Female ; Hepatitis C ; complications ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; therapeutic use ; Interferons ; therapeutic use ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; complications ; drug therapy ; virology ; Middle Aged ; Polyethylene Glycols ; therapeutic use ; Recombinant Proteins ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

Aged ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mastectomy ; methods ; Metaplasia ; pathology ; Papilloma, Intraductal ; pathology ; surgery ; Sebaceous Glands ; pathology

The influence of separating effect of different chromatographic conditions of mouse gut flora by high performance ion exchange chromatography analysis was studied. The optimum chromatographic conditions for separating gut bacteria were determined. The sample was applied to the chromatography column packed with Toyopearl SuperQ-650c anion resin, equilibrated with 0.02mol/L piperazin-hydrochloric acid buffer (pH 8.0), and elution salt 1mol/L NaCl, eluted with the gradient of 0-50% NaCl/ 80 min, then 50%~75% NaCl/ 25 min at the flow rate 1ml/min, and injecting volume was 1ml.Under these conditions, intestinal flora were separated into several fractions. The establishment of HPLC analysis method will lay a foundation of further research on the components of mouse gut flora and their dynamic changes.

Objective To evaluate the functional changes in the isometric,concentric and eccentric muscle strength of the knee extensors and flexors in patients with knee osteoarthritis,and to explore the relationship among these contractions.Methods A Biodex System-3 isokinetic test system was used to assess the isometric,concentric and eccentric strength of the knee extensors and flexors of the involved and uninvolved limbs of 54 patients suffering from osteoarthritis.Results The strength of the knee extensors and flexors of the involved limbs was significantly less than that of the uninvolved legs in the different contraction modes(P＜0.05).The difference was especially marked in concentric and eccentric contraction at low angular velocity.The hamstrings/quadriceps ratio and the dy- namic control ratio showed abnormalities in the muscle balance of the hamstrings and quadriceps.Conclusion Iso- kinetic testing should be applied and the hamstrings/quadriceps ratio and the dynamic control ratio should be analyzed in evaluating patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasound-guided pleural biopsy combined with thoracic biochemical detections in malignant and tuberculous pleural effusions. Methods Sixty-four patients with moderate or large pleural effusions and pleural thickening received the ultrasound-guided diagnostic pleural biopsy. All patients had chest CT enhancement scans to find out the suspicious pleural thickening preoperatively, facilitating the selection of puncture sites by ultrasound. Pleural tissue samples were sent for pathological examinations immediately. After successful achievements of pleural biopsy, ultrasound-guided aspiration or drainage was performed to alleviate symptoms, more importantly, to get pleural effusions for biochemical analysis. Biological results including carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA), CA125, CYFRA21 and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) in malignant and tuberculous effusions were analyzed by group design t tests. The positive rates of CEA, CA125, CYFRA21, LDH in malignant and tuberculous effusions were compared by chi square tests. Results Pleural tissues in all cases were got by one pleural biopsy procedure. The strategy of pleural biopsy we used in this study had a successful rate reaching 100%(64/64), and 73% (46/64) patients had a definitive diagnosis as malignant or tuberculous effusion. Twenty-seven cases were diagnosed as malignant effusions and thirty-seven cases as tuberculous effusions based on the deifnitive clinical diagnosis. The positive rates of CEA, CA125, CYFRA21, LDH in malignant effusions were 100%(27/27), 100%(27/27), 100%(27/27), 89%(24/27) respectively, and 0%(0/37), 84%(31/37), 78%(29/37), 76%(28/37) respectively in tuberculous effusions. The positive rate of CEA between malignant and tuberculous effusions differed signiifcantly (χ2=64.0, P < 0.01), so did CA125 (χ2=3.1, P < 0.01) and CYFRA21(χ2=4.8, P<0.01). The average levels of CEA, CA125, CYFRA21, LDH in pleural effusion were (727.1±658.8)μg/L, (795.2±1249.6)×103 U/L, (296.2±320.7)μg/L, (1077.9±1058.5) U/L respectively, and (1.7±1.1)μg/L, (336.3±208.6)×103 U/L, (20.7±14.9)μg/L, (309.2±182.7) U/L in tuberculous effusions.There were signiifcant differences in CEA, CYFRA21 and LDH concentrations among malignant and tuberculous effusions (t=45.1, 27.4, 18.8 respectively, all P<0.01). Conclusion Ultrasound-guided pleural biopsy combined with CEA, CYFRA21 and LDH in pleural effusions had an important value in the etiological diagnosis of pleural effusions, while CA125 showed little value in the differential diagnosis.

