Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscle, Skeletal ; physiopathology ; Muscular Diseases ; physiopathology ; therapy

Objective To study the effect of Ceftriaxone on glutamate-induced neurocyte injury. Methods Cultured rat cerebral cortical neurocytes were divided into Ceftriaxone (A)group, glutamate(B) group ,Ceftriaxone-pretreated (C) group and control (D) group. Observe morphous and MTT colorimetry were used to detect cytoactive. Laser scanning confocal microscope was used to measure the change of Ca2+ in rest state and after brief glutamate-induced Ca2+ loading. RT-PCR was used to determine the change of GLT1 mRNA expression.Results Compared with B group, cellular morphous was closer to normal in C group. Absorptance values of groups A,B,C,D were 0.795?0.010, 0.624?0.028, 0.738?0.021 and 0.813?0.023, respectively, which there were lower in groups B and C compared with group D, but absorptance value was higher in group C than that in group B(allP

Objective To establish P2 or P0 peptide-induced experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN)in the Lewis rats and to explore the optimal type and doses of antigen inoculated to induce EAN and the associated cell-mediated immune mechanisms.Methods Lewis rats were classified into EAN and control groups.The EAN rats were immunized by injection into both hind footpads of inoculums containing 100 or 200 ?g of P2_(57-81)peptide or 200?g of P0_(180-199)peptide and Freund's complete adjuvant(FCA),and the control rats were immunized with FCA only.Clinical scores were compared when they were at peak time of paralysis.Lymphocyte proliferation assay,the ratio of CD_4~+ T cells to lymphatic monocytes and percentage of CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ T cells to CD_4~+ T cells obtained on day 14 post-immunization were examined.Histopathalogical assessment of sciatic nerves was made.Results Peak clinical scores of P2_(57-81)200 ?g group were dramatically higher than those in P2_(57-81)100 ?g group and P0_(180-199)200 ?g group(both P

Objective To explore the application value of thromboelastography(TEG) in perioperative evaluation of patients with antiplatelet therapy-associated cerebral hemorrhage. We aimed to investigate whether platelet transfu-sion, compared with standard care, reduced bleeding in patients with antiplatelet therapy-associated cerebral hemor-rhage. Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data was conducted in 30 patients (12 patients receiving platelet transfusion) with antiplatelet therapy-associated basal ganglia hemorrhage who underwent emergency surgery. TEG was used to evaluate the intraoperative bleeding, postoperative bleeding and transfusion treatment. Results The routine co-agulation test was in the normal range in the two groups. However, TEG showed that the platelet function was exces-sively inhibited in patients with antiplatelet therapy before spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage (Platelet inhibition rate>90%). There were significant differences in the intraoperative blood loss (t=-3.998, P=0.008), total transfusion volume (Z=-3.245, P=0.001), postoperative hematoma volume (t=-2.909, P=0.043) and lead volume (t=-8.790, P=0.041) between two groups (P<0.05). One case from platelet transfusion group, and 4 cases from no-platelet transfusion group re-ceived a second surgical operation. However, the difference was not statistical significant ( P=0.317). Conclusion TEG can effectively assess the preoperative coagulation status in the patients with spontaneous cerebral haemorrhage after antiplatelet therapy. Platelet transfusion can reduce intraoperative and postoperative bleeding, decrease blood transfu-sion in the patients with antiplatelet therapy-associated cerebral hemorrhage.

Objective:To study the characteristics and mechanisms of language disorders in predominant periventricular lesion.Methods: 40 Patients with periventricular infarction were assessed on the Aphasia Battery in Chinese (ABC), results were analyzed to determine the relationship between neuroiconography and speech function. Results: lesion of anterial lateral ventricle led to acute mutism, limited spontaneous speech, and disorder of speech initiation. Lesion near medial lateral paraventricle led to aphemia. All these lesions are usually associated with stuttering. Conclusion: The white matter anteromedial lateral paraventricular is an important part in the automatic processes that involved in speech production. Different lesions of these regions may result in different language disorders.

Objective To discuss the causes of diseases presenting vertigo as a chief complaint in patients in department of neurology of polyclinic and to compare the clinical features of these disease in order to draw the attention of the physicians to benign paroxysmal positional vertigo(BPPV)and posterior circulation ischenmia(PCI).Methods Prospective clinical study was carried out.Followed up outpatients (135)and inpatients(65)with a chief complaint of vertigo were followed up in the department of neurology, the second affiliated hospital of Harbin Medical University.Thorough history, especially the timing and duration of vertigo, provoking and aggravating factors, symptoms associated and risk factors for cerebrovascular were obtained.Physical examinations with special attention to neurologic systems and Dix- Hallpike maneuver were performed.Based on the history, the physical examination, Dix-Hallpike maneuver and special techniques, the diagnoses of 200 patients with vertigo was made.Two weeks after each patient' s first consultation, a follow-up was made.Results The main diagnoses for these 200 patients were BPPV (56.0%), PCI(21.5%), neurosis(13.0%), M?ni?re' s disease(2.5%), multiple sclerosis (1.0%), probably cervical disease(1.0%), acoustic neuroma(1.0%), labyrinthine apoplexy(1.0%), brainstem hemorrhage(0.5%), vestibular neuronitis(0.5%), cerebellum cyst(0.5%), unknown causes (1.5%).Such clinical features of the diseases with vertigo, as age, vertigo duration, and provoking factors, associated symptoms, risk factors, the physical examinations, the treatment and so on were summed up.Conclusions Presentations of vertigo can be clinically diagnosed in most cases, with a larger number of patients suffering from BPPV.Combination of these prominent clinical features may guide the general physicians to the likely causes of vertigo.

