The present paper reports a systematic research of the antifatigue effect of Flammulina velutipes. The antifatigue effect was judged by the examination of serum lactate dchydrogenase activity, level of blood lactic acid, serum urea nitrogen, muscle and liver glycogen,The experiments indicated that feeding Flammulina velutipes to mice for several days the lactate dehydrogenase activity, muscle and liver glycogeu levels were significantly higher than that of the control. After exercise, the levels of blood lactate and serum urea nitrogen were significantly lower than those of control. After exercise, the recovery rate of lactic acid was much faster than that of control.From the above results, we concluded the Flammulina velutipes may have significant effect on the capability of adaptation to heavy exercise and prevention or elimination of fatigue after exercise.

Objective To investigate the effects of miR-19 on the migration ability of lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549. Methods The expressions of miR-19 in lung epithelial cell line BEAS-2B and lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549-Luc were detected by qRT-PCR.The A549-Luc cell line which over-expressed miR-19 was established. The expression levels of miR-19 in A549/RFP+/H2B and A549/RFP+/m19 were identified by qRT-PCR. The morphology of A549/RFP+/m19 was observed,and the migration ability of A549/RFP+/m19 was detected by transwell migration assay. Results The expression levels of miR-19 differed significantly between BEAS-2B cells and A549-Luc cells (t = -20.954, P < 0.001). The lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549/RFP+/m19 which over-expressed miR-19 was successfully established. Changes in A549/RFP+/m19 cell morphology were found. As compared with A549/RFP+/H2B cells, A549/RFP+/m19 had an increased migration ability (P <0.01). Conclusions miR-19 enhances the migration ability of lung adenocarcinoma A549-Luc cells.

Objective To identify the relationship among glycogenes,N-glycans and hepatocarcinoma metastasis and drug resistance by studying the differential expressions of glycogenes and N-glycans in MHCC97-H and MHCC97-L human hepatocarcinoma cell lines,and to confirm the novel target of hepatocarcinoma metastasis and anti-tumor therapy.Methods Real-time PCR was used to quantitatively analyze glycogenes and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-lectin was used to analyze glycans characteristics.RNA interference approach was used to interfere the glycogenes,and the invasive ability in vitro and drug susceptibility of MHCC97-H cells were detected before and after interference.Modification of N-glycosylation (tunicamycin and PNGase F treatment) was done,and the invasiveness in vitro,tumorigenicity in vivo and drug susceptibility of MHCC97-H cells were detected before and after modification.Results The expressions of glycogenes and glycans were different in MHCC97-H cells and MHCC97-L cells.The silence of MGAT5 in MHCC97-H cells inhibited invasion ability and increased sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil in vitro(t =7.312,P ＜ 0.05).Modification of N-glycosylation decreased MHCC997-H cells invasion ability in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo and increased sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil.Conclusion The differential expressions of glycogens and N-glycans in human hepatocarcinoma cell lines correlate with tumor invasion and drug resistance,and they are expected to be novel targets of tumor chemotherapy.

Nano science, info science and life science are three major scientific fields in the 21st century. Because of the special physical and chemical character, the nanomaterials has been applied in many fields, and brings enormous progress to people's life. A new problem has turned to be the focus of people's attention, that is, whether nanomaterials may bring about harms to the organism and environment. This paper elaborates the background of biological safety of nanomaterials, the characteristic of the nanomaterials in environment, it emphases on the routes of exposure to the nanomaterials and its adverse affects to the organism and environment, finally shortage of the researches on this field was analyzed.

BACKGROUND:Airway epithelial regeneration can effectively inhibit submucosal hyperblastosis and the occurrence of obliteration. Studies demonstrated that ventilation could accelerate the regeneration of airway epithelium. OBJECTIVE:To establish and improve an orthotopic tracheal transplantation model and to further observe the effects of ventilation on trachea in alogeneic mice. METHODS:C57BL/6 mouse's tracheal served as donor, and BALB/c mouse's tracheal as recipient. This experiment contained two groups. In the experimental group, the membranous part of trachea was longitudinaly dissected in two donors and sutured into an enlarged trachea, which was implanted in the recipient. In the control group, donor's trachea was implanted into the recipient in situ. Samples were obtained and detected at 28 days after surgery. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Hematoxylin-eosin staining results demonstrated that compared with the control group, wel-differentiated ciliated epithelium was visible in the epithelial lamina of tracheal lumen, accompanying a few non-ciliated single or stratified squamous epithelium, mild submucosal fibrosis and inflammatory cel infiltration. Morphological analysis revealed that ciliated epithelial proportion in the experimental group was higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). The ratio of lamina propria to the tracheal cartilage, submucous fibrous tissuearea and the degree of lymphocyte infiltration were lower in the experimental group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that the transplanted tracheal epithelium in both groups was recipient epithelial phenotype. Results verified that a modified orthotopic tracheal transplantation model was successfuly established. The increased ventilation of the tracheal alografts can accelerate the differentiation of tracheal epithelium. The wel-differentiated airway epithelium inhibited the proliferation of fibroblast.

