Preparations of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) are now being considered as possible new therapeutic embolization agents. This study evaluated two different liquid PAN formulations and a solid particle form (particle diameters, 100-400?m). Eighteen rabbits underwent unilateral renal embolization with one of the three different preparations (n=6 in each group). PAN was effective in causing infarcts in all embolized kidneys, which were documented with both angiograms and pathologic findings. These preliminary results show that PAN may have promise as an effective agent for clinical renal embolizations.

Objective To investigate the dynamic change of T-lymphocyte subsets in the patients of liver cancer treated with intra-arterial hyperthermia chemoembolization (IHCE). Methods Sixteen patients of hepatic cancer were treated with IHCE. One or two weeks before and after the procedure, the blood samples were collected for evaluation of the peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets using flow cytometry in 16 cases. The results were compared with those of other 18 patients received routine transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) during the same period. Results The cases of IHCE group showed that the proportion of CD4 cells was increased and that of CD8 cell was decreased after 2 weeks of the treatment, so that the ratio of CD4 to CD8 was obviously higher than that of the control group (P=0.01). Conclusion The hyperthermia effect of IHCE can further enhance immune function of the patients with liver cancer.

Objective To Investigate the factors affecting the post treatment fever in patients with primary liver cancer (PLC) undergone transcatheter arterial chemo embolization(TACE).Methods Seventeen clinical parameters of 102 TACE procedures were determined as independent variables, while the numbers of days running a fever after the procedure of the patients were determined as dependent variables. A multivariate stepwise regression analysis was performed to determine the factors that had affected the duration of fever. Results The factors that affected the fever after TACE were the dose of lipiodol used, ascites, using gelatin sponge(GS), serum albumin level, a history of fever, pre operative leukocyte counts and age. The volume of lipiodol used had played the most important role in affecting febrile time. Conclusions The amount of lipiodol used is the most important factor affecting the post treatment fever in patients with PLC undergone TACE with a tendency of intensification by using GS. The systemic state and the regional state of the liver before the treatments also play some parts in affecting the fever. Some frbrile cases are probably associated with potential infection. The lasting time of fever can be predicted approximately by building up a multivariate regresion equation.

Objective To study the impact of methionine restriction (MetR) on mucosal histopathology,permeability and tight junction composition in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model,and to explore its underlying mechanism.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:normal rats fed by a complete amino acid (AA group) diet,normal rats fed by MetR diet (MetR group),DSS treated rats fed by a complete amino acid (DSS + AA group) and DSS treated rats fed by MetR diet (DSS + MetR group),each group had 15 rats.Abdominal aorta blood sampling was taken at day 21 after DSS model been established to analyze blood routine examination,liver and kidney function and level of electrolyte.Morphological changes in colonic mucosa were evaluated and scored by light microscopy.Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was measured.The effect of MetR on mucosal permeability of colon strips was detected by Ussing chamber.Claudin2,occludin,claudin3,ZO-1 expression were quantified by Western blot.Results The early clinical manifestation in the DSS treated rats were loose stool or diarrhea,hematochezia positive and bleeding,and weight losing.HE observation showed prominent colitis in distal colon with manifestations of crypt abscess and infiltration of inflammatory cells.Although MPO activity and WBC account between the DSS + MetR and DSS + AA group did not significantly changed,treatment with MetR diet significantly decreased the extent and severity of epithelial injury of DSS + MetR group (10.55 ± 3.62 vs 15.00 ± 4.89,P =0.003).There were no significant difference in PCNA immunohistochemical result between the DSS + MetR group and DSS + AA group.Compared to the rats on AA diet,transepithelial electrical resistance(TEER) in DSS + AA group was obvious lower [(28.40 ± 6.78) Ω · cm2 vs (46.53 ± 4.03)Ω · cm2,P ＜0.05],and TEER in MetR group were obviously higher[(60.64 ± 8.40)Ω · cm2 vs (46.53 ±4.03)Ω · cm2,P ＜0.05].However,short-circuit current (Isc) in DSS + MetR group was obviously higher that of DSS + AA group [(35.01 ± 2.19) μA/cm2 vs (29.61 ± 1.19) μA/cm2,P ＜0.05].Western blot suggested that colon claudin2 expression was not found in colon epithelium of normal rats,and an obviously increase expression of claudin3 protein was found in the MetR group,compared to AA group; and an significantly increase in the abundance of claudin3 was found in the DSS + MetR group,but amount of claudin2 was decreased,compared with the DSS + MetR group.Conclusion The MetR diet has obvious therapeutic effect on ulcerative colitis model rats induced by DSS,and its mechanism may not by regnlating inflammatory cell infiltration and the way of promoting intestinal cell growth to alleviate inflammatory injury,but probably by changing the structure and function of tight junction protein and improve the intestinal mucosal barrier function,and promote the repair of damaged intestinal mucosa.

Objective To investigate the factors related to the heating effect by transarterial catheter hyperthermic infusion with the evaluation of the feasibility in controlling the tumor temperature.Methods Infusing 55-68℃ liquid at the speed of 10-40 ml/min through 6F,5F or 3F catheter with different length respectively under the similar clinical condition.The liquid temperature at the terminal exit of the catheter was measured with a digital thermometer.The factors related to the liquid temperature at the exit of the catheter were analyzed by multiple regression analysis. Results The infusion temperature,rate and the catheter length were the main related factors to the liquid temperature at the exit of the catheter as the condition similar in clinical use.When 60-65℃ liquid was infused at the rate of 20-40 ml/min through 5F catheter with length of 80 cm,the mean and 95% confidencial interval of the liquid temperature at the chetheter exit were(47.55?0.44)℃ and 44.61-48.49℃ respectively.Conclusions The liquid temperature at the exit of infusion catheter can be regulated and controlled through adjusting the liquid perfusion temperature and speed.

