AIM: To investigate the changes in intracellular potassium activity(a iK) and membrane potential(V_m) induced by low external sodium infusion (Low _o) and to detect the mechanisms involved and the relationship between a iK and V_m. METHODS: a iK and V_m were measured in infusion with different sodium concentrations using methods of convenient and ion selective microelectrodes in guinea pig ventricular myocardium. RESULTS: Low _o resulted in a decrease in a iK and an increase in V_m in a Na + concentration-dependent manner.At the same time,contraction and resting potential increased, and action potential duration decreased markedly,but action potential amplitude was not affected. A change of the pH from 7.4 to 7.0 in low _o solution reduced the decrease in a iK, but did not affect the increase in V_m. CONCLUSION: A better linear relationship appeared between the changes in a ik and _o or in V_m and _o,while during each low _o the change in both a iK or V_m may reach a new balance level.

Objective To research the effect of octreotide on the lung injury of far place organ after ischemia-reperfusion in rabbit liver.Methods Prings maneuver rabbit hepatic ischemia-reperfusion models were established. 24 adult New Zealand rabbits were random divided into three groups: group Ⅰ (sham operative group) , group Ⅱ (ischemia-reperfusion by physiological saline group) and group Ⅲ (octreotide preconditioning group). To group Ⅲ, we injected octreotide of 20μg/kg to abdominal cavity and octreotide of 30(μg/kg to skin following, and octreotide was dissolved into 2ml with 0. 9% physiological saline. To group Ⅰ and Ⅱ, octreotide were replaced with the same amount of physiological saline. The changes of MAP, HR in every group were recorded at the time before ischemia (T1 ) , 30min (T2) after ischemia, 30min(T3) , 60min(T4) , 120min(T5) , 240min(T6) after reperfusion. The tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) and interleukin-lbeta (IL-1β) in the plasma in every group at T1, T2, T3, T4 , T5, T6 were detected. These rabbits were killed 240 min after reperfusion, then the lung's hepatocellular ultrastructures of every group were observed under electromicroscope, and the apoptosis of lung was detected by TUNEL. Results The MAP, HR of group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ were lower than that of group Ⅰ at T2 to T4. Moreover, group Ⅱ were lower than that of group Ⅲ (P <0.05). The TNF-a, IL-1β of group Ⅱ (fromT2) and group Ⅲ ( from T3) were higher than that of group Ⅰ ( P < 0.05) , and group Ⅲ were lower than group Ⅱ after ischemia (P <0. 01). Through electromicroscope, we found that the injury of the lungs hepatocellular ultrastructure in group Ⅲ was slighter than that in group Ⅱ . We detected the apoptosis of the lung organizes by TUNEL under 5 fields of light microscopes, and found that the apoptosis counts of group Ⅱ (55. 82 ±4. 19) and group Ⅲ (32. 17 ±3. 10) were more than that of group Ⅰ (3. 96 ±0. 87), and group Ⅲ were less than thatof group Ⅱ (P < 0. 01). Conclusion Octreotide can protect the lung injury of far place organ after ische-mia-reperfusion in rabbit liver.

Objective To explore the significance of peritubular capillary C4d deposition in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the patients with acute renal allograft rejection.Methods 86 allograft biopsies obtained from 78 kidney transplants were examined by immunohistochemistry on routine paraffin sections using anti-C4d polyclonal antibody. The relationship of C4d and functions, therapies and prognoses of allografts was analyzed. Results There were 32 allograft biopsies with Banff type Ⅰ rejection, 51 with Banff type Ⅱ rejection and 3 with Banff type Ⅲ rejection. Thirty biopsies were positive in C4d deposition. For 28 patients, at least one biopsy exhibited peritubular C4d deposition. There was no significant difference between type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ rejection ( 21.9 % vs 39.2 % , P= 0.101 ). The C4d~ + group had proportionately more patients with pregnant history (P= 0.020 ), more patients with high panel-reactive antibody levels (P= 0.013 ), and more retransplanted patients (P= 0.016 ). Mean serum creatinine was significantly higher in C4d positive patients than in negative patients[( 312.56 ? 196.26 ) ?mol/L vs ( 210.97 ? 136.59 ) ?mol/L, P= 0.0115 ]. Patients with C4d deposition were more commonly resistant to antirejection therapy with bolus steroids ( 75.0 % vs 28.0 % , P= 0.000 ) and ATG ( 66.7 % vs 12.5 % , P= 0.027 ). More patients with peritubular C4d deposition lost their grafts during the study period (64.3 % vs 90.0 %, P= 0.006 ).Conclusion Acute rejection with C4d deposition were resistant to antirejection therapy with steroids and/or ATG, and associated with inferior graft outcome.