Objective: To compile and evaluate the Chinese version of perioperative nursing quality assessment scale, detect and verify the reliability and validity of evaluation scale, and establish a scientiifc evaluation system. Methods: We applied Tuija Leinonene and Helena Leino-kilpi scales as the theoretical framework, and established perioperative nursing quality assessment scale by translation, language study, and expert consultation. hTe questionnaire survey population was 276 patients who had surgery and 200 nurses working in the operating rooms at the 3 Affliated Hospitals of Central South University. hTe scale was tested validity and reliability. Results: Perioperative nurse quality evaluation scale consisted of 32 items and 7 dimensions, including body care, receive information, support, respect, medical staff characteristics, environment and nursing process. The test-retest reliability of scale was 0.977 for patients and 0.997 for nurses. hTe split half reliability of scale was 0.761 for patients and 0.887 for nurses. hTe Cronbach's α of total scale for the patients was 0.918, and the Cronbach's α of factors was 0.658-0.838. hTe Cronbach's α of total scale for the nurses was 0.932, and the Cronbach's α of factors was 0.650-0.836. hTe correlation coeffcient of scale for the patients was 0.363-0.603; the factors and the total correlation coeffcient was 0.535-0.788. hTe correlation coeffcient of scale for the nurses was 0.410-0.700; the factors and the total correlation coeffcient was 0.743-0.902. Conclusion: The Chinese version of the perioperative nursing quality assessment scale is a measurement instrument with a high level of validity and reliability for Chinese society and can be used to determine the quality of perioperative nursing care in our country.

Objective To analyse the stress distribution of distal-extension removable partial dentures supported by mini implants. Methods The finite element analysis models of conventional removable partial dentures ( CRPD) and mini implants supported removable partial dentures (ISRPD) were established by modular denture model. The stress distribution of abutments and supporting tissues was compared by finite element analysis software Abaqus 6.5.Results Under vertical loading, the stress of abutment teeth, mucosa of edentulous region and alveolar bone of ISRPD model was lower than that of CRPD model. Under oblique loading, the stress of each part of CRPD model and alveolar bone of ISRPD model significantly increased, while that of abutment teeth and parodontium of ISPRD model decreased. Conclusion The distal-extension removable partial dentures supported by mini implants work well in protecting the abutments and supporting tissues.

Objective To analyse the stress distribution of precision attachment dentures used in distal-extension edentulous cases. Methods The finite element models of conventional removable partial dentures and precision attachment dentures were established by modular denture model, and the models of precision attachment dentures were established with 4┬4 as one abutment or 43┬34 as two abutments. The stress distribution of abutments and supporting tissues was compared by finite element analysis software Abaqus 6.5.Results Under vertical loading or oblique loading, the stress of abutments and supporting tissues from attachment dentures with two abutments was significantly lower than that from attachment dentures with one abutment. The stress of conventional removable partial dentures significantly increased under oblique loading. Conclusion It is reasonable for the design of attachment dentures with two abutments for mandibular distal-extension edentulous cases.

Objective To compare the expression changes of neuropeptide Y (NPY) receptor Y1 in different stages of osteoblast differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).Methods The rBMSCs were isolated in vitro from Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats using whole bone marrow adherence method and cultured. Then, the rBMSCs were divided into osteoblast-induced group and noninduced group. In different periods of culture at 1, 2 and 3 weeks, identification of the osteoblasts was performed by using immunocytochemistry and Western blot. Expressions of mRNA and protein of Y1 receptor were detected by real time reserve transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot. Results RT-PCR demonstrated that osteoblast-induced group had a lower expression of Y1 receptor than non-induced group at the same time point and the expression of Y1 receptor was increased in a time-dependent manner in both groups. Western blot demonstrated higher expression of Y1 receptor in osteoblast-induced group compared with non-induced group at the same time point and a decreased expression of Y1 receptor in a time-dependent manner in both groups. Conclusions During the process of osteoblastic differentiation of rat BMSCs, the expressions of mRNA and protein of NPY Y1 receptor show different trends, when NPY may mediate the inhibition of osteoblastic differentiation of BMSCs through Y1 receptor pathway.

According to the TCM theory, human growth, development and aging are closely related to kidney function and the main cause of human senility is deficiency of “kidney essence”. Recent studies showed that the “kidney” in TOM include the regulatory function of the neuroendocrine and immune systems.
In this paper, the effect of Guzhen Recipe (_??__??__??_), an aging retarding prescription composed of kidney tonifying herbs such as Radix Polygoni Multiflori (_??__??_), Herba Cistanchis (_??__??_) Rubus Chiagii (_??__??__??_) etc. on the hippocampus and HPAT axis in senile rats were observed. The results showed : (1) With age the number of glucocorticoid receptors (GCR) in the hippocampus, the concentrations of NE, DA, 5-HT in the hypothalamus were markedly decreased, while the plasma corticosterone concentration in senile rats was obviously increased. (2) The thymocyte GCR nuclear transition rate was increased significantly ; (3) The contents of cytoplasmic protein, nuclear RNA and DNA, the thymus weight/body weight ratio, the serum thymic factors as well asthe rate of lymphocyte transformation, the activity of IL-2 and NK cells in senile rats were obviously decreased compared to those of young control rats. Guzhen recipe however, was capable of improving these changes in the neuroendocrine-thymic net work in senile rats to varying degrees, suggesting that the kidney with Chinese Medicine might retard the functional degeneration of thymic endocrine partly by improving the feedback regulation of the hippocampal GCR and increasing the concentrations of NE and 5-HT of hypothalamus, thus decreasing the plasma corticosterone ; Simultaneously weakening the nuclear transition rate of thymocyte GCR, which in turn improving the immune function of the senile animal.
We concluded that Guzhen Recipe may retard the functional degeneration of both the hypo-thalamuspituitary-gornadal-thymic and hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroidal-thymic axis. All the above results revealed that retarding the aging effect using TCM in volves multiple-leves, multiple-systems and links. Using holistic regulation, imbalance links in aging process are modulated and the equilibrium of Yin and Yang are maintained. This is an important characteristic of the TCM to retard aging.
This research was supported by funds from National Natural Science Foundation of China No. 38970908.