BACKGROUND:The androgen response to resistance exercise is one of hot topics in sports science research. At present, the androgen responses to resistance exercise show different results. There are different androgen changing trends under different resistance exercise interventions.
OBJECTIVE:To have a deep insight into the influence of resistance exercise on the response of human body androgen, clarify research progress in androgen response to resistance exercise, and provide the basic theory for monitoring resistance training.
METHODS:Literatures and paper reports about androgen response to resistance exercise are electronical y retrieved from the American Biological Medical Literature Database PubMed from 1986 and 2013. Final y 46 literatures addressing the research progress is analyzed about androgen responses to resistance exercise were included.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Studies have shown that, weight lifting (power snatch and power clean), squating, and deadlifting produced higher testosterone levels than the smal muscle groups. Under the same load, eccentric and concentric contractions produced the same hormone response. Adequate training amount and intensity may change the circulating testosterone levels. Short sports intermittent time led to a higher testosterone response than the long intermittent time. The free testosterone levels in youth group were significantly increased compared with the older group before and after exercise. Nutrition intervention affected acute testosterone responses to resistance exercise. Changes in exercise intensity and amount wil alter quiet testosterone levels, once returned to normal training, testosterone levels wil return to baseline values. Resistance exercise can increase androgen receptor content in human skeletal muscles.

BACKGROUND: Effect of exercise training on ultrastructure of skeletal muscle is a focus of quantified cytobiology in sports medicine. OBJECTIVE: To explore the changes of transportation function of calcium ion in sarcoplasmic reticulum of muscle in the model of reduced training after endurance training. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The randomized animal trial was performed at Xi'an Sports Institute from April to July 2006, and the biochemical test was performed at the Animal Experimental Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University in July 2006. MATERIALS: Thirty-nine healthy 2-month-old male SD weighing (220?20) g were selected. METHODS: Five rats were used in the preliminary experiment, and the others were randomly divided to normal control group (n=8), endurance training group (n=8) and reduced training group (n=18). The increasing training period of endurance training group and reduced training group lasted for 6 weeks, and then reduced training group was randomly divided to 3 groups according to reduced training cycle: 2, 4 and 6 weeks group. The rats did increasing endurance loading exercise on a treadmill, while reduced intensity was used in reduced training group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Enzyme coupling method and fluorescence probe technology were used to detect sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (adenosine triphosphatase) and maximum Ca2+ uptake and release of gastrocnemius muscle. RESULTS: The activity of Ca2+-ATPase in endurance training group was significantly increased compared with normal control group (P 0.05); reduced training 4 and 6 weeks groups were significantly reduced compared with endurance training group (P 0.05); while the maximum uptake and release of Ca2+ in sarcoplasmic reticulum of reduced training 4 and 6 weeks group was significantly reduced (P

AlM: To investigate the risk factors of diabetic retinopathy ( DR) in type 2 diabetes patients.METHODS:A total of 380 cases of type 2 diabetes were selected from January 2014 to June 2014, divided into DR group (126 cases) and non-diabetic retinopathy ( NDR) as control group (254 cases), all patients were underwent medical history, physical examinations, laboratory and assistance examinations. The prevalence and single factor and multiple factors of DR were analysed by the logistic regression model.RESULTS: The univariate logistic regression analysis showed that DR was associated with diabetes duration, systolic blood pressure, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low - density lipoprotein, urine protein, intraocular pressure, carotid intima - media thickness, peripheral neuropathy disease was the related risk factors for DR. ln multiple logistic regression analysis, only duration was the related risk factors for DR.CONCLUSlON:The occurrence of DR is the outcome of combined action of multiple factors, duration is an independent risk factor for occurrence of DR.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) is a common condition among the old,which remains a main cause of death due to its high fatality.Airway remodeling is one of its pathological features.This article reviews the pathological changes and imageological assessment of COPD airway remodeling,its correlation with microbes and its pathogenesis and therapies.

China ; Humans ; Hypertension ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; therapy

Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; classification ; Organic Chemicals ; analysis ; classification ; Workplace

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Olfaction Disorders ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Smell

The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased sharply year by year. Thyroid cancer ranked from the 14th in 2003 to the 4th in 2012 most common cancers in female in Beijing. Surgery is still main solution for thyroid cancer, there are two operative procedure for thyroid cancer: total thyroidectomy, lateral lobectomy and isthmus resection. The surgeon must pay attention to intraoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid injury, with particular emphasis on the prevention of total thyroidectomy complications. Precise dissection of thyroid capsule, intraoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring and application of lymphatic mapping to recognize and protect negative stained parathyroid by using carbon nanoparticles tracer is prone to reduce the incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid injury in the total thyroidectomy.
Attention ; Beijing ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intraoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Monitoring, Intraoperative ; Nanoparticles ; Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries ; prevention & control ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; Thyroidectomy ; adverse effects

Objective　To investigate the expression of estrogen receptor β (ERβ ) mRNA and its significance in endometrial carcinoma. Methods　Thirty-six normal and 45 cancer tissue samples of endometrium were obtained, and the RNA was isolated from the tissues by the acid guanidium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction method. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to amplify the ERβ exon 5 wild type mRNA (ERβ WT) and splicing variant mRNA (ERβ E5SV). Electrophoresis of polymerase chain reaction product was performed and the ratio of ERβ E5SV/ERβ WT was calculated. The sequencing of ERβ E5SV and ERβ WT was carried out by express DNA sequencer. Results　ERβ E5SV and ERβ WT were both expressed in normal endometrium and endometrial cancer tissues. A region of 139 bp from base pair 812 to 950 (the hormone-binding domain) was found to be deleted in ERβ E5SV sequence as compared to ERβ WT. The quantity of ERβ E5SV was more than that of ERβ WT in every normal endometrium, and was less in every endometrial cancer, the ratio of ERβ E5SV/ERβ WT was 2.47±0.99 in normal endometrium, and 0.55±0.12 in endometrial cancer (P<0.000 1). The ratio of ERβ E5SV/ERβ WT decreased with the grade from 1 to 3 (P<0.01). Conclusion　Overexpression of ERβ WT relative to ERβ E5SV may correlate with the genesis of endometrial carcinoma.

Renal failure is a common clinical feature in multiple myeloma (MM). The overall remission rate is 35 %-50% (complete remission is rare) in MM patients with renal failure treated by conventional chemotherapy. Many centers use high dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for the treatment of MM patients with renal failure. The current study showed that the severity of renal function damage and dialysis had no impact on stem cell mobilization and implantation. High dose melphalan and ASCT could increase the rates of complete remission, event free survival and overall survival to 30 %, about 20 and 40 months longer, respectively and some patients discontinued dialysis. However there are many problems in this area, such as a higher treatment related mortality leaded by APBSCT. In addition, the role of new agents, such as thalidomide, bortezomib and lenalidomide, require evaluation in MM patient with renal failure.