Objective To study the correlation of three different indexes of arterial elastic function(PWV, C_ 1 and C_ 2 , AI). Methods 1306 out-patients with hypertension were recruited. Two or three arterial elastic function were measured at the same time. Large and small arterial elastic indexes(C_ 1 and C_ 2 );pulse wave velocity(PWV)and augmentation index (AI) in 428 cases , C_ 1 , C_ 2 and PWV(n=208), C_ 1 , C_ 2 , PWV and AI(n=60). Results C_ 1 was negatively related to PWV and positively related with C_ 2 . No correlation between AI and PWV, AI and C_ 1 and C_ 2 was found. Conclusion PWV, C_ 1 and C_ 2 are consistent for the arterial elastic function measurement. However, little relevance between AI and PWV, AI and C_ 1 and C_ 2 was shown.

BACKGROUND: AG490 is a newly found JAK kinase inhibitor, which can compete with receptor tyrosine kinase for binding site to block JAK/STAT pathway, inhibit rejection-related cytokine activation such as interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) ultimately inhibiting rejection.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the possibility and prospect of the AG490 as a potential immunosuppressor, explore its basic mechanism in comparison with Cyclosporine A (CsA).DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Comparative observation was performed at the Institute of Urinary Surgery, Fujian Union Hospital from October 2007 to April 2008.MATERIALS: AG490 was purchased from Sigma, USA.METHODS: Human peripheral blood lymphocyte (both T and B) were harvested from 8 healthy donors. Lymphocyte were isolated by density gradient method and cultured with phytohemagglutinin, interleukin-2 (IL-2) or mixed lymphocyte culture to induce human lymphocyte proliferation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ELISA was used to detect the concentration of IL-2, IFN-γ and IL-6 in different culture systems with the tyrphostin (AG490), CsA or FK506. RESULTS: IL-2 and IFN-γ in culture systems of phytohemagglutinin, IL-2 or mixed lymphocyte culture were inhibited by AG490 (P < 0.05), but IL-6 was not suppressed by AG490 (P < 0.05). This effect was similar to clinical CsA or FK506. CONCLUSION: AG490 may be a potential immunosuppressor.

OBJECTIVE:To provide the clinical departments with a reference for promoting rational drug use. METHODS:The inpatient prescriptions given by orthopaedics and burn departments from Jun. to Dec. 2013 were selected randomly. The number of the selected prescriptions by each department accounted for 2% of the total prescriptions given by the corresponding department in that month,including 4 921 cases by orthopaedics department and 1 391 cases by burn department. Statistical analysis of irrational prescriptions was made according to Chinese Pharmacopoeia,New Materia Medica,the package insert, and other relevant references. RESULTS:1 821 prescriptions given by orthopaedics department and 378 by burn department were found to be irrational,accounting for 37.00% and 27.17% respectively. The reasons of irrationality mainly included im-proper compatibility,improper route of administration,contraindication in and use with caution by the elderly and children,re-peated drug use,improper drug combination etc. CONCLUSIONS:The system of prescription review should be strengthened, and clinical staff training system and pharmaceatical knowledge information platform are established to promote rational use of drugs.

Objective To identify the risk factors for prostate-sparing cystectomy by evaluating the risk of prostatic invasion or incidental prostatic adenocarcinoma (PCa) in bladder cancer (BCa) patients undergoing radical cystectomy.Methods The patients undergoing radical cystectomy from 2009 to 2014 in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital were enrolled to analyze the risk factors of prostatic tumor invasion.These factors included age,tumor size,location,quantity,histologic grade and pathologic stage.Results In the 123 male patients,the mean age was 60 years (range,31-78 years);23 (18.7％) patients had BCa or PCa in the prostate;14 (11.4％) had prostatic Bca;11 (8.9％) had PCa.The risk factors of prostatic BCa included multifocal bladder tumors (OR =26.70,P =0.032),tumor in the bladder neck and trigone(OR =17.13,P =0.013),pathological stage (OR =26.70,P ＜ 0.001).Among the 11 patients with PCa,3(27.3％) patients had Gleason score of ≥7,8(72.7％) patients ≤6 and 2(18.2％) patients had extracapsular extension.Three patients had clinically significant PCa.The factor of advanced age was associated with incidental PCa (P =0.003).Conclusion The risk factors of prostatic tumor invasion in patients undergoing radical cystectomy included advanced age,bladder tumor in bladder neck and trigone,muhifocal bladder tumors,and advanced pathological stage.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the pattern of lymph node metastasis in patients with left-sided colon cancer in order to provide evidences for the choice of operation mode and the range of lymph node clearance.

