The present paper reports a systematic research of the antifatigue effect of Flammulina velutipes. The antifatigue effect was judged by the examination of serum lactate dchydrogenase activity, level of blood lactic acid, serum urea nitrogen, muscle and liver glycogen,The experiments indicated that feeding Flammulina velutipes to mice for several days the lactate dehydrogenase activity, muscle and liver glycogeu levels were significantly higher than that of the control. After exercise, the levels of blood lactate and serum urea nitrogen were significantly lower than those of control. After exercise, the recovery rate of lactic acid was much faster than that of control.From the above results, we concluded the Flammulina velutipes may have significant effect on the capability of adaptation to heavy exercise and prevention or elimination of fatigue after exercise.

Objective To investigate the effects of miR-19 on the migration ability of lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549. Methods The expressions of miR-19 in lung epithelial cell line BEAS-2B and lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549-Luc were detected by qRT-PCR.The A549-Luc cell line which over-expressed miR-19 was established. The expression levels of miR-19 in A549/RFP+/H2B and A549/RFP+/m19 were identified by qRT-PCR. The morphology of A549/RFP+/m19 was observed,and the migration ability of A549/RFP+/m19 was detected by transwell migration assay. Results The expression levels of miR-19 differed significantly between BEAS-2B cells and A549-Luc cells (t = -20.954, P < 0.001). The lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549/RFP+/m19 which over-expressed miR-19 was successfully established. Changes in A549/RFP+/m19 cell morphology were found. As compared with A549/RFP+/H2B cells, A549/RFP+/m19 had an increased migration ability (P <0.01). Conclusions miR-19 enhances the migration ability of lung adenocarcinoma A549-Luc cells.

Objective To identify the relationship among glycogenes,N-glycans and hepatocarcinoma metastasis and drug resistance by studying the differential expressions of glycogenes and N-glycans in MHCC97-H and MHCC97-L human hepatocarcinoma cell lines,and to confirm the novel target of hepatocarcinoma metastasis and anti-tumor therapy.Methods Real-time PCR was used to quantitatively analyze glycogenes and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-lectin was used to analyze glycans characteristics.RNA interference approach was used to interfere the glycogenes,and the invasive ability in vitro and drug susceptibility of MHCC97-H cells were detected before and after interference.Modification of N-glycosylation (tunicamycin and PNGase F treatment) was done,and the invasiveness in vitro,tumorigenicity in vivo and drug susceptibility of MHCC97-H cells were detected before and after modification.Results The expressions of glycogenes and glycans were different in MHCC97-H cells and MHCC97-L cells.The silence of MGAT5 in MHCC97-H cells inhibited invasion ability and increased sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil in vitro(t =7.312,P ＜ 0.05).Modification of N-glycosylation decreased MHCC997-H cells invasion ability in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo and increased sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil.Conclusion The differential expressions of glycogens and N-glycans in human hepatocarcinoma cell lines correlate with tumor invasion and drug resistance,and they are expected to be novel targets of tumor chemotherapy.

Nano science, info science and life science are three major scientific fields in the 21st century. Because of the special physical and chemical character, the nanomaterials has been applied in many fields, and brings enormous progress to people's life. A new problem has turned to be the focus of people's attention, that is, whether nanomaterials may bring about harms to the organism and environment. This paper elaborates the background of biological safety of nanomaterials, the characteristic of the nanomaterials in environment, it emphases on the routes of exposure to the nanomaterials and its adverse affects to the organism and environment, finally shortage of the researches on this field was analyzed.

?AIM: To explore the effects of “one week with one case” teaching method with college - enterprise cooperation in the theoretical classes of contact lens courses, which provide the basis for teaching reform.?METHODS: Fifty-six students in optometry major of Grade 2012 from Xi’an Medical College were divided into 2 groups randomly. The experimental group of 28 students used “one week with one case” teaching method with college-enterprise cooperation; the control group of 28 people used traditional “one week with one case”teaching method. The examination scores and questionnaire were used to evaluate the teaching effects.?RESULTS:The students of experimental group acquired higher test scores in short-answer questions and the case analysis questions compared with students of control group (P<0. 05). The questionnaire survey showed the“one week with one case” teaching method with college-enterprise cooperation acquired higher scores in 6 items which include the intensity of learning interest, information acquisition ability, team cooperation ability, communication skills, oral communication ability and the satisfaction of teaching method (P<0. 05). Four items included participation, preparation, communication ability and team spirit of experimental group students were significantly superior to those of the control group students (P<0. 05).?CONCLUSION:“One week with one case” teaching method with college-enterprise cooperation can improve comprehensive ability of students. It is an effective teaching method with the characteristics of the contact lens courses.

