Objective To investigate the value for the level mensuration of von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag) in stroke risk assessment in the patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF).Methods 180 non-valvular AF patients were selected from the Tianjin medical university general hospital from the 2009 to 2011 for retrospective cohort study,112 males and 68 females in the group,age 61-87 years.Using the IL ACL-9000 blood coagulation instrument assay the level of vWF:Ag.Using ROC curve to analyze the diagnosis performance of vWF:Ag,using Cox regression analysis model to evaluate the of vWF:Ag effect on prognosis,using x2 test to analyze the relevance between vWF:Ag and clinical pathological factors.Compared the patients group with CHADS2 score with the patients group with CHA2DS2VASc score date using t test.Results vWF:Ag levels were control group (112 ± 34)％,paroxysmal AF group (119 ±31)％,the persistent AF group (179 ± 47)％,permanent AF group (217 ± 56)％,atrial fibrillation associated with stroke group (235 ± 104)％ respectively.There was no difference between the paroxysmal AF group and control group (q =1.75,P ＞ 0.05) ; vWF:Ag level was higher in persistent atrial fibrillation group than in paroxysmal AF group (q =10.10,P ＜ 0.01); permanent atrial fibrillation group was higher than that of the persistent AF group (q =5.21,P ＜ 0.01).The optimum cut-off point with vWF:Ag for stroke diagnosis was 188.5％,the area under ROC curve =O.843 (95％ confidence interval:0.785-0.901).In Cox regression multianalysis,the vWF:Ag (HR =0.405; 95％ CI =0.268-0.716; P =0.026),the congestive heart failure(HR =2.901 ; 95％ CI =1.837-3.951 ; P =0.001),stroke/transienl ischemic attack (HR =4.665 ; 95 ％ CI =2.837-7.291 ; P =0.000),age (HR =0.474 ; 95 ％ CI =0.211-0.765; P =0.039),the Cox analysis showed that vWF:Ag was the independent prognosis factor for stroke in AF patients.Inx2 analysis,there was the relationship between the level of the vWF:Ag and the congestive heart failure/LVdysfunction (x2 =8.227,P ＜ 0.01),hypertension (x2 =3.305,P ＜ 0.05),age (x2 =7.581,P ＜ 0.01),diabetes mellitus (x2 =6.730,P ＜ 0.01),stroke/ transient ischemic attack/thromboembolism (x2 =4.825,P ＜ 0.05),vascular disease (x2 =4.126,P ＜ 0.05).Compared the subjects with CHADS2 (score =1) with the CHA2DS2VASc(score =1),the level of the vWF:Ag was higher in patients with CHADS2 score =1 (t =4.283,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion There was relationship between the level of vWF:Ag and main pathologic factors in patients with AF,and changed with the condition,high vWF:Ag level was an independent predictor of stroke risk,and had superior reference value for in assessment of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ; genetics ; Animals ; Biological Transport, Active ; Bipolar Disorder ; genetics ; Glucose Transporter Type 4 ; metabolism ; Hepacivirus ; physiology ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Point Mutation ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; R-SNARE Proteins ; metabolism ; Tissue Distribution ; Transport Vesicles ; physiology ; Vesicular Transport Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiology ; Virus Replication

Objective To investigate the interference effects of orexin A on cell proliferation of the insulin?secreting beta?cell line(INS?1 cells) through the orexin receptor 1(OX1R)and the AKT/PKB signaling pathway. Methods INS?1 cells were exposed to different concentrations of orexin A in vitro,and treated with OX1R antagonist(SB334867),PI3K antagonist(wortmannin),or AKT antagonist(PF?04691502). The INS?1 cell proliferation and apoptosis,insulin secretion,OX1R protein activity and AKT phosphorylation level were determined. Results Orexin A(10-10 to 10-6 mol/L)stimulated the proliferation and activation of INS?1 cells,prevented apoptpsis,and increased insulin secretion. Additionally,AKT phosphorylation was stimulated by orexin A(10-10 to 10-6 mol/L). The OX1R antagonist SB334867(10-6 mol/L),the PI3K antagonist wortmannin (10-8 mol/L)and the AKT antagonist PF?04691502(10-6 mol/L)weakened the effects of orexin A. Conclusion Orexin A activated the AKT sig?naling pathway through the mediation of orexin A?OX1R,and promoted cell proliferation in INS?1 cells.

Objective To systematically evaluate the effects of glucagon?like peptide?1(GLP?1)analogues exenatide and liraglutide on body weight in patients with type 2 diabetics mellitus. Methods Such databases as PubMed,Embase,CNKI and CMFD(1987?2014)were searched for randomized controlled trials. The meta?analysis was performed on the extracted related data using the software STATA 11. Results Totally 31 RCTs (7 036 patients)were included. The meta?analysis on body weight in these patients showed the following findings:compared to controls,liraglutide (1.8 mg)effectively decreased body weight(WMD=-0.45,95%CI:-0.59,-0.31);compared to positive controls,liraglutide(1.2 mg and 1.8 mg) also effectively decreased body weight(WMD=-0.91. 95%CI:-1.07,-0.75;WMD=-0.78,95%CI:-1.02,-0.54). Compared to controls,exena?tide(5μg and 10μg)effectively decreased body weight(WMD=-0.36,95%CI:-0.64,-0.09;WMD=-0.99,95%CI:-1.27,-0.72);compared to positive controls,exenatide(10μg)also effectively decreased body weight(WMD=-1.14,95%CI:-1.46,-0.82). Conclusion As novel intes?tinal pancreatotropic hormone analogues,exenatide and liraglutide can effectively reduce body weight,providing new alternatives of hypoglycemic agents for patients with type 2 diabetics mellitus.