METHODSClinical data of 556 cases with left-sided colon carcinoma undergoing surgical treatment in Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from January 2000 to October 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Among these patients, cancer of splenic flexure and transverse colon close to splenic flexure (splenic flexure group) was found in 41 cases, descending colon cancer in 73 cases(descending colon goup) and sigmoid colon cancer in 442 cases (sigmoid colon group), respectively; T1 was found in 29 cases, T2 in 63 cases, T3 in 273 cases, T4 in 191 cases. All the patients underwent D3 radical operation or complete mesocolic excision(CME). Para-bowel lymph node was defined as the first station, mesenteric lymph node as the second station, and lymph node in root of mesentery and around upper and inferior mesenteric arteries as the third station. Metastasis was compared among these 3 stations with regard to different sites and tumor invasions.

RESULTSThe total lymph node metastasis rate was 49.6%(276/556). The lymph node metastasis rates of splenic flexure, descending colon and sigmoid colon groups were 53.7%(22/41), 52.1%(38/73) and 48.9%(216/442) respectively without significant difference (P>0.05). The lymph node metastasis rates of the first, second, and third stations were 47.3%(263/556), 16.9%(94/556) and 5.8%(32/556) respectively with significant difference (χ(2)=287.54, P=0.000). In the first, second and third station, the lymph node metastasis rate was 13.8%(4/29), 0 and 0 in T1; 25.4%(16/63), 4.8%(3/63) and 3.2%(2/63) in T2; 45.8%(125/273), 14.7%(40/273) and 4.8%(13/273) in T3; 61.8%(118/191), 26.7%(25/191) and 8.9%(17/191) in T4 respectively. In splenic flexure group, metastasis rates were similar between No.222 and No.232[14.6%(61/41) vs. 12.2%(5/41), χ(2)=0.11, P=1.000] and between No.223 and No.253 [7.3% (3/41) vs. 2.4% (1/41), χ(2)=1.05, P=0.616]. In descending colon group, metastasis rate of No.232 was higher as compared to No.222[15.1%(11/73) vs. 2.7% (2/73), χ(2)=6.84, P=0.017]; metastasis rate of No.253 was slightly higher as compared to No.223 without significant difference [4.1%(3/73) vs. 0, χ(2)=3.06, P=0.245]. Metastasis rates of No.222 and No.223 in splenic flexure group were significantly higher than those in descending colon and sigmoid colon groups (χ(2)=5.69, P=0.025; Fisher exact test, P=0.044); While such rates of No.232(No.242 for sigmoid colon group) and No.253 were not significantly different among 3 groups respectively (χ(2)=0.90, P=0.660; χ(2)=1.14, P=0.611).

CONCLUSIONSLeft-sided colon cancers in T1 should undergo D2 radical operation, while cancers in T2 to T4 should undergo D3 radical operation. The D3 radical operation for splenic flexure cancers and cancers of transverse colon close to splenic flexure should clear No.223 and No.253. The D3 radical operation for descending colon cancer should clear No.222 and No.253. The D3 radical operation for sigmoid colon should clear No.253.

Colon, Sigmoid ; pathology ; Colon, Transverse ; pathology ; Colonic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; diagnosis ; Mesenteric Artery, Inferior ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To investigate the antagonistic effect of wogonin in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on the proliferation of human Hep-G2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells .Methods Human hepatocellular Hep-G2 cells were divided into experimental group (wogonin group ,5-FU group ,wogonin + 5-FU group) and control group .MTT method was used to eval-uate tumor cell proliferation in vitro ,flow cytometry analysis was used to evaluate tumor cell apoptosis .Results The results showed that the wogonin inhibited the proliferation of tumor cells at the concentrations of 5 ,10 ,20 and 40 μmol/L after 24 h and 48 h treatment respectively (P<0.05);5-FU also inhibited the proliferation of tumor cells at the concentrations of 5 ,10 , 20 and 40 mg/L after 24 h and 48 h treatment respectively (P< 0.05) .However when wogonin was combined with 5-FU (wogonin+5-FU group) ,an antagonistic effect was observed on tumor cell proliferation (P<0.05) .When cells were treated by wogonin+5-FU for 48 h ,the combined index (CI) value slowed a dose-dependent antagonistic effect (P<0.05) .Conclusion Wogonin has anti-tumor effect .However when wogonin was combined with 5-FU ,an obvious antagonistic effect on 5-FU′s anti-tumor action was observed .The underlying mechanism deserves further study .