According to the TCM theory, human growth, development and aging are closely related to kidney function and the main cause of human senility is deficiency of “kidney essence”. Recent studies showed that the “kidney” in TOM include the regulatory function of the neuroendocrine and immune systems.
In this paper, the effect of Guzhen Recipe (_??__??__??_), an aging retarding prescription composed of kidney tonifying herbs such as Radix Polygoni Multiflori (_??__??_), Herba Cistanchis (_??__??_) Rubus Chiagii (_??__??__??_) etc. on the hippocampus and HPAT axis in senile rats were observed. The results showed : (1) With age the number of glucocorticoid receptors (GCR) in the hippocampus, the concentrations of NE, DA, 5-HT in the hypothalamus were markedly decreased, while the plasma corticosterone concentration in senile rats was obviously increased. (2) The thymocyte GCR nuclear transition rate was increased significantly ; (3) The contents of cytoplasmic protein, nuclear RNA and DNA, the thymus weight/body weight ratio, the serum thymic factors as well asthe rate of lymphocyte transformation, the activity of IL-2 and NK cells in senile rats were obviously decreased compared to those of young control rats. Guzhen recipe however, was capable of improving these changes in the neuroendocrine-thymic net work in senile rats to varying degrees, suggesting that the kidney with Chinese Medicine might retard the functional degeneration of thymic endocrine partly by improving the feedback regulation of the hippocampal GCR and increasing the concentrations of NE and 5-HT of hypothalamus, thus decreasing the plasma corticosterone ; Simultaneously weakening the nuclear transition rate of thymocyte GCR, which in turn improving the immune function of the senile animal.
We concluded that Guzhen Recipe may retard the functional degeneration of both the hypo-thalamuspituitary-gornadal-thymic and hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroidal-thymic axis. All the above results revealed that retarding the aging effect using TCM in volves multiple-leves, multiple-systems and links. Using holistic regulation, imbalance links in aging process are modulated and the equilibrium of Yin and Yang are maintained. This is an important characteristic of the TCM to retard aging.
This research was supported by funds from National Natural Science Foundation of China No. 38970908.

Objective To analyse the stress distribution of distal-extension removable partial dentures supported by mini implants. Methods The finite element analysis models of conventional removable partial dentures ( CRPD) and mini implants supported removable partial dentures (ISRPD) were established by modular denture model. The stress distribution of abutments and supporting tissues was compared by finite element analysis software Abaqus 6.5.Results Under vertical loading, the stress of abutment teeth, mucosa of edentulous region and alveolar bone of ISRPD model was lower than that of CRPD model. Under oblique loading, the stress of each part of CRPD model and alveolar bone of ISRPD model significantly increased, while that of abutment teeth and parodontium of ISPRD model decreased. Conclusion The distal-extension removable partial dentures supported by mini implants work well in protecting the abutments and supporting tissues.

Objective To analyse the stress distribution of precision attachment dentures used in distal-extension edentulous cases. Methods The finite element models of conventional removable partial dentures and precision attachment dentures were established by modular denture model, and the models of precision attachment dentures were established with 4┬4 as one abutment or 43┬34 as two abutments. The stress distribution of abutments and supporting tissues was compared by finite element analysis software Abaqus 6.5.Results Under vertical loading or oblique loading, the stress of abutments and supporting tissues from attachment dentures with two abutments was significantly lower than that from attachment dentures with one abutment. The stress of conventional removable partial dentures significantly increased under oblique loading. Conclusion It is reasonable for the design of attachment dentures with two abutments for mandibular distal-extension edentulous cases.

Objective To compare the expression changes of neuropeptide Y (NPY) receptor Y1 in different stages of osteoblast differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).Methods The rBMSCs were isolated in vitro from Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats using whole bone marrow adherence method and cultured. Then, the rBMSCs were divided into osteoblast-induced group and noninduced group. In different periods of culture at 1, 2 and 3 weeks, identification of the osteoblasts was performed by using immunocytochemistry and Western blot. Expressions of mRNA and protein of Y1 receptor were detected by real time reserve transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot. Results RT-PCR demonstrated that osteoblast-induced group had a lower expression of Y1 receptor than non-induced group at the same time point and the expression of Y1 receptor was increased in a time-dependent manner in both groups. Western blot demonstrated higher expression of Y1 receptor in osteoblast-induced group compared with non-induced group at the same time point and a decreased expression of Y1 receptor in a time-dependent manner in both groups. Conclusions During the process of osteoblastic differentiation of rat BMSCs, the expressions of mRNA and protein of NPY Y1 receptor show different trends, when NPY may mediate the inhibition of osteoblastic differentiation of BMSCs through Y1 receptor pathway.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) on proliferation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Methods The rBMSCs were isolated using whole bone marrow adherence method. In the different periods of culturing (1, 2,and 3 weeks), expressions of the neuropeptide receptors were detected by Western Blot and reserve transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The BMSCs were treated with CGRP and SP at concentration 10-8 mol/L at different time (1,3,5,7,9 days), cell proliferation was detected with MTT assay, the protein expressions of cyclin D1 ,cyclin E and p53 were examined using Western Blot. Results The CGRP receptor and SP receptor were expressed in BMSCs. The expression of CGRP receptor was statistically higher than that of SP receptorat the same time point. The growth curves of BMSCs cultured by both neuropeptides had similar appearance. CGRP and SP stimulated the proliferation of BMSCs significantly at 9 days and 7 and 9 days. In this process, the expressions of cyclinDl and cyclinE were up-regulated by CGRP, SP only enhanced the expression of cyclinE; these effects all reached a peak at 5 days. The expression of p53 was down-regulated by both neuropeptides. Conclusion CGRP and SP had direct effects on the proliferation of BMSCs, the regulation of cell cycle proteins is one of the mechanisms.