Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacology ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; pathology ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Antimony ; blood ; Humans ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic ; methods

Humans ; Medicine ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods

Puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase (PSAP) belongs to the M1 family of aminopeptidases, characterized by the N-terminal substrate binding sequence GAMEN, the enzyme activity center HEXXH(X)₁₈E motif, and the C-terminal ERAP-1-like superfamily structural domain. Encoded by the gene NPEPPS located at 17q21.32, PSAP consists of 919 amino acids and is widely distributed throughout the human body, with the highest expression in the brain, followed by the heart and skeletal muscle. It is also found in the liver, renal tubular epithelium, small intestine, large intestine epithelium, and gastric epithelial cells. PSAP primarily relies on its aminopeptidase hydrolytic activity to remove toxic protein aggregates such as Tau, poly Q, and Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase 1, making it an important factor in the development of diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's chorea, and tumors. Existing PSAP inhibitors include bestatin, amastatin, leuhistin, actinonin, and purinomycin, some of which are already available or in clinical trials. This review provides an overview of the structural and biological functions of M1 family aminopeptidases, with a focus on PSAP, to facilitate further research and targeted drug development.

Carcinoma in Situ ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous ; metabolism ; pathology ; Fallopian Tube Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Fallopian Tubes ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Ovary ; pathology ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; metabolism

The enzyme activity of ?- Acetolactate Decaroboxylases (ALDC) from different microbes was studied, the results demonstrated that it was quite different among them. There were diversities of their enzyme reaction velocities. It was clear that the enzyme activity was affected by the pH of the enzyme reaction system, for example, the optimum pH of ALDC from Lactococcus lactis was 6. 6, while for Aerobacter Aerogenes it was 5. 8. Addition leucine,valine and isoleucine into enzyme reaction system obviously affected the enzyme activity of ALDC from different microbes.

Objective To investigated the effects of combined arsenic trioxide(ATO) and resveratrol(Res)on the viability of NB4 human leukemia cells. Methods NB4 human leukemia cell was used in this experiment.Cells were cultured in ATO (0,0.1875,0.3750,0.7500, 1.1250, 1.5000,2.2500,3.0000,5.0000 μmol/L) and Res (0, 1.5625,3.1250,6.2500, 12.5000, 18.7500,25.0000,37.5000,50.0000 μmol/L). Cell viabilities were measured by MTT in different treatment groups. Half inhibitory concentration(IC50) was calculated. The ratio of concentration of ATO and Res 1.5∶ 18,1.5∶ 25,1.5∶ 35 was added to cells, and the combination index(CI) was calculated. The level of ROS in control, ATO( 1.5000 μmol/L), Res(25.0000 μmol/L) and ATO(0.9000 μmol/L) + Res( 12.5000μmol/L) groups was measured by chemiluminescence assay. Results ①ATO( ≥0.7500 μmol/L) reduced the viability of NB4 cells in a concentration-dependent manner(P ＜ 0.05 ), and IC50 was (1.78 ± 0.11 )μmol/L. ②)Res (≥18.7500 μ mol/L) dose-dependently decreased the viability of NB4 cells (P ＜ 0.05 ), and IC50 was ( 18.71 ±0.18)μ mol/L. ③Combination of ATO and Res showed an antagonistic effect on NB4 cells viability. ④The ROS in Res group( 1670.55 ± 13.97) was significantly lower than that in control group(2345.88 ± 14.48,P ＜ 0.05). The ROS in ATO group (3092.42 ± 94.84) was significantly higher than that in control group(P ＜ 0.05). The ROS in ATO + Res group (1860.27 ± 15.99) was significantly lower than that in ATO group(P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions NB4 cell survival rate can be decreased by ATO and Res. The combination of arsenic trioxide and Res presents an antagonistic effect on NB4 cell viability, in part by reducing intracellular ROS formation.

Objective To assess the clinical outcome of varicose veins with incompetent great saphenous vein(GSV) treated with ultrasound guided foam sclerotherapy. Methods Forty limbs with moderate to severe symptomatic varicose veins with incompetent GSV in 38 patients were injected with foam sclerosing agent (Fibro-Vein) under ultrasound guidance. There were 36 patients with unilateral varicose veins and 2 with bilateral varicose veins. No of them suffered from deep vein incompetence or perforating vein incompetence. Second injection was performed one month after the initial injection in 7 limbs. Thirty-eight of 40 limbs were followed up with clinical examination and duplex ultrasound scan 30-47 months (mean 40 months) after the treatment. Results Among 38 limbs with follow-up mild debilitation was found in two limbs(5. 3%). There were no other symptoms or complications. Duplex ultrasound demonstrated four type of results: type I, sclerosed GSV trunk with no detectable venous flow in 32 of 38 limbs (84. 2%) ;type II,patent GSV trunk in 3 limbs (7. 9%) ,two of them had mild reflux in the GSV trunk;type III,sclerosed GSV trunk and mild reflux in the GSV tributaries, 1/38(2. 6%) ; type IV,sclerosed proximal GSV trunk,patent distal GSV communicated with a superficial vein and mild reflux in the veins, 2/38 (5. 3% ). Conclusions Clinical examination and duplex ultrasound scan demonstrated excellent results of varicose veins with incompetent GSV treated with ultrasound guided foam sclerotherapy 40 months after the treatment. Sclerotherapy is less invasive treatment option for varicose veins with incompetent GSV with satisfactory clinical and cosmetic outcome.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; China ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; Mongolia ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

This paper introduces the designing process of a massaging machine on the basis of Pro/Engineer. The machine has realized the virtual design and movement simulation for the product. It's computer-controlled system has greatly improved the automatic level of the massaging machine which has broad prospects for popularization and application.
Equipment Design ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Man-Machine Systems ; Massage ; instrumentation ; User-Computer Interface