Objective To evaluate the diagnosis and treatment of intestinal neuronal dysplasia type B (IND) in childhood. MethodsForty-five patients underwent preoperative barium enema examination, 23 patients underwent electromanometry, and mucosal biopsy and immunohistochemical staining for S100 protein were performed in 17 cases. All 45 patients underwent resection of the invalid segment with coloproctostomy. Whole layer was sampled on several sites of the resected segment and examined by two independent pathologists. All patients were followed up from 3 months to 9 years (mean 4.6 years).ResultsTwenty eight patients were complicated with Hirschsprung′s disease, one patient with hypogangliosis, and isolated IND was diagnosed in the other 16 children. The narrowed distal segment with proximal dilatation was merely noted in 4 children with isolated IND. Internal sphincter relaxations were missing in 6 children with isolated IND. The indicative diagnosis might be merely gained in 7 patients by the mucosa biopsy. The correct diagnosis can be established by whole layer biopsy of the resected segment. Three children with enterocolitis after operation were cured by conservative treatment. One patient suffering from postoperative sluice syndrome underwent second resection. Postoperative continence was achived in all patients. ConclusionThe correct diagnosis of IND can be obtained by biopsy of whole layer, and resection of invalid bowel segment with coloproctostomy is the choice of therapy.

Objectives To compare the co-infection statues of HSV, HBV and HCV in patients with STD and HIV infection for providing evidence of developing prevention and control strategies. Methods Serum samples confirmed to be infected with HIV/AIDS by Western blot, and serum samples of patients with STDs (syphilis, gonorrhoea and chlamydial infection) were tested for HSV2-IgG, HSV2-IgM, HBsAg and HCV-IgG by ELISA. The detection levels were compared between the two groups. Results Out of 76 specimens in STD group, HSV2-IgG was detected in 24 specimens (31.58%), HSV2-IgM in one specimen (1.32%), HBsAg positive in 8 (10.53%), and HCV antibody positive in 4 (1.32%). In 14 specimens of HIV/AIDS group, HSV2-IgG were detected in 7 (50.00%); HSV2-IgM in 5 (35.71%);8 (578.14%) were positive for HBsAg and 3 (21.43%) for HCV. In a total of 90 specimens, both HSV and HBV were detected in 6 specimens, both HSV-IgM and HBV in 2, and the four above-mentioned antibodies in 2. The infection rates of HSV, HBV and HCV were significantly higher in HIV-infected specimens than those in the STD specimens (P

0.05), but not in other brain regions. The number of GFAP-immunopositive cells of the E.coli-treated pups was markedly increased in periventricular white matter and hippocampus at P7 compared with the control group (P0.05). CONCLUSION: Intrauterine infection induces an increased expression of GFAP in the neonatal brain. [

Objective To analyze the abnormal region of gray matter and its distribution characteristics in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI),and to investigate the structural brain changes which closely related to mild cognitive impairment.Methods 27 PD patients were examined by T1WI three-dimensional brain volume (3D-fast spoiled gradient echo,3D-FSPGR) sequence,and were divided into 2 groups:PD patients with mild cognitive impairment group (PD-MCI group,n＝15) and PD patients without mild cognitive impairment (PD-nMCI group,n=12).Gray matter map in the two groups were analyzed by using voxel based morphometry (VBM) based on SPM5.Results There were significant differences in MMSE and MoCA scores between the two groups (P＜0.01 or 0.05).Compared with PD-nMCI group,gray matter volumes in PD-MCI group were decreased in bilateral mid frontal gyrus,left precentral gyrus,right mid-temporal gyrus,left superior temporal gyrus,transverse temporal gyrus,bilateral lingual gyrus,right cuneus,bilateral insular and right posterior cingutate gyrus.Conclusions Gray matter atrophy in bilateral mid-frontal gyrus,insular and left precentral gyrus is closely related to the mild cognitive impairment in PD patients.

Objective To study the effects of rehabilitation training on learning and memory ability and the expression of growth-associated protein-43(GAP-43)in rats with vascular dementia.Methods Forty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a rehabilitation group(n=20),an immobilization group(n=20),and a sham-operation group(n=4).The rats in the former 2 groups were operated on to establish the experimental vascular dementia model by repeatedly ischemia/reperfusion injury of brain induced by ligation of bilateral common carotid arteries and lowering of blood pressure induced by intraabdominal injection of sodium nitroprusside.The rats in rehabilitation group were administered with rotating bar and rolling cage exercises for 1 hour once daily,while those in the immobilization group were immobilized and without any exercise:the rats in sham-operation group could move freely in cage.Learning and memory tests were preformed by using step-down avoidance test at the 27th and 28th days after operation.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect GAP-43 expression in hippocampus CA1 area at different time points after operation. Results The rats in rehabilitation group demonstrated better learning and memory ability than those in immobilization group(P<0.01),and more GAP-43 expression in hippocampus CA1 ar-ea than those in immobilization group and sham-operation(P<0.01).Conclusion Rehabilitation training can im-prove the learning and memory ability of rats with experimental vascular dementia,and the mechanism is probably re-lated to the increase of GAP-43 in hippocampus CA1 area.