Objective In order to study the value of drug treatment for leukemia, quercetin was delivered to the cultured NB4 cell line. MethodsUsing RT- PCR and western blot, we studied the expression of mutant p53 gene and protein after inducing 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120h by the quercetin with different concentrations (30, 60, 90μmol/L). Results We verified the results that quercetin with concentration of 30 ～90μmol/L could successfully inhibit the expression of mutant p53 protein, but the mutant p53 gene did not have. ConclusionThat data suggested that quercetin would be an effective method for the therapy of leukemia.

Clostridium difficile is a gram-positive,anaerobic spore-forming bacillus commonly found in the environment and human gut.Excessive use of antibiotics,immunosuppressive agents and chemotherapy drugs may lead to overgrowth of the toxic strain of Clostridium difficile with high resistance,which are supposed to be the major contributing factors leading to Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea(CDAD).The globally increasing incidence of CDAD,especially the outbreak of nosocomial infection caused by the hypervirulent strain in North America,arouse worldwide attention.For providing new ideas to the early diagnosis and treatment of CDAD,this review summarize the latest development on pathogenesis and rapid laboratory diagnosis of Clostridium difficile.

Inflammation is a defensive reaction and the most common pathological manifestation of dry eye.In addition,excessive inflammatory response is considered to be the most common pathogenic factor and main cause of dry eye.Currently,the active mechanism of anti-inflammatory drugs has been well-known,and topical antiinflammatory therapy for dry eye is exerting a role at certain extend.However,some adverse responses of these drugs are emerging during the treating procedure.Therefore,it is emphasized that a large sample size of and multicenter randomized-controlled clinical trial is needed to identify the different effects of various anti-inflammatory drugs for different types of dry eye diseases,which will offer a basis for standardized anti-inflammatory treatment for dry eye.

OBJECTIVE:To screen the optimal technology of dog testes and penis processed with talcum powder,and to pro-vide reference for the formulation of quality control standard. METHODS:Taking the comprehensive score of crushing rate and the content of alcohol soluble extract as evaluation indexes,L9(34) orthogonal test was used to optimize processing temperature,pro-cessing time and the amount of talcum powder;validation test was conducted. According to related method in Chinese Pharmaco-poeia(2015 edition),the contents of moisture,ash,nitrogen and alcohol soluble extract were determined,and automatic amino ac-id analyzer was used to determine the content of amino acids in samples. RESULTS:The optimal processing technology were that 100 kg dog testes and penis should add into 40 kg talcum powder;the processing temperature was 350-380 ℃;processing lasted for 4 min. Results of verification test showed that the average crushing rate and the content of alcohol soluble extract were 80.2%(RSD=0.95%,n=3)and 15.7%(RSD=2.30%,n=3). In processed dog testes and penis,the contents of moisture,ash,nitro-gen and alcohol soluble extract were 5.7%,18.7%,8.3%,15.7%,respectively. Besides,there still were 16 kinds of amino ac-ids,and their total content was 42.44%. CONCLUSIONS:The optimized talcum powder processing technology of dog testes and penis is stable and practical. The content of moisture,ash,nitrogen,alcohol soluble extract and amino acid can be used as impor-tant quality standard control indexes for processed dog testes and penis.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of combining two needling manipulations, Er Long Xi Zhu (two dragons playing with a pearl) and Guo Yan Re (heat produced to reach the eyes), in treating dry eye syndrome (DES) of lung-yin deficiency pattern. Methods: Fifty-six eligible DES patients of lung-yin deficiency were randomized into an observation group and a control group, with 28 cases in each group. Same acupoints were selected in the two groups: Cuanzhu (BL 2), Sizhukong (TE 23), Taiyang (EX-HN 5) and Fengchi (GB 20) were chosen as the major points and Feishu (BL 13) and Chize (LU 5) as the adjuvant. Er Long Xi Zhu and Guo Yan Re needling manipulations were applied in the observation group while twirling reinforcing manipulation was used in the control group. Treatment was conducted once per day in both groups, for two sets of 15 consecutive days at a 2-day interval. Changes in the symptom score, tear break-up time (BUT) and tear production were observed afterwards, and the clinical efficacy was also compared between the two groups. Results: The total effective rate was 92.8％ in the observation group, higher than 71.4％ in the control group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the symptom score, tear BUT and tear production showed significant improvements in both groups (all P<0.05); the symptom score, BUT and tear production in the observation group were significantly different from those in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Given the same acupoint selection, combining Er Long Xi Zhu and Guo Yan Re needling manipulations can produce more significant clinical efficacy than twirling reinforcing manipulation in treating DES of lung-yin deficiency pattern.

Objective To observe the curative effect in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) complicated by moderate or severe thrombocytopenia with a blood platelet count(BPC) of under 50 × 109/L and analyze its related factors. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data on 109 SLE patients with mod-erate or severe thrombocytopenia. Results Of the 109 patients,82(75.2%)had complete response(CR),15 (13.8%)had partial response(PR),and 12(11.0%)had no response(NR),respectively. As compared with the CR+PR group,the NR group had a higher incidence rate of decreased bone marrow megakaryocyte(P < 0.05). However,there were no significant differences between the two groups in SLEDAI scores,rates of positive PAIg and ACA,and levels of C3 and C4(P>0.05 for all comparisons). The total effectiveness rate did not differ signifi-cantly between MP pulse therapy and high-dose corticosteroid therapy. Conclusions A decrease in bone marrow megakaryocytes can be an adverse factorfor affecting the efficacy in patients with SLE complicated by moderate or severe thrombocytopenia.