood lead level was measured by using the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry in a population of 120 pre-school children aged 5 - 6 years who were from the mine kindergarten and were unrelated Hans. An environmental questionnaire in relation to blood lead level was filled for each subject.

RESULTS(1) The gene distribution of the VDR phenotypes in these children was VDRBB, 1.7%; VDRBb, 9.2%; VDRbb, 89.2%. (2) The mean blood lead level of the children who had VDR B allele [(0.910 8 +/- 0.265 0) micromol/L] was significantly higher than that whose VDR genotype was bb [(0.740 1 +/- 0.270 1) micromol/L (mean +/- standard deviation)] (t = 2.155, P < 0.05). (3) Many factors were found to affect the blood lead levels, such as the VDR genotype, the type of fuel, educational level of mothers and so on. After controlling the possible confounding variables by multiple regression, the contribution of the VDR phenotype to the blood lead levels was still statistically significant.

CONCLUSIONThese results indicated that the frequency distribution of the VDR genotype in these children was apparently different from that in Caucasians who had high frequencies of VDR B. The results also indicated that the individuals carrying the VDR B allele were more susceptible to lead poisoning.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Lead ; blood ; Lead Poisoning ; genetics ; Multivariate Analysis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Receptors, Calcitriol ; genetics ; Regression Analysis ; Surveys and Questionnaires

A growing number of children and adolescents are being diagnosed as Chiari malformation type Ⅰ (CM-Ⅰ) for behavioral disorders,developmental delay,seizures,or abnormal orpharyngeal function.The aim of this study was to compare the clinical characteristics,imaging findings and surgical outcomes of CM-Ⅰ in pediatric and adult patients.Between January 2014 and June 2017,84 patients with CM-Ⅰ underwent surgical treatment in our department.We divided the patients into two groups:pediatric group (n=1 1,age ＜18 years)and adult group (n=73,age ≥18 years).Data on clinical characteristics,imaging findings,surgical outcomes,and prognosis were retrospectively reviewed and compared between these two groups.For clinical presentation,scoliosis (36.4％) and developmental delay (36.4％) were more common in pediatric patients,whereas,sensory disturbance (58.9％) and motor weakness (41.1％) were more common in adult patients.Imaging findings showed that the incidence of hydrocephalus and craniovertebral junctional abnormalities was significantly higher in pediatric group than in adult group (P＜0.05).Compared to adult group,pediatric group showed a better improvement or resolution of syrinx and tonsillar herniation after surgical treatments (P＜0.05).The total Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale (CCOS) score in pediatric patients at the last follow-up was significantly higher than that in adult patients (P=0.002).In conclusion,the clinical characteristics and imaging findings appeared to be different in pediatric and adult patients with CM-Ⅰ.The surgical outcomes of pediatric patients were shown to be significantly better than those of adult patients.

Objective To investigate the function characteristics of CD4 T cell converted double negative T cell and provide a basis for further insight into the characteristics of mouse converted double negative T cell.Methods The gene expression profile was analyzed by transcriptome sequencing and protein mass spectrometry.The expression of cell active marker CD44,CD69 and OX40 was investigated by flow cytometry and the cytotoxicity of mouse double negative T cell was verified by CFSE staining.Results Mouse CD4 T cell converted double negative T cell expressed cell phenotype that differed from other mature CI4 T cells.Mouse converted double negative T cell expressed high level of active marker of CD44,CD69 and OX40.Cytotoxicity of PrfO DN T was significantly reduced.Conclusions Mouse CD4 T cell converted double negative T cell has distinguishing cell phenotypes,that are not identical to other mature CD4 T cells.Mouse double negative T cell overexpresses cell activation marker and cytotoxic cytokines.The immune suppressive function of mouse double negative T cell is mainly dependent on perforin pathway.

BACKGROUNDSurgery is regarded as the most effective treatment to relieve pain and reduce complications in chronic pancreatitis (CP). Two major strategies exist: duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection (DPPHR) and pancreatoduodenectomy (PD). Many studies suggest that DPPHR offers advantages during surgery and in the short-term; however, the long-term effects have not been thoroughly investigated. We analyzed the long-term outcomes of DPPHR and PD, over follow-up times of at least 1 year, to determine the optimal surgical treatment for CP.

METHODSWe systemically reviewed all CP surgical treatment reports, and only included randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing DPPHR and PD, excluding unqualified studies using several pre-specified criteria. When multiple publications of a single trial were found, the most comprehensive current data were selected. Characteristics of the study populations and long-term postoperative outcome parameters were collected. The quality of the studies and data was analyzed using RevMan 4.2 software.

RESULTSFive trials were qualified for meta-analysis, with 261 participants in total (114 in the DPPHR group and 147 in the PD group). There were no significant differences in the age, gender, or indications for surgery of each group. At the mean of 5.7-year (1 - 14 years) follow-up examination, DPPHR and PD resulted in equally effective pain relief, exocrine and endocrine function, and similar mortality rates (P > 0.05); however, DPPHR patients had improved global quality of life and weight gain, and reduced diarrhea and fatigue (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONDPPHR and PD result in equal pain relief, mortality, and pancreatic function; however, DPPHR provides superior long-term outcomes.

Duodenum ; surgery ; Humans ; Pancreatectomy ; methods ; Pancreaticoduodenectomy ; methods ; Pancreatitis, Chronic ; psychology ; surgery ; Quality of Life ; Time Factors

The paper, based on the previous publication as special impact of Chinese medicine theories on supramolcular chemistry, aims to analyze the natural origination for the Chinese medicine and to explain the special impact of "Qi chromatography" reaction on "imprinting templates" in supramolcular host of human being with Chinese medicine, in order to reveal the CM's properties of "medical element" with "imprinting templates" autonomisation generally took place in natural supramolecules, and also to discover that the CM's pharmacology are satisfied with its own approaches different form western pharmacology. It was decided, for CM's pharmacology guided by CM's theories, to "Qi chromatography" relations between the CM's ingredient groups and the meridian zang-fu viscera. The supramolcular chemistry played an all-through role in procession of making macro-regularities and special presentation on behavior of "Qi chromatography" impulse owning to the matching action of all kinds of ingredients on the meridian zang-fu viscera with similar "imprinting templates". The CM's pharmacology were guided by CM's theories, owing to its interpretation of supramolecular chemistry. The pharmacology was achieved to construct up completely on base of classical chemical single molecular bonds whereas the CM's pharmacology be configured to big building by way of "imprinting templates" as multi-weak bonds among "supramolecular society". CM's pharmacology was supramolcular pharmacology dealt with "molecular society" on the base of western pharmacology, and employed to double research approaches both math-physical quantitative representation on macroscope and qualitative analyses in microscope.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Meridians ; Molecular Imprinting ; Qi