Objective To study the prophylactic effects of nasal tolerance with a dual analogue (Lys262-Ala207) on experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) and observe the underlying mechanisms, the clinical and immunological changes in Lewis rats treated with dual analogue nasally. Methods The effects of the predetermined dosage of a dual analogue Lys262-Ala207 were compared at different time points, and the dual analogues or control peptides were given nasally before (Group A or CA) or on the day (Group B or CB) of immunization with acetylcholine receptor (AChR) in complete Freund's adjuvant for 10 consecutive days. The clinical scores were evaluated for 50 days after immunization. The levels of anti-AChR IgG in serum were tested by RIA. Proliferative responses of lymphocytes to no antigen, Lys262-Ala207, AChR, AChR-?100-116, MBP peptide, or Con A were tested. The numbers of mononuclear cells expressing CD4 and/or CD25 from lymph nodes were enumerated using flow cytometry. Results As compared with the corresponding control groups, Lewis rats in group A or B developed EAMG with reduced severity and loss of AChR within the neuromuscular junction. The levels of anti-AChR IgG (21.96?3.37 and 29.41?4.59) were also decreased. Proliferative responses were suppressed in response to antigen-specific stimulations in rats receiving dual analogue, whereas the numbers of CD4+CD25+ T cells were higher in group A (11.34%?1.62%) and B (8.68%?1.83%) than in their corresponding control groups. Conclusions Nasal administration with a dual analogue Lys262-Ala207, at two different time points before and on the day of immunization ameliorated muscular weakness in EAMG rats associated with decreased levels of anti-AChR IgG in serum, suppressed antigen-specific T cell proliferation and increased numbers of CD4+CD25+ T cells from lymph nodes as compared to rats receiving control peptides. The results of our study suggest that the mucosal tolerance with dual analogue should be served as an alternative maneuver in human MG.

The teaching reform of education methods and course contents was carried out for seven-year program medical students in clinical neurology courses.Case-based instruction method,evidencebased medicine and standardized patient were flexibly applied,case discussion mode and multimedia teaching were added,and humanistic education was merged into teaching process.The enthusiasm and creativity of students were fully activated through the comprehensive application of various teaching meth ods,and the teaching quality of neurology course was improved,and the purpose of comprehensive quality education for the culture of long-year program medical students was better achieved.

Objective To determine the median effective concentration(EC50) of remifentanil by TCI inhibiting the cardiovascular response to the placement of operating laryngoscope performed under propofol anesthesia administered by TCI.Methods Twenty ASA Ⅰ orⅡ patients,aged 20-51 yr,weighing 52-83 kg,undergoing extirpation of vocal cord polyps under general anesthesia with remifentanil-pmpofol administered by TCI.were enrolled in the study.The target plasma concentration (Cp) of propofol was set at 4μg/ml.Operating laryngoscope was placed at 3 min after tracheal intubation.HR and MAP were continuously monitored.When HR or MAP increased by 15%,the candiovascular response was defined as positive.The EC50 was determined by up-and-down technique.The initial Cp of remifentanil was set at 5 ng/ml and was increased/decreased by 20%in the next patient if the cardiovascular response was positive or negative.Results No chest wall stiffness and intraoperative awareness occurred in all the patients.The EC50 of remifentanil TCI inhibiting the cardiovascular response to the placement of operating laryngoscope was 3.50ng/ml with confidence interval(CI) between 3.47-3.60 ng/ml.Conclusion Thee EC50 of remifentanil TCI inhibiting cardiovascular response to the placement of operating laryngoscope is 3.50ng/ml with CI between 3.47-3.60ng/ml.

Objective To investigate the effects on pancreas islet function in patients ubdergoing laparoscopic myomectomy during sevoflurane or propofol anesthesia.Methods Forty pa-tients,40-55 years,ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ scheduled for elective surgery of laparoscopic myomectomy were randomly divided into two groups (n=20 each group).Propofol 2 mg/kg,sufentanil 0.5 μg/kg and rocuronium 0.9 mg/kg were used for induction,BIS was controlled between 40 and 55 during surgery.The anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane and MAC was maintained with 0.7-1.3 in group S.The anesthesia was maintained with propofol continuous infusion and the plasma concentra-tion of target was set between 2.0 to 5.0μg/ml in group P.Blood glucose,insulin,c-peptide,gluca-gon and cortisol were measured at 3 time points:before induction of anesthesia (T0 ),start of surgery (T1 ),end of surgery(T2 ).Results Compared with T0 ,blood glucose,insulin,c-peptide,glucagon and cortisol in two groups were increased significantly at T1 and T2 (P <0.05).Compared with T1 , blood glucose,insulin,c-peptide,glucagon and cortisol in two groups were increased significantly at T2 (P <0.05).Compared with group S,blood glucose,glucagon and cortisol were increased indis-tinctively and insulin,c-peptide were increased significantly in group P at T1 and T2 (P < 0.05). Conclusion Compared with sevoflurane,propofol could promote the secretion of insulin and c-pep-tide,and inhibit cortisol and glucagon secretion,thus inhibit the rise of intraoperative blood glucose.