Objective:To analyze the risk factors for early neurological deterioration(END)in elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS)after intravenous thrombolysis.Methods:Clinical data of 118 patients with AIS who had received thrombolysis were collected retrospectively.According to the occurrence of END, cases were divided into the END group(n=28)and the non-END group(n=90). Univariate analysis was used to compare general characteristics, clinical data, laboratory test results, TOAST classification, infarct location, and degree of culprit vessel stenosis between the two groups.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the related factors for END.Results:Univariate analysis showed that the proportion of patients with diabetes mellitus and previous cerebral infarction was higher in the END group than in the non-END group( χ2=4.000 and 8.056, P=0.046 and 0.005). There were significant differences in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)score, time from onset to thrombolysis, thrombolysis time, swallowing dysfunction, albumin, leukocyte count, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c), creatinine, total cholesterol(TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and lipoprotein(a)levels between the two groups(all P<0.05). There were also significant differences between the two groups in TOAST classification, infarct location and degree of culprit vessel stenosis( χ2=13.109 and 9.509, Z=2.912, P=0.004, 0.023 and 0.004). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that NIHSS score, HbA1c, cardiogenic stroke, degree of culprit vessel stenosis and leukocyte count on admission were independent risk factors for END( OR=1.122, 2.131, 1.965, 1.876 and 1.563, P=0.036, 0.024, 0.028, 0.030 and 0.041). Conclusions:NIHSS score, HbA1c, cardiogenic stroke, degree of culprit vascular stenosis and leukocyte count on admission are independent risk factors for END, which should be closely monitored and managed with well formulated preventive measures in order to improve the prognosis of AIS patients.

Objective: To identify confounding factors associated with dental caries prevention, as the basis for the development of subsequent health management plan for dental caries prevention in young children. Methods: From June to September 2019, a questionnaire survey was conducted among parents of young children enrolled in five kindergartens in the district of Shanggang Steel Community, Pudong New District, Shanghai, using the convenience sampling method. The survey included basic demographic characteristics on parents and children, as well as information factor, motivation factor, behavioral skills, and caries prevention behavior. Results: Among 718 parents surveyed, the median information factor score was 8 (7, 9), the median personal motivation factor score was 20 (19, 20), the median social motivation factor score was 9 (8, 10), the median behavioral skills score was 25 (24, 25), and the median caries prevention behavior score was 7 (5, 8). Motivation factor was positively associated with behavioral skills, both information factor and behavioral skills were positively associated with dental caries prevention (P<0.05). Personal motivation factor had a direct influence factor of 0.80 on behavioral skills and an indirect influence factor of 0.15 on dental caries prevention behavior; behavioral skills and information factor had a direct influence factor of 0.19 and 0.26 respectively on dental caries prevention. Conclusion The finding suggest that in addition to oral hygiene information and education for parents of young children, mental support should be a key component of any community-based dental caries prevention program.

Objective To explore risk factors of the progression to castration-resistant prostate cancer(CRPC)after hormone therapy (HT).Methods A total of 178 patients with prostate cancer from February 2009 to February 2018 were enrolled to analyze the risk factors of the progression to castrationresistant prostate cancer after androgen deprivation therapy in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital.The mean age was72 years (range,49-91 years);the middle Gleason score was 7 (range,4-10);the middle PSA at the initiation of HT was 24.45 ng/ml (range,0.16-100.0 ng/ml);the middle time to PSA nadir was 9 months (range,0.5-69.0 months);the middle PSA nadir after HT was 0.030 ng/ml (range,0.003-78.670 ng/ml);the mean hemoglobin level was 131 g/L (range,64-184 g/L);the mean alkaline phosphatase level was 98 U/L (range,35-734 U/L);39 patients were diabetes mellitus (21.9％);82 patients were bone metastasis/visceral metastasis (46.1％);85 patients (47.8 ％) were in clinical T1 + T2;93 patients(52.2％)were in clinical T3 + T4.We studied the relationship between CRPC and these risk factors including age,Gleason score,PSA at the initiation of HT,PSA nadir after HT,the time to PSA nadir,hemoglobin level,alkaline phosphatase,bone metastasis/visceral metastasis,clinical T stage,diabetes mellitus by x2 test,univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis methods.Results The middle follow-up time was 30 months (range,6-92 months).There were 74 of 178 patients progressed to CRPC after HT.The median time of progression to CRPC in this cohort was 15 months (range,4-47 months).On x2 test analysis,there were statistically significant differences between the progression to CRPC group after HT and the rest group in Gleason score (P ＜0.001),PSA nadir after HT (P ＜0.001),PSA at the initiation of HT (P =0.042),alkaline phosphatase (P =0.002),bone metastasis/visceral metastasis (P＜0.001) and clinical T stage (P ＜0.001).Additionally,on multivariate Cox regression analysis,Gleason score (OR =6.152,P ＜ 0.001),PSA nadir after HT (OR =3.022,P ＜ 0.004) and the time to PSA nadir (OR =0.375,P ＜0.001) were found to be significantly associated with the rapid progression to CRPC.Conelusions Gleason score,PSA nadir after HT and the time to PSA nadir were significantly associated with the progression to CRPC.Patients with higher PSA nadir or the shorter time to PSA nadir were more likely to progress to CRPC.

