1.Psoas Abscess Caused by Non-Typhoid Salmonella in a Patient with Severe Aplastic Anemia.
Chin Chi KUO ; Shih Chi KU ; Jann Tay WANG ; Ching Wei TSAI ; Vin Cent WU ; Wen Chien CHOU
Yonsei Medical Journal 2010;51(3):472-474
The clinical spectrum of infections caused by non-typhoid Salmonella spp. includes gastroenteritis, enteric fever, bacteremia, and extraintestinal localized complications, especially in immunocompromised hosts. Here we report a patient with severe aplastic anemia developing left iliopsoas abscess caused by non-typhoid Salmonella (NTS), which was successfully treated by prolonged antibiotic treatment and repeated debridement. Our data indicate that aplastic anemia is a risk factor for infection caused by NTS.
Anemia, Aplastic/*complications/microbiology
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Humans
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Psoas Abscess/*etiology/*microbiology
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Salmonella Infections/*complications
2.A Systemic Review and Experts' Consensus for Long-acting Injectable Antipsychotics in Bipolar Disorder.
Yuan Hwa CHOU ; Po Chung CHU ; Szu Wei WU ; Jen Chin LEE ; Yi Hsuan LEE ; I Wen SUN ; Chen Lin CHANG ; Chien Liang HUANG ; I Chao LIU ; Chia Fen TSAI ; Yung Chieh YEN
Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience 2015;13(2):121-128
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a major psychiatric disorder that is easily misdiagnosed. Patient adherence to a treatment regimen is of utmost importance for successful outcomes in BD. Several trials of antipsychotics suggested that depot antipsychotics, including long-acting first- and second-generation agents, are effective in preventing non-adherence, partial adherence, and in reducing relapse in BD. Various long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics are available, including fluphenazine decanoate, haloperidol decanoate, olanzapine pamoate, risperidone microspheres, paliperidone palmitate, and aripiprazole monohydrate. Due to the increasing number of BD patients receiving LAI antipsychotics, treatment guidelines have been developed. However, the clinical applicability of LAI antipsychotics remains a global cause for concern, particularly in Asian countries. Expert physicians from Taiwan participated in a consensus meeting, which was held to review key areas based on both current literature and clinical practice. The purpose of this meeting was to generate a practical and implementable set of recommendations for LAI antipsychotic use to treat BD; target patient groups, dosage, administration, and adverse effects were considered. Experts recommended using LAI antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia, rapid cycling BD, BD I, and bipolar-type schizoaffective disorder. LAI antipsychotic use was recommended in BD patients with the following characteristics: multiple episodes and low adherence; seldom yet serious episodes; low adherence potential per a physician's clinical judgment; preference for injectable agents over oral agents; and multiple oral agent users still experiencing residual symptoms.
Antipsychotic Agents*
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Asian Continental Ancestry Group
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Bipolar Disorder*
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Consensus*
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Fluphenazine
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Haloperidol
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Humans
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Judgment
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Microspheres
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Patient Compliance
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Psychotic Disorders
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Recurrence
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Risperidone
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Schizophrenia
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Taiwan
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Aripiprazole
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Paliperidone Palmitate
3.Metformin and statins reduce hepatocellular carcinoma risk in chronic hepatitis C patients with failed antiviral therapy
Pei-Chien TSAI ; Chung-Feng HUANG ; Ming-Lun YEH ; Meng-Hsuan HSIEH ; Hsing-Tao KUO ; Chao-Hung HUNG ; Kuo-Chih TSENG ; Hsueh-Chou LAI ; Cheng-Yuan PENG ; Jing-Houng WANG ; Jyh-Jou CHEN ; Pei-Lun LEE ; Rong-Nan CHIEN ; Chi-Chieh YANG ; Gin-Ho LO ; Jia-Horng KAO ; Chun-Jen LIU ; Chen-Hua LIU ; Sheng-Lei YAN ; Chun-Yen LIN ; Wei-Wen SU ; Cheng-Hsin CHU ; Chih-Jen CHEN ; Shui-Yi TUNG ; Chi‐Ming TAI ; Chih-Wen LIN ; Ching-Chu LO ; Pin-Nan CHENG ; Yen-Cheng CHIU ; Chia-Chi WANG ; Jin-Shiung CHENG ; Wei-Lun TSAI ; Han-Chieh LIN ; Yi-Hsiang HUANG ; Chi-Yi CHEN ; Jee-Fu HUANG ; Chia-Yen DAI ; Wan-Long CHUNG ; Ming-Jong BAIR ; Ming-Lung YU ;
Clinical and Molecular Hepatology 2024;30(3):468-486
Background/Aims:
Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients who failed antiviral therapy are at increased risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study assessed the potential role of metformin and statins, medications for diabetes mellitus (DM) and hyperlipidemia (HLP), in reducing HCC risk among these patients.
Methods:
We included CHC patients from the T-COACH study who failed antiviral therapy. We tracked the onset of HCC 1.5 years post-therapy by linking to Taiwan’s cancer registry data from 2003 to 2019. We accounted for death and liver transplantation as competing risks and employed Gray’s cumulative incidence and Cox subdistribution hazards models to analyze HCC development.
Results:
Out of 2,779 patients, 480 (17.3%) developed HCC post-therapy. DM patients not using metformin had a 51% increased risk of HCC compared to non-DM patients, while HLP patients on statins had a 50% reduced risk compared to those without HLP. The 5-year HCC incidence was significantly higher for metformin non-users (16.5%) versus non-DM patients (11.3%; adjusted sub-distribution hazard ratio [aSHR]=1.51; P=0.007) and metformin users (3.1%; aSHR=1.59; P=0.022). Statin use in HLP patients correlated with a lower HCC risk (3.8%) compared to non-HLP patients (12.5%; aSHR=0.50; P<0.001). Notably, the increased HCC risk associated with non-use of metformin was primarily seen in non-cirrhotic patients, whereas statins decreased HCC risk in both cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients.
Conclusions
Metformin and statins may have a chemopreventive effect against HCC in CHC patients who failed antiviral therapy. These results support the need for personalized preventive strategies in managing HCC risk.