Objective To understand the specimen source of clinical isolated Acinetobacter(A.)baumannii and its department distribution and drug resistance in order to guide the clinical standardized medication for preventing the drug resistance increase. Methods The drug resistance of A.baumannii was monitored by using the unified scheme,materials,methods and criteria (CLSI2010).Results Among 579 strains of A.Baumannii,39 strains(2.2%)were isolated in 2011,187 strains(10.5%)were isola-ted in 2012 and 353 strains(15.4%)were isolated in 2013.In the department distribution,271 strains were isolated from ICU and 104 strains from the department of respiratory medicine.In the positive isolation rates of various specimens,the positive rate was dominated by the sputum specimen(5.55%),followed by wound secretion and pus.The antibacterial susceptibility tests showed that A.baumannii had lowest resistance to cefoperazone/sulbactam(40.1%),which could be used as the drug of first choice.Con-clusion A.baumannii has the higher resistance to many kinds of antibacterial drugs.The drug resistance monitoring of A.bauman-nii should be strengthened in clinc and antibacterial drugs should be selected and used rationally.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of (Val8)GLP-1-Glu-PAL to dopaminergic neurons on PD mice induced by MPTP.Methods 56 male C57BL/6 mice which are 10-12 weeks old were randomly divided into Control,model (MPTP),muti-injection (Val8) and therapy (MPTP + Val8) groups by random number table method.Mice in MPTP group were received MPTP IP.treatment (30mg/kg · d),the control group were treated with 0.9％ saline with the same volume,Val8 group were injected with (Val8) GLP-1-Glu-PAL (25 nmol/kg),and MPTP+Val8 group were going to received (Val8)GLP-1-Glu-PAL 1 h after treatment of MPTP,all the groups were treated for 8 consecutive days.Behavior test were processed 2h after drug IP injection,including swimming test and rotarod test.Mice were sacrificed immediately 1h after the final trail of behavior test in 8th day,brains were withdraw for IHC assay which tested the number TH positive neurons in SNpc area.Results The classical PD behavior symptom were induced by MPTP,from 1 st to 8th,the swimming score(1.715±0.143 and dropping latency(68.048±7.823) were both decreasing compared with control.The differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).The positive dopaminergic neurons were significantly lower in SNpc area (P＜0.01).Compared with MPTP group,(Val8) GLP-1-Glu-PAL could statistically improved the behavior deficit,the swimming score (1.120±0.143) and dropping latency(20.546±7.823) in the MPTP+Val8 group,and differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Meanwhile,the TH positive neurons were significantly elevated (P＜0.01).Conclusion The results suggest that (Val8)GLP-1-Glu-PAL has protective effects for MPTP induced mice PD dopaminergic neurons.

Objective To explore the suicide ideation and related factors in elderly with depressive disorder.Methods A sample of 60 old patients meeting the criteria of ICD-10 for depressive disorder and 60 normal controls were assessed by the Self-rating Idea of Suicide Scale(SIOSS),Trait Coping Style Questionnaire (TCSQ),Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI).Results The score of despair factor,optimistic factor,sleep factor,conceal factor and total score of SIOSS in patients with depressive disorders (6.22±3.28,2.43± 1.47,1.87± 1.58,1.17± 1.1 1 and 10.51±4.91,respectively) were significantly higher than those of normal controls(t=5.83-14.03,P＜0.01).The scores of SIOSS in patients were significantly positively related with the scores of SAS,SDS,PSQI and N C (r=0.311-0.792,all P＜0.05),but negatively related with the scores of PC(r=-0.761,P＜0.01).Moreover,regression analysis showed that the suicide ideation was increased in accordance with serious depression,anxiety,sleep quality,higher level of education and decreased ability to positive response in elderly with depressive disorder(R 2=0.853,F=62.768,P＜0.01).Conclusion The suicide ideation in elderly with depressive disorder is more serious than that of normal people,and may be influenced by depression,anxiety,sleep quality and coping style.

