Objective To compare the efficacy of percutaneous compression plate (PCCP) and dynamic hip screw (DHS) on intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients. Methods A literature search was performed in the Cochrane Li-brary, Mdiline, EMbase, CNKI, Wanfang database and other databases. The controlled clinical trials were retrieved, which in-cluded PCCP and DHS treatment for intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients. A meta-analysis was performed to ana-lyze the efficacy of PCCP and DHS on this kind of fractures in elderly patients. Results In 231 citations initially identified, 11 eligible papers were included in this study, which consisted of a total of 1 100 patients. Results showed that there were shorter operative time (WMD=-12.83,Z=2.54,P=0.01), smaller incision(WMD=-7.43,Z=3.35,P＜0.001), low blood loss during surgery(WMD =-211.41,Z=9.07,P＜ 0.001) and better prognosis in PCCP group than those of DHS group. There was no significant difference in the length of postoperative hospital stay between PCCP and DHS group(WMD=-1.28, Z=0.89, P=0.37). Conclusion The current analysis suggests that the PCCP is better for intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients.

Objective To explore immunological mark and the outcome of disease after pharmacological treatment in human NCC with praziquantel. Methods 35 patients were treated with praziquantel for 6 months. Levels of serum IL-2,IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-5, IL-10 and TNF-α were measured before and after treatment. Results Th1 type cytokines IL-2, IFN-γand IL-12 were up regulated after treatment( P ＜ 0. 01 ) . Levels of TNF-α and Th2 type cytokines IL-5 and IL-10 were remarkable decreased after treatment( P ＜ 0. 01 ). The levels of IL-2, IFN-γ and IL-12 from the patients with good response to the treatment is higher than those with no response to the treatment. Conclusion Th1 type cytokines were up regulated while Th2 type cytokines were down regulated in the NCC patients treated with praziquantel. The protective immunity may be related to the Thl cell activation.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the conditions of the extraction technique for compound Liuyuexue gran?ules.METHODS:The herbs in formulation were first extracted by ethanol percolating,then the dregs were decocted with water to be extracted once more.Taking oleanolic acid and total flavones as evaluation markers,the extraction technique in two-step process was evaluated by orthogonal design.RESULTS:The optimum condition of ethanol percolating process was that the crude herb powder was soaked by8-fold80%ethanol for24hours and the optimum condition of water decocting process was that the dregs were decocted for3times with12-fold water,1.5hour each time.CONCLUSION:The repeated experimental results are stable,and the contents of components for markers are high.The optimum conditions can be used for enlarged pro?duction.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the bioequivalence of domestic secnidazole tablet,capsule and imported secnidazole tablet in healthy volunteers.METHODS:18healthy volunteers were randomly divided into3groups according to a triple-cross design,all the volunteers were given a single dose of1g secnidazole,the interval for washout period of3times adminis?tration was14days.The plasma drug concentration of secnidazole was determined by HPLC-UV.RESULTS:The main pharmacokinetic parameters of homemade tablet and homemade capsule and imported tablet were as follow,t max were(2.00?1.93),(2.67?2.14)and(1.54?1.53)h respectively,t 1/2 were(28.56?4.98)、(29.69?6.81)and(27.16?5.06)h,C max were(25.50?2.74),(24.27?3.76)and(25.64?4.10)?g/ml respectively.AUC 0～t were(736.03?73.20),(704.78?88.51)and(737.77?76.02)(?g?h)/ml respcetively.AUC 0～∞ were(886.36?114.50),(864.57?172.27)and(870.64?100.21)(?g?h)/ml respectively.The relative bioavailability of homemade tablet was(100.02?6.73)%,and that of homemade capsule was(95.91?10.66)%.CONCLUSION:3preparations of secnidazole are bioequivalent.

Aim To observe the effects of the L-dopa methyl ester (LDME) on the pattern visual evoked potentials (P-VEP) and the expression of c-fos mRNA in neurons of the visual cortex of kittens with strabismic amblyopia, and explore the therapeutic effect of L-dopa methyl ester on amblyopia and its action mechanism.Methods 30 normal kittens were randomly divided into 6 groups: low dose of L-dopa methyl ester (20 mg·kg~(-1)), medium dose of L-dopa methyl ester (40 mg·kg~(-1)), and high dose of L-dopa methyl ester (80 mg·kg~(-1)),positive control (L-dopa 40 mg·kg~(-1)),normal control, and model control group.The surgery for producing iatrogenic convergent strabismus was performed on 4 weeks old kittens(normal control group excluded). After the confirmation of the development of amblyopia by pattern visual evoked potential,L-dopa methyl ester,L-dopa and normal saline were given to the corresponding animals, respectively. The P-VEP of amblyopia eyes was observed after one month, and the technique of in situ hybridization was used to detect the expression of c-fos mRNA.Results L-dopa methyl ester could reduce obviously the length of P100 peak latency of the cat strabismic amblyopes, and increase the amplitude of P100. The positive staining cells of strabismic cat visual cortex were less than those of normal cats, whose difference was significant (P<0.01).Positive staining cells in the treatment group were significantly increased when compared with that of the model group (P<0.01).Conclusion L-dopa methyl ester can significantly improve the conduction and sensory function in the model of strabismic amblyopia cats. The mechanism may be related to the increased amount of L-dopa methyl ester into the cerebral cortex and regulation of the expression of c-fos mRNA.