OBJECTIVETo understand the junction protein expression of gastric mucosa including occlusal proteins (occludin), closed protein-4 (claudin-4), zonula occluden-1(ZO-1), epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin), and β ring protein (β-catenin) and the clinical significance in children with Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection.

METHODSeventy patients in whom gastric endoscopy was performed because of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, bloating, acid reflux, melena, and other gastrointestinal symptoms were enrolled in this study from Dec. 2010 to Apr. 2013 in our hospital. Informed consent was signed by their parents, and the study was in accordance with the principles of medical ethics. Hp positivity was confirmed if both respiratory urea test (RUT) and Hp were positive by gastric mucosal pathology. Gastric mucosal samples from 70 patients were enrolled in this study, 23 of them were Hp negative, 47 of them were Hp positive (24 cases without peptic ulcer, 23 cases with peptic ulcer). The mRNA levels and protein expression of tight junction protein of gastric mucosa were measured by RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. The location and semi quantitative content of E-cadherin and β-catenin in gastric mucosa were detected by immunohistochemical staining method.

RESULTThe mRNA level of E-cadherin, β-catenin, ZO-1 in the Hp positive group regardless of peptic ulcer was significantly lower than that in the Hp negative group. Hp positive without peptic ulcer group were 0.0008, 0.0040, 0.0014, respectively; Hp positive with peptic ulcer group were 0.0010, 0.0090, 0.0013, respectively; Hp negative group were 0.0137, 0.0423, 0.0198, respectively (F values were 36.956, 39.893, 38.962, respectively, all P<0.05). The expression of claudin-4 mRNA in Hp positive group with peptic ulcer increased significantly, the difference among Hp positive group with peptic ulcer, Hp positive group without peptic ulcer and Hp negative group was statistically significant (0.1438 vs. 0.0926 vs. 0.0789) (F value was 11.964, P<0.05), while the difference of occludin mRNA levels among the three groups was not statistically significant.Immunohistochemistry results showed that the score of E-cadherin, β-catenin positive cell in the Hp positive patients were also significantly lower than that in the Hp negative group (t values were 3.981 and 2.340, all P<0.05, respectively). Western blot results showed that the protein levels of β-catenin in Hp positive group with peptic ulcer were significantly lower than that in Hp negative group, while the protein levels of E-cadherin in Hp positive patients regardless of peptic ulcer were decreased significantly in Hp negative group.

CONCLUSIONOur results revealed that the tight junction protein E-cadherin, β-catenin, ZO-1 expression of gastric mucosa were decreased in children with Hp infection, while claudin-4 expression was increased in Hp positive patients with peptic ulcer, suggesting that damage to gastric epithelial barrier function may be the main pathogenesis of Hp associated gastric diseases in children.

Blotting, Western ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Child ; Claudin-4 ; metabolism ; Gastric Mucosa ; metabolism ; pathology ; Helicobacter Infections ; metabolism ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Occludin ; metabolism ; Peptic Ulcer ; metabolism ; microbiology ; RNA, Messenger ; Tight Junction Proteins ; metabolism ; Tight Junctions ; metabolism ; Zonula Occludens-1 Protein ; metabolism ; beta Catenin ; metabolism