OBJECTIVE:To study the possible mechanisms of the effects of indol-2,3-dione (MW147) on experimental atherosclerosis (AS). METHODS: A total of 120 male quails were randomly divided into six groups: normal control group, model group, lovastatin (79.5 mg?kg-1) positive control group, and MW147 (20, 60, 120 mg?kg-1) groups. The normal control group was fed on normal diet, while the other 5 groups were fed on high lipid diet and treated ig with corresponding drugs for eight weeks. Then the lipid levels including TC, TG, L-DLC and H-DLC in serum and tissues, and the total superoxidedismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined. Meanwhile the tissues of aorta and liver were observed under light microscope. RESULTS: In MW147-treated groups compared with model group, the levels of TC, TG, LDL-C and MDA were decreased while the levels of HDL-C, T-SOD, GSH-Px and T-AOC in serum were increased (P

Objective: To explore clinical features of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) caused by left main (LM) coronary artery lesions and to study the effect of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in relevant patients. Methods: A total of 3514 AMI patients received coronary angiography (CAG) in our hospital from 2000-01 to 2015-12 were studied, those including 36 of infarct-related artery (IRA) as LM. There were 28/36 patients received PCI and 8 received CABG. The clinical features and outcomes in 28 LM disease patients were investigated. Results: The patients included 5 female and 23 male at the mean age of (66.5±8.32) years. There were 16 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and 12 with NSTEMI; 21 received primary PCI and 7 had elective PCI; there were 16 patients suffered from cardiac shock at admission. The procedural success rate was 82.1% and the in-hospital mortality was 35.7% (10/28). During (66.1±35.2) months follow-up period, 3 patients had re-NSTEMI and 1 of them received PCI again, 3 patients died. No event survival rate was 66.7%. Conclusion: PCI is feasible for treating AMI patients caused by LM lesions, the in-hospital survival rate was 64.3%; while the MACE occurrence rate during long-term follow-up period has been high.

Objective To evaluate the diastolic function and relationship between diastolic function and early diastolic synchrony in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT-3DE) volume-time curves (VTC) after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).Methods Thirty-nine patients with DCM were enrolled by RT-3DE VTC before and 1 week,6 months,12 months after CRT,draw the left ventricular (LV) 16,12,6 segments LV diastolic early volume standard deviation of the time (Tedv-SD),and with the R-R interval normalized as early diastolic unsynchronized index (DDI) ;draw end-systolic volume (LVESV),LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV),LV ejection fraction (LVEF) ;and calculate the diastolic peak filling rate(PFR),the ratio of early diastolic volume and enddiastolic volume(EDVearly/EDV).Results LVEDV,LVESV had no significant improvement.Compared with the before and 1 week after CRT,but the improvement was statistically significant after 6 months and 12 months (P ＜0.05,P ＜0.01); LVEF after 1 week,6 months and 12 months were statistically significant (P ＜0.05) ;Compared with before,PFR after 6 months was significantly increased (P ＜0.05),EDVearly/EDV at 12 months after CRT was significantly reduced (P ＜ 0.01); There was a significantly shortened in each segment (Tedv-SD)/R-R 1 week after CRT (P ＜0.01),but the parameters had no obvious improvement later.Correlation analysis:△ DDI and △ EDVearly/EDV reduction was significant positive correlation (r =0.52,P ＜0.01),△DDI and PFR has negative correlation (r =-0.40,P ＜ 0.05),△ EDVearly/EDV and △PFR also had a good relationship (r =-0.56,P ＜0.01).Conclusions The LV synchrony and diastolic function were improved after CRT in patients with DCM; PFR,EDVearly/EDV can be used as evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function effectively targets.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship of the height difference and bone density (BD) of premenopausal and postmenopausal women. METHODS: The height values of 191 premenopausal and postmenopausal women were recorded, and the BD values of lumbar vertebrae and hip were detected by double energy X-ray BD detector. RESULTS: The lower the height of the postmenopausal women, the less the BD value. The BD of lumbar vertebrae dropped 0.025 5 g/cm(2) with each 2 cm of the shortened height, and the BD of hip joint dropped 0.029 2 g/cm(2). The shortened value in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis was statistically greater than that in postmenopausal women without osteoporosis. CONCLUSION: The BD of the postmenopausal women can be estimated by the calculation of their shortened height value.