This article elucidates the relationship between the human susceptibility to obesity and gene polymorphisms such as peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors(PPARs)and PPAR?coactivator-1,along with milestones in the formation and development of capacity for fat deposition during evolutionary history of human.An biological evolutionary analysis,identifying factors favoring the energy stores,may be helpful to the development of preventive public health strategies.

Objective To observe the expression levels of IL-8,IL-4,TNF-α of neonatal mouse with systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS) treated by different doses of dexamethasone.Methods A total of 50 neonatal mice were randomly divided into five groups:blank control group,saline control group and treatment group A,B,C.The saline control group and treatment groups were established into SIRS models,treatment group A:a single high-dose of dexamethasone (2 mg/kg),subcutaneous injection (SC) ; treatment group B:two doses of dexamethasone (1 mg/kg,q1 2 h,total 2 mg/kg,SC) ; treatment group C:four doses of dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg,q 1 2 h,total 2 mg/kg,SC) ;saline control group:saline of the same volume (0.4 ml/kg,SC).All mice were detected IL-4,IL-8,TNF-α by ELISA 72 hours after animal models being completed.Results The levels of IL-4,IL-8,TNF-α in saline control group and treatment group A,B,C were higher than those in blank control group respectively (P ＜ 0.05,respectively).The levels of IL-4,IL-8,TNF-α in treatment group A,B,C were lower compared to those of saline control group respectively (P ＜ 0.05,respectively),levels of TNF-α,IL-8 in treatment group B and C were lower than those of treatment group A(P ＜ 0.05,respectively).There were no significant differences in the level of IL-4 among treatment group A,B,and C (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Dexamethasone could lower the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-8,TNF-α and anti-inflammatory factor IL-8 of neonatal mouse with SIRS,and the effect of multiple low-doses of dexamethasone on SIRS is significantly better than a single high dose.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ; genetics ; Animals ; Biological Transport, Active ; Bipolar Disorder ; genetics ; Glucose Transporter Type 4 ; metabolism ; Hepacivirus ; physiology ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Point Mutation ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; R-SNARE Proteins ; metabolism ; Tissue Distribution ; Transport Vesicles ; physiology ; Vesicular Transport Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiology ; Virus Replication

OBJECTIVE: To develop a kind of Agkistrodon acutus (Günther) DNA test kit, evaluate its quality indexes including specificity, stability, sensitivity and repeatability, and inspect the qualities of commercialAgkistrodon acutus (Günther) samples. METHODS: The Agkistrodon acutus (Günther) DNA test kit was developed and modified according to the method recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010 edition). EighteenAgkistrodon acutus (Günther) samples were randomly collected from Beijing, Tianjin, and Changchun. The kit assay was performed to identify these samples with the pharmacopoeia method as the standard control. RESULTS: The kit proved effective after 20 times of freezing and thawing, and repeatability test showed same data for three tests. The lower limit of quantitation was 0.025 g. The specificity test confirmed that 14 samples were genuine, and 4 were adulterants. All of the identification results by the kit assay were in accordance with the ones by the pharmacopoeia method. CONCLUSION: The developed DNA test kit is accurate and effective for identification of Agkistrodon acutus (Günther). Compared with the pharmacopoeia method, it is simpler and more rapid, demonstrating broad prospect in quality inspection of Agkistrodon acutus (Günther).

Previous studies have revealed Twist,a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor,plays an important role in breast cancer metastasis.To clarify the molecular mechanism of its involvement in cancer metastasis,Twist was silenced by RNAi in highly metastatic 4T1 cells.Then microarray chips were used to investigate the gene-expression pattern of the Twist-knockdown 4T1 cells and the normal 4T1 cells.The results indicated that silencing of Twist significantly suppressesed lung metastasis of 4T1 cells in vivo.Direct comparison of gene-expression profiles showed that 167 genes in Twist-knockdown cells differed dramatically in expression levels from those in control cells.Among the 167 genes,26 well-known tumor-associated genes,including 15 up-regulated and 11 down-regulated genes were found.These genes appear to be regulated by Twist during breast tumorigenesis.The findings provide new insights into the mechanism by which Twist is involved in tumorigenesis.

Aged ; Castleman Disease ; complications ; Hepatitis B ; complications ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; complications ; virology ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; complications ; Male

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; Neurilemmoma

Accidents, Occupational ; Adult ; Ammonia ; poisoning ; Bronchiolitis Obliterans ; etiology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Transplantation

Acute Lung Injury ; etiology ; surgery ; Burns, Inhalation ; surgery ; Humans ; Lung Transplantation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Respiratory Aspiration ; complications ; Sulfuric Acids ; poisoning

Child ; Electroacupuncture ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; Electrolysis ; Equipment Failure ; Equipment and Supplies ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male