The aim of this study was to synthesize 1-(5-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-pyrazin-2-yl) guanidine (mucunaguanide),a pyrazinone alkaloid compound extracted from the seed of Stizotobium cochinchinensis.Starting from benzyloxy acetaldehyde,following four steps in reaction including condensation,cyclization,substitution and hydrogenation reaction,mucunaguanide was synthesized with total yield of 27.9％,and purity of more than 97.5％.Structures of all the intermediates and target compound were confirmed by IR,1H NMR and MS.This synthetic process was characterized with raw materials available,simple in operation with much milder reaction conditions,and was an ideal method of synthesis of this compound.

One Cryptopsoridium isolate from a 3 month-old calf in a dairy cow farm of Harbin was identified by molecular method, in which the common genes of 18S rRNA and actin used in Cryptosporidium genotyping were selected, the primers were designed, and the approximate 840 bp and 1066 bp fragments of these two genes were amplified respectively by nested PCR. The PCR products were sequenced by two directions, and then the sequences were analyzed by using the soft wares of ClustlX, DNAstar, and PHLIP. The experimental result showed that in the 18SrRNA gene, there was the highest identities compared to other reported isolates of cow-derived C. ryanae (DQ871345, AY587166, and EU410344), with 100% of similarity. Likewise, at actin locus, the present isolate also had 100% similarity with an American cow-derived C. ryanae isolate (EU410345) and a deer-like genotype isolate (AY741309). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the present isolate shared the same evolution branch in the two gene loci. These analyses demonstrated that the present isolate belonged to C. ryanae. These results provide a significant reference for the study on the species distribution and assessment in the public health significance of Cryptosporidium in cow milk in China.

Objective: To explore the mechanism of Xuebijing injection in the treatment of acute paraquat poisoning by means of studying the expression of TNF-alpha, NF-kappa B, Caspase-3 and the changes of cell apoptosis rate detected by TUNEL in the lung tissue of acute paraquat-induced rats. Methods: On the base of random number table, 126 Wister rats weighing 220 g to 270 g were divided into 3 groups: (1) Control group: 42 rats, (2) Poisoned group: 42 rats, (3) Treatment group: 42 rats. On 1^st、3^rd、7^th、14^th、21^st、28^th、and 35^th day, six rats from each group were anaesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of chloral hydrate. To cut the chest and take the lung tissue samples. The expression levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Nuclear Factor-kappa B and Caspase-3 protein in lung tissue were detected by immunohistochemical staining, as well as apoptotic cell rate was detected by TUNEL staining. Results: The expression levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Nuclear Factor-kappa B, Caspase-3 protein and TUNEL staining in the lung tissue of the poisoned group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05) . Compared with the poisoned group, the expression of TNF-alpha, NF-kappa B, Caspase-3 and TUNEL in treatment group decreased significantly (P<0.05) , but they were still higher than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant compared with the control group (P<0.05) . Conclusion Apoptosis and TNF-alpha, NF-kappa B and Caspase-3 play an important role in lung injury of paraquat-induced rats. Xuebijing injection can inhibit the expression of TNF-alpha, NF-kappa B, Caspase-3 in lung tissue, reduce the apoptosis rate and alleviate the damage of lung tissue in paraquat-poisoning rats.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) combined with chemotherapy in the prevention and treatment of postoperative recurrence and metastasis of locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) by meta-analysis. Moreover, we evaluated the efficacy of TCM on the quality of life, immune indexes, and toxic and side effects during adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods The CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed, and other databases were searched by computer. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were searched. After literature screening and data extraction, Review Manager 5.3 software provided by Cochrane was used for meta-analysis. Results A total of 18 RCTs were included. Compared with chemotherapy alone, TCM combined with chemotherapy could improve the KPS score and CD3⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ index levels. The incidence rates of postoperative leucopenia, hemoglobin reduction, thrombocytopenia, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, and neurotoxicity were reduced. In terms of postoperative QLQ-C30 score, abnormal liver function, and abnormal renal function, the incidence of TCM combined chemotherapy was similar to that of chemotherapy alone, with no statistical difference. Compared with chemotherapy alone, TCM combined chemotherapy could reduce the 1-, 2-, 3-, and 5-year cumulative recurrence and metastasis rates and prolong the disease-free survival time. Conclusion Compared with chemotherapy alone in adjuvant chemotherapy, TCM combined chemotherapy could improve the immune level and KPS score of LACC patients after surgery, reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, as well as reduce the recurrence and metastasis rate of LAGC after surgery and DFS could be improved.

OBJECTIVE: To study the genetic polymorphisms of 7 Y chromosome single nucleotide polymorphisms (Y-SNPs) among unrelated Mongolian males from Inner Mongolia Region. METHODS: Seven Y-SNPs with expected allelic frequencies close to 0.50:0.50 in Mongolian population were selected from databases including HapMap and relevant literature. The Y-SNPs were then analyzed among 95 unrelated male Mongolian DNA samples with ligase detection reaction (LDR) technique. Statistical analysis was carried out with Arlequin 3.5. RESULTS: All of the 7 Y-SNPs had 2 alleles. Seven haplotypes were identified among the 95 samples, with the haplotype diversity (HD) being 0.7990. Except for rs17316007, whose allelic frequencies was 0.832:0.168, each of the remaining Y-SNPs had a allelic frequency close to 0.50:0.50. The gene diversity (GD) for rs17316007 was 0.2825, while those of the remaining Y-SNPs were all greater than 0.4375. CONCLUSION Except for rs17316007, the other 6 Y-SNPs showed good diversity and genetic polymorphism, and may be used for individual identification and paternity testing for the Inner Mongolia region.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; China ; Chromosomes, Human, Y ; genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Genetics, Population ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Male ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide