Drowning ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organothiophosphorus Compounds ; poisoning

Objective To investigate the influence of combined spinal-epidural anesthesia and general anesthesia on short-term cogni-tive function of elderly patients with lacunar infarction after surgery.Methods A total of 50 patients with lacunar infarction who underwent abdominal surgery in our hospital from June 2012 to December 2013 were selected as the research object,who were divided into spinal-epi-dural anesthesia group (combined group)and general anesthesia group (general group).The incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction of two groups were observed and compared.The mini-mental state examination(MMSE)and Montreal cognitive Assessment(MoCA)were used to evaluated the cognitive function before and postoperative 1 day.Results The probability of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD)of combined group and the general group were 12% and 32%,respectively,and the POCD probability of combined group was lower than that of general group,the difference was significant(P <0.05).The MMSE score and MoCA score at postoperative 1 day of two groups were lower than those before anesthesia,the difference was significant(P <0.05).The MMSE score and MoCA score of combined group at postoperative 1 day were lower than that of general group,the difference was significant(P <0.05).Conclusion The anesthesia can cause a certain cognitive dysfunction for elderly patients with lacunar infarction,while the spinal-epidural anesthesia can reduce the incidence rate of POCD compared anesthesia.

In order to improve the metabolism yield of cordycepin and adenosine,we studied nitrogen sources ,the levels of nitrogen sources and carbon sources,dynamic development in liquid culture ,as well as the total yield of cordycepin and adenosine in culture system through determining the contents of cordycepin and adenosine by HPLC .The results are as follows: not only animal protein but also some plant protein is very good nitrogen sources; in culture solution the suitable levels of nitrogen sources and carbon sources is respectively 3% and 4%; the content of adenosine in culture solution is very low, while it is quite high in mycelia; it is much higher that the total yield of cordycepin in culture solution than in mycelia; when the culture system is oscillated and cultured after 7~9 days, the total yield of cordycepin and adenosine are both high.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), retrograde ureterolithotripsy(URSL) and percutaneous ureterolithotripsy(PCL) in the treatment of proximal ureteral calculi. Methods A total of 397 patients with proximal ureteral calculi treated by ESWL,URSL or PCL ftom September 2001 to December 2005 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among 397 patients,83 patients with a mean stone size of 1.23 cm were treated by ESW L.Of then.13 patients transferred to URSL or ureterolithotomy and the stone-free rate of ESWL 1 month later was 65.7%(46/70).TWO hundred and thirteen patients with a mean stone size of 1.21 cm were treated by URSL and 101 patients with a mean stone size of 1.50 cm were treated by PCL.The stone-free rate of URSL and PCL 1 month after the treatment was 88.2%(172/195)and 96.9%(95/98),respectively.Eighteen patients in URSL group and 3 patients in PCL group trans-ferred to ureterolithotomy.ESWL had a statistically lower stone-free rate than that of URSL and PCL (P＜0.001),both in patients with stone size≤1 cm and＞1 cm.For patients with stone size＞1 cm,PCL achieved a higher stone-free rate than URSL(P=0.005).PCL also had a higher stone-free rate than URSL in treating patients with stone size≤1 cm but there was no statistical difference between them. Conclusions ESWL can still be used as first-line treatment choice for proximal ureteral stones less than 1cm.For patients with proximal ureteral stones larger than 1cm.URSL and PCL are more proper treatment modalities since they can achieve higher stone-free rate and have acceptable low complications.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between serum lipocalin-2 level and the risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods:A total of 279 type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled in this study. Basic information and clinical data were collected. These patients were divided into CVD group and non-CVD group according to their cardiovascular disease status. Serum lipocalin-2 level was assessed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results:Compared to non-CVD group, serum lipocalin-2 level was significantly higher in CVD group( P<0.01). The Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum lipocalin-2 level was positively correlated with waist circumstance, diastolic blood pressure, uric acid, triglyceride, and HbA 1C( P<0.05), while negatively correlated with high density lipoprotein-cholesterol level( P<0.01). In addition, the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that serum lipocalin-2 was an independent risk factor for CVD( P<0.01)after adjustment for potential confounders. Moreover, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that the area under curve value of lipocalin-2 was 0.74, with the optimal cutoff value of lipocalin-2 66.84 ng/mL. Conclusion:Serum lipocalin-2 is closely associated with CVD in patients with type 2 diabetes, which might be considered as one of the predictors for CVD in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical effects of close reduction and minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis in treating proximal humerus fractures in the aged.

METHODSFrom February 2012 to December 2013,39 patients with proximal humerus fractures were treated with minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO group, 21 cases) and open reduction internal fixation (ORIF group, 18 cases). Including 17 males and 22 females in the study, and aged from 67 to 88 years old with an average of (71.8 ± 5.2) years old. In MIPPO group, there were 11 males and 10 females with an average age of (70.0 ± 5.3) years old;and in ORIF group, there were 10 males and 8 females with an average age of (72.0 ± 4.2) years old. Operation time, blood loss during operation, fracture healing time and postoperative complications were recorded. The functions of the shoulder joints were assessed according to Constant-Murley score at final follow-up.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up from 11 to 27 months with an average of 18.1 months. The mean blood loss of the MIPPO group was (176.0 ± 57.4) ml,while the ORIF group was (356.0 ± 66.9) ml (t = 7.22,P = 0.01). The operation time of the MIPPO group was (47.4 ± 14.9) min, while the ORIF group was (92.7 ± 15.8) min (t = 0.79, P = 0.03). Fracture healing time in the MIPPO group and ORIF group was (17.6 ± 5.8), ( 21.7 ± 4.9) weeks, respectively (P < 0.05). The mean Constant-Murley score at final follow-up was 89.7 ± 14.5 in MIPPO group, and 81.8 ± 13.2 in ORIF group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMIPPO has advantages of little trauma, less blood loss, rapid recovery, less vascular damage and so on and can effectively treat the proximal humerus fracture in the aged.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Plates ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Shoulder Fractures ; surgery

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy(mPCNL)in the treatment of upper urinary tract calculus. Methods The clinical data of 368 cases of upper urinary tract calculus from 2002 to 2006, which underwent mPCNL, were retrospectively analyzed. Among 368 cases analyzed, there were 116 cases with proximal ureteral cal-culus;190 cases of nonstaghorn kidney stones, 62 cases of staghorn stones. Results There were 344 cases(93.5%)treated with one-stage operation, 24 cases(6.5%) with two-stage. Single channel was used in 856 cases(96.70%), two-channel in 12 cases(3.3%). Complete stone clearance was a-chieved in 337 kidneys, giving an overall clearance rate of 91.6%. The average operative time was 73 min. The duration of hospital stay was 4-8 d with an average of 6 d in one-stage and complete clear-ance patients. Postoperative urinary tract infection was seen in 23 patients(6.2 %). Five(1.4 %) pa-tients required blood transfusion after operation. Two patients with severe bleeding were treated with blood transfusion and super-selective arterial embolization. Conclusion mPCNL has definite efficacy in the treatment of upper urinary tract calculus with little suffering and short recovery time.

OBJECTIVEThe progress in the compatibility and dismantlement research on Traditional Chinese compound prescription was involved to provide references for the exploitation and utilization of the Chinese herbs.

METHODThe major models, methods, objectives of the compatibility and dismantlement research on Traditional Chinese compound prescription were reviewed.

RESULTMultiple and crossing ways were used in the dismantlement study of compound and most of them are foundation studies of reasonable verification of the origin prescription.

CONCLUSIONThe compatibility and dismantlement research on Traditional Chinese compound prescription has extensive applied prospect and will be developed further.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

To confirm the etiology of a dead case for a 6 year-old female Ailurus fulgens,one strain of the predominant bacteria from pathologic tissues(heart,liver,spleen,lung and other samples) of the dead Ailurus fulgens were examined and isolated.The isolate was named R1 and no other bacteria were isolated.The bacterial etiological examination(morphological characteristics,biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA gene detection)of R1 showed that it was identifed as K.peneumoniae.Artificial infection to mice about R1 was also conducted in this study.R1 had strong pathogenicity to mice and the LD50 is 6.5 × 104 CFU/mL.Moreover,the clinical and pathological features of the dead mice were consistent with that of the Ailurus fulgens.To find effective therapeutic drugs of curing other Ailurus fulgens,antibiotic sensitivity test of R1 was conducted,and the results revealed that R1 was highly sensitive to cefotaxime et al,moderately sensitive to amikacin and resistant to penicillin.These data showed that K.peneumoniae was bacterial pathogen leading to death of the Ailurus fulgens and it had strong resistance to penicillins,macrolides and virginiamycin and it had broad drug resistance spectrum.However,R1 is sensitive to cephalosporins and aminoglycoside antibiotics.

Objective To investigate the aerosolized livability,aerosolized quantity and aerosol particle diameter,etc. of phage D29. Methods Phage D29 aerosol was produced in the aerosol test cabinet in negative pressure laboratory. TSI3321 aerodynamic particle sizer spectrometer was used for detecting the diameter of the aerosol particle. Bioaerosol particle median diameter was tested with Anderson six grade microorganism sampler. The aerosolized livability and quantity of phage D29 were determined by the variations of the concentrations and quantities of phage D29 before and after aerosolization.Results The aerodynamic diameter of phage D29 aerosol was 0.872 μm. Bioaerosol particle median diameter was 2.21 μm. The livability after aerosolization for 5,15,30,45,and 60 min were 89.78％,77.19％,48.86％,33.99％,30.12％,respectively. The aerosolized quantity of phage D29 was 232 μl/min. Conclusion The characters of the aerosolized livability,aerosolized quantity and aerosol particle diameter of phage D29 were thought to be suitable for further research into aerosol inhalation treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in animals.