Objective To systematically evaluate the role of laparoscopic living donor hepatectomy in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).Methods A systematic literature search was conducted on Medline-Pubmed,Embase,Cochrane Library to find studies on laparoscopic living donor hepatectomy for LDLT.All extracted data were analyzed using the RevMan 5 software.Results Ten studies with a total of 1 059 participants were included in this analysis.Laparoscopic donor hepatecomy (LDH) was associated with significantly less intraoperative blood loss [SMD =-0.39,95％ CI (-0.73,-0.05),P ＜ 0.05],lower peak level of postoperative total bilirubin [SMD =-0.24,95％ CI (-0.47,-0.01),P ＜ 0.05]and longer operative time [SMD =0.50,95％ CI (0.04,0.96),P ＜0.05] when compared with those operated with open surgery.On subgroup analyses,hospitalization stay decreased in patients who underwent LDLT with grafts obtained by complete living donor hepatectomy (LDH) and left lateral sectionectomy (both P ＜ 0.05).LDH was comparable to open surgery in donor complication rates and in-hospital cost (P ＞ 0.05).There were no differences on the harvested liver graft size,ischemic time,recipient postoperative liver function and complications between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Laparoscopic hepatectomy in living donor is a safe procedure for graft-harvesting,which improved the clinical outcomes of the donor,liver graft and recipient in LDLT.It has also the advantages of reduced blood loss,low peak levels of postoperative total bilirubin and short hospitalization stay.

This study established an HPLC fingerprint of Tibetan medicine Shaji Gao from different habitats and lay a foundation for Shaji Gao varieties identification and preparation process. The chromatographic condition was as follow: Agilent zorbax SB-C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) eluted with the mobile phases of acetonitrile and 0.4% phosphoric acid water in gradient mode. The flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1), and the detection wavelength was set at 360 nm. The fingerprints of 15 batches Shaji Gao were carried out by similarity comparation, 7 chromatographic peaks were extracted as the common peaks of fingerprint, 3 peaks were identified, which were quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin. The similarity degrees of 14 batches of samples were above 0.9 and 1 batch of samples was below 0.9. This is the first established fingerprint of Shaji Gao by using HPLC. This method has good precision, stability and repeatability that it could provide basis for quality control and evaluation of Shaji Gao.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; Quality Control

AIM To study the phenols from Vitex negundo Linn..METHODS The ethyl acetate fraction of 70％ ethanol extract from V.negundo was isolated and purified by silica,Sephadex LH-20 and ODS column,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by spectral data.RESULTS Seven compounds were isolated and identified as luteolin-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1),isoorientin 6-O-caffeate (2),3,4,5-tricaffeoyl quinic acid (3),(+)-pinoresinol-4-O-β-D-glucoside (4),methyl isoferuloyl-7-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) lactate (5),benzyl 7-O-β-D-glucoside (6) and oresbiusin A (7).CONCLUSION All the compounds are isolated from this plant for the first time,and compounds 1,3,5-7 are first isolated from genus Vitex.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus infection and can involve the organs in the whole body. Surgery is the primary method for the treatment of CE. With the development of related techniques, precision operation, and no-tumor operation standards, more and more patients are able to receive surgical treatment, but there are still many patients who can only receive drug conservative treatment. However, there are limited drugs for the treatment of CE at present, and only benzimidazole has a definite therapeutic effect. This article reviews the research advances in the pharmacotherapy for CE in China and foreign countries, so as to provide a reference for drug research and development and clinical drug use.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), retrograde ureterolithotripsy(URSL) and percutaneous ureterolithotripsy(PCL) in the treatment of proximal ureteral calculi. Methods A total of 397 patients with proximal ureteral calculi treated by ESWL,URSL or PCL ftom September 2001 to December 2005 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among 397 patients,83 patients with a mean stone size of 1.23 cm were treated by ESW L.Of then.13 patients transferred to URSL or ureterolithotomy and the stone-free rate of ESWL 1 month later was 65.7%(46/70).TWO hundred and thirteen patients with a mean stone size of 1.21 cm were treated by URSL and 101 patients with a mean stone size of 1.50 cm were treated by PCL.The stone-free rate of URSL and PCL 1 month after the treatment was 88.2%(172/195)and 96.9%(95/98),respectively.Eighteen patients in URSL group and 3 patients in PCL group trans-ferred to ureterolithotomy.ESWL had a statistically lower stone-free rate than that of URSL and PCL (P＜0.001),both in patients with stone size≤1 cm and＞1 cm.For patients with stone size＞1 cm,PCL achieved a higher stone-free rate than URSL(P=0.005).PCL also had a higher stone-free rate than URSL in treating patients with stone size≤1 cm but there was no statistical difference between them. Conclusions ESWL can still be used as first-line treatment choice for proximal ureteral stones less than 1cm.For patients with proximal ureteral stones larger than 1cm.URSL and PCL are more proper treatment modalities since they can achieve higher stone-free rate and have